新概念英语第一册：语法解析how的特殊疑问句1
How的特殊疑问句
Hello, everyone. This is Eric's English Studio.
今天我们看一看How--的这几个特殊疑问句
How soon .... ?
how soon,意为“还要多久”，是表示从某个时间到这个动作开始，或者结束要发生多长的时间，通常是用在一般将来时态的句子里，回答一般都是"in+一段时间“
—How soon can you finish the work?还要多久你能完成这项工作?
—In half an hour.半小时后.
How long .... ?
how long意为“多久、多长时间”,主要是对一段时间进行提问,答语通常是(for)three days/weeks/months等时间段,它可用于各种时态.
How long do you stay in Beijing every year?每年你在北京住多久?
How long have they lived here?他们住在这里有多久了?
—How long has Sponge Bob lived in this orange pineapple ?
海绵宝宝在这个橘黄色菠萝里面生活了多久?
—About two weeks.约两周.
how long还可以意为“某个物品多长”,
—How long is the ruler ?这把尺子多长?
—About 15 cm long.大概15里面长。
How far ...?
how far意为“多远的距离，什么样的程度”,一般用来提问距离是多少，答语通常是it is +距离单位，等
-How far is it from your company?
- It's 6 kilometres.
How often ...?
how often意为“多久……次、是否经常”,用来提问在某一特定的时间进行某个动作的次数,答语通常是always,usually,often,sometimes,once/twice a day/month等.
—How often do you get to school very early?你多久早到校一次?
—Usually.通常.
—How often do Sopnge Bob and Patrick watch TV together ?
海绵宝宝和派大星多久一起看电视?
—Once a month.每月一次.
How many times ...?
how mant times意为“多少次”,通常是来问次数的，或者是一个时间段内的频率，回答一般是X.X.X times a year/month/
three days ....
—How mang times do they come to the park a week ?他们一般一周来多少次公园?
— Three times a week.
练习
1.— _______ did the meeting last?—About half an hour.
A.How soon B.How long C.How far D.How much
2.— _______ will Ezhou-Huanggang Bridge be finished?—In a few months.
A.How soon B.How long C.How often D.How far
3.— ________ will it take you to get to the post office?
—About half an hour.
A.How old B.How long C.How soon D.How often
4.— _________ do you write to your mother?—Once a month.
A.How many times B.What time is it C.How soon D.How often
5.— _______ a year does your school have sports meetings?—Twice a year.
A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.How many times
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.A
新概念英语第一册：宾语从句
宾语从句
在以前已介绍过宾语从句一般由that, which和whom引导，它们有时在口语中可以省略。除此之外，宾语从句还可以由when, where, what, why, how以及if和whether这些疑问词来引导，而它们在句中往往不能加以省略。无论是that, if还是wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句通常都应以陈述句的`形式出现。
请看例句：
She wants to know when you'll have a bath.
她想知道你何时洗澡。
I don't know where she lives.
我不知道她住在哪儿。
He wants to know what you are cooking.
他想知道你在做什么饭。
She wants to know why Mary is late.
她想知道玛丽为何迟到。
He wants to know if you are tired.
他想知道你是否累了。
词汇学习Word study
1.extra
(1)adj.额外的;外加的;另外收费的：
Could you get an extra bottle of milk?
请你再拿一瓶牛奶好吗?
On Sundays, she always gets some extra sleep.
星期天她总是比平时多睡一会儿。
Guests at this hotel can use the gym at no extra cost.
这家饭店的客人们可以使用健身房，不再额外收费。
(2)adv.额外地;另外：
He usually works extra on weekends.
他通常在周末加班。
They'll charge you extra for room service.
饭菜送到房间是要另外收费的。
She is extra nice to her colleagues these days.
这些日子她对她的同事们特别好。
2.overseas
(1)adj.海外的;国外的：
The university recruits a large number of overseas
students each year.
这所大学每年招收大量的外国留学生。
This small country depends heavily on its overseas trade.
这个小国在很大程度上依赖于其海外贸易。
(2)adv.在(或向)海外;在(或向)国外：
John is going to work overseas soon.
约翰不久就要出国工作了。
He has never been overseas.
他还从未出过国。
新概念英语第一册：条件句
条件句
如果我们认为将来的事件是可能发生的，就可用第1类条件句去描述将会发生什么事或不会发生什么事。其基本结构是：If +一般现在时+将来时(或情态助动词)，如：
If it rains tomorrow, we won't go to the seaside.
如果明天下雨，我们就不去海边。
if从句中的现在时表示需具备的条件，主句中的shall/will将来时表示可能的结果。具备的条件是真实的，可能真的下雨。
如果是这样，它就会有真实的结果。这就是为什么这样的陈述句常被称为“开放”条件句或“真实”条件句的原因。事实上，在第1类条件句中，一切现在时态都能用在if之后，而不仅仅是一般现在时。请看例句：
If he falls ,he'll hurt himself.
如果他摔倒了，他会伤着自己的。
If you don't hurry ,we'll miss the train.
你要是不赶紧点儿，我们就会误了火车。
If you feel better, you can get up.
你要是感觉好些了的话，你就能起床了。
If I am better tomorrow, I will get up.
如果我明天感觉好些了，我就起床下地。
If I have a headache, I will take an aspirin.
我要是头疼的话就会服用一片阿司匹林。
If I can afford it, I will buy it.
要是我买得起的话我就会买它。
词汇学习Word study
1.depend v.(on)
(1)视……而定;取决于：
It depends on whether they win or not.
这取决于他们是否能赢。
(2)依靠;依赖：
The country depends heavily on its export of farming products.
这个国家在很大程度上依赖于其农产品的出口。
They depended on us for help.
他们依靠的是我们的帮助。
(3)信赖;相信：
We can depend on the accuracy of the test.
我们可以相信测试的准确性。
You can depend on John----he is an honest man.
你可以信赖约翰——他是一个诚实的人。
2.win v.
(1)赢(如比赛或奖项);获胜：
Which team won?
哪一队获胜了?
He felt very excited to have won the gold medal.
赢得了金牌，他感到非常兴奋。
(2)(经过努力等)赢得;取得;成功：
Do you think he will win the election?
你认为他竞选会成功吗?
He had been applying for a scholarship and he won at last.
他一直在申请奖学金并终于获得了。
新概念英语第一册：语法解析how的特殊疑问句2
被动语态
英语动词有主动语态和被动语态之分。在主动句中，动词的主语是执行动作的人或物。在被动句中，主语是动作的承受者。
在英语中被动词态用得很普遍，这样做可以避免用不明确的词作主语，或是将说话的'重点放在事件而不是造成该事件的人或物上。
被动语态的构成：be +过去分词。
过去分词不一定指过去。请看例句：
(1)一般现在时形式：am/are/is +过去分词：
The room is aired regularly.
这个房间定期通风。
The knives are sharpened regularly.
刀定期磨。
(2)一般过去时形式：was/were +过去分词：
She was dressed in red.
她身穿红色衣服。
The windows were opened this morning.
窗户今早是开着的/被打开了。
(3)英语中表达感情的动词通常可用于被动式，这些动词如
amuse, embarrass, worry, surprise, interest, upset等：
She is embarrassed.
她感到尴尬。
They were worried.
他们感到担忧。
词汇学习Word study
1.embarrassed adj.
(1)尴尬的;局促不安的：
He felt so embarrassed at that moment.
在那一刻，他感到如此尴尬。
The girl was very embarrassed to speak in front of so many strangers.
在如此之多的陌生人面前讲话，那个女孩子很是局促不安。
(2)陷入困境的;拮据的：
He was financially embarrassed.
他经济上陷入了困境。
He says that he is embarrassed at the moment, but he will be able to pay you next month.
他说他目前手头紧，但下个月就可以付钱给你。
2.curiously adv.
(1)好奇地：
The little boy watched curiously as his mum opened the box.
那个小男孩好奇地看着他妈妈打开盒子。
(2)过于好奇地：
She curiously opened the letter addressed to her husband.
她抑制不住好奇心，拆开了别人写给她丈夫的信。
3.kindly adv.
(1)和蔼地;亲切地：
He treats the children kindly.
他待孩子们和蔼而仁慈。
The old man greeted us kindly.
那位老人亲切地招呼我们。
(2)请(=please，有时表示客气，有时表示不满等)：
Will you kindly leave the room?
请你离开这房间好吗?
Kindly acknowledge this letter.
此信收到后请告知。
(3)乐意地;感谢地：
He never takes criticism kindly.
他从不乐于接受批评。
新概念英语第一册语法
新概念英语第一册：语法解析how的特殊疑问句3
被动语态
上一次介绍了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时形式，这里介绍其现在完成时和一般将来时形式：
(1)现在完成时形式：has/have + been +过去分词：
The basket has already been emptied.
篮子已经被腾空了。
They have already been invited.
他们已被邀请。
(2)一般将来时形式：will/shall +be +过去分词：
The floor will be swept soon.
地不久就会扫的。
The knives will be sharpened soon.
刀不久就会磨的。
词汇学习Word study
1.place v.
(1)(小心地)放;放置：
He placed the record back to the shelf.
他把唱片放回到架子上。
Their request placed me in a difficult position.
他们的要求将我置于困境。
(2)任命;安置：
The company has placed him with a branch office in Tokyo.
公司任命他在东京的一家分支机构工作。
There is no better way to place the homeless children.
没有更好的办法来安置这些无家可归的孩子们。
2.prosecute v.
(1)起诉，检举;依法处置：
Trespassers will be prosecuted.
闲人莫入，违者法办。
They prosecuted him for shoplifting.
他们起诉他扒窃商店货物。
(2)〈书面语〉彻底进行;执行：
We are going to prosecute the investigation further.
我们将进一步彻底进行调查。
3.surround v.
包围;围绕：
The beautiful white house is surrounded by green trees.
那所漂亮的.白房子被绿树环绕着。
That old professor loved to surround himself with young people.
那位老教授非常喜欢年轻人围在他左右。
When I went into the room, I saw Tim sitting on the floor surrounded by
boxes.
当我走进房间时，我看到蒂姆正坐在地板上，他的周围到处都是盒子。
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