英文书信

2024-11-11 书信

　　书信是人们在日常生活和工作中进行交际的工具，也是中考和高考书面表达中常见的考试文体。由于民族语言和习惯上的差异，英语信件在书写格式及表达方式上与汉语不大一样，有些地方迥然不同。本章将向大家介绍一般格式及各种常见信件，如家信、祝贺信、道歉信及自荐信等。

　　英文书信：英文婚礼邀请函

　　Dear Snoopy,

　　I am greatly honored to formally invite you to participate in Mr. Guo Jing's wedding ceremony with Ms. Huang Rong to be held at Beijing Grand Hotel from 8 to 10 p.m. on April 1, XXXX.

　　As you are a close friend of us, we would very much like you to attend the celebration and share our joy. The occasion will start at seven o'clock in the evening, with the showing of their wedding ceremony. This will be followed by a dinner party. At around ten, we will hold a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strauss.

　　If you do not have any prior appointment on April 1, we look forward to the pleasure of your company.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Ming

　　英文书信：应届毕业生英文求职信

　　Dear Sir，

　　I will graduate from the University of Kansas with a Masters degree in June of this year. My major is Pharmacy and I am very interested in securing a position before I graduate, if possible.

　　I am a Chinese and my bachelor's degree is from Zhejiang University.

　　I have long been hopeful of working for you after I graduate, because I consider you the finest hospital in this region, I as sure that if I have the privilege of serving in your pharmacy, I will greatly increase my education and my experience.

　　Needless to say, I will have completed a standard course in pharmacy before I graduate in June. In addition, I have chosen to elect all the courses available at my school in Hospital Pharmacy. I did this because I have always wanted to be a hospital pharmacy. My professors, Sr. John Harkin, Dr. Mildred Carter, and Dr. Iriny Schultz have give me permission to use their names as reference.

　　If you have a position available after I graduate, I would appreciate it. If not, please keep my name on your file, because I consider your Pharmacy the best in this region.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　xxx

　　英文书信的构成可分为8个部分：

　　信头(Heading), 日期(Date), 收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address), 称呼(Salutation), 信文(Body of the letter), 结束语(Complimentary close), 署名(Signature), 附言(P. S.)

　　信头(Heading)

　　信头是指发信人的单位名称或地址。一般情况下发信人只需把自己的地址写(打字，手写均可)在信的右上角，离开信纸的顶头约1英寸，占二三行或四行均可，格式如下：①齐头式 ②缩进式

　　注意：写地址的次序与中文不同，应先写门牌号码街道，然后城市和国名。写地址时采用齐头或缩进式，以及每行后要不要加标点符号，都没有固定的规定。如写给经常往来的亲友，这项地址也可以省略。

　　日期(Date):

　　写日期注意下列各点：①年份应写全，例如不能用"99"来代替"1999";②月份应写英文名称，除May, July外，可用缩写，如：Sep., Oct.。但不要用数字来代替，如7/4/99 或7， 4， 99，因为在英国此日期代表 7th April，1999，而美国则代表4th July，1999。 ③日期可用1，2，3，4 11，12 21，22 31等，也可用lst，2nd，3rd，4th 11th，21th 22nd 31st等。

　　日期的几种写法：a.July 7，1998 b.1st October, 1998 c.30 Nov., 1997 d.Sep. 3rd, 1999

　　④特别注意英文书信日期应紧接着写信人地址下一行，不能像写中文书信那样写在书信签名之后，这是很多学生的常见错误。

　　收信人姓名及地址(Inside Name and Address)

　　写信人的地址和日期写好以后，接着就要写收信人的姓名和地址，一般的事务信件或给较生疏的朋友的信件要写，而在给极熟的朋友的信中则可省去。这一项写在日期下一行的左上角。收信人姓名写一行，收信人地址可分两行或三行写，和写信人的地址一样，上下可取齐，也可以向右缩进。在姓名前一般要加上称号，称号因人而异。

　　①对普通男子用Mr;②对未婚女子用Miss;③对已婚女子用Mrs，对婚姻状况不明确的通常用Ms(后跟本人姓);

　　④对男子用Master;⑤对教授或博士(医生)用Prof.或Dr.

　　称呼(Salutation)

　　称呼指的是信文开头的那种称呼，如Dear , Mr, Uncle，各种称呼因人而异。在称呼后面一般是用逗号，但也有用冒号的。现归纳如下：①对父母、兄弟、姐妹等;a.Father, b.My dear Mother, c. Dear Sister, d. Dear Tom,

　　②对亲戚：a.My dear Auntie, b.Dear Cousin, c.My dear Cousin,

　　③对朋友、同学a.My dear friend, b.Dear Mr Jackson, c.My dear Mr Jackson, d.Dear Sir,

　　④对未婚女子：a.Dear Miss Luce, b.My dear Miss Luce,

　　⑤对一般女子，不论是否结婚：a.Madame, b.Dear Madame,

　　⑥对已婚女子：a.Dear Mrs Helen Jackson, b.My dear Mrs Helen Jackson,

　　⑦对公司、工厂、学校等：a.Dear Sirs, b.Sirs, c.Gentlemen,

　　信文(Body of the letter)

　　信文是信件的主体部分，也就是信的内容。正文应在称呼下两行开始。信的开头第一个字母通常和称呼开头第一个词平齐。也有往后退四个或八个字母的。下面介绍一些开头语和结尾语。

　　开头语

　　①相当于中文的"敬君者"。

　　a.I beg to inform you that

　　b.I beg to take this opportunity to inform you that

　　c.I have the honor to address you that

　　d. I write in a hurry to inform you that

　　e.I have the pleasure to tell you that

　　f. I'm very much delighted to inform you that

　　②相当于中文的"接读某月某日来信，一切知悉"。

　　a.I thank you very much for your letter of May 20th

　　b.Your letter of May 20th has been received with thanks.

　　c.It gives me great pleasure to receive your kind of May 20th.

　　d.In answer to your kind letter of May 20th, I deeply regret that

　　e.I have received your kind letter of May 20th.

　　f.Words can't express my delight on finding your favor of yesterday on my desk this morning.

　　g.Your letter dated May 20th has been received.

　　结尾语

　　采用三种方法：

　　①采用分词短语：句末用逗号，不用句号。例如：

　　a.Waiting for your good news,

　　b.Looking forward to your early reply,

　　c.Hoping to hear from you soon,

　　d.Hoping you are enjoying good health,

　　e.Regretting that I can't give you a more favorite reply,

　　f.Regretting the trouble I'm causing you,

　　g.Wishing you every success,

　　h.Wishing you a pleasant journey,

　　i.Wishing you a happy New Year,

　　②采用介词短语，例如：

　　a.With best regards,

　　b.With kind regards to your family,

　　c.With best wishes to you and yours,

　　d.With best wishes for your success and happiness,

　　e.With best wishes for your success in your new field of work,

　　f.With best regards and wishing you all success,

　　g.With warmest regards,

　　h.With best regards to you and your family,

　　i.With the season's greetings,

　　③采用完整句子：

　　a.We are waiting for your good news.

　　b.I hope to receive your early reply.

　　c.We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.

　　d.I thank you very much for your services, and wish your continued success.

　　结束语(Complimentary Close)

　　结束语的一般写法如下：

　　① 业务书信常用：Yours faithfully, Faithfully yours, Yours truly, Truly yours, Sincerely yours,

　　② 公函常用：Yours respectfully, Respectfully yours, Yours sincerely,

　　③私人书信常用：Sincerely yours, Yours very sincerely, Yours affectionately, Yours ever,

　　④给亲戚朋友的信常用：Love, All my love, Your(ever)loving son/daughter/cousin , etc.

　　Your affectionate nephew, lovingly, Lovingly yours,

　　署名(Signature)

　　下面是署名的例子：

　　① 个人署名：truly, W. J. Watson ,Yours faithfully,

　　②公司署名：Legend Computer Company, Wang Lin ,Sales Manager

　　附言(Postscript)

　　发信人有时在写完信后又想起一件比较重要的事没有说，可以在信末署名下面几行写上， P. S. (Postscript的缩写)，然后将要补充的话写上。不过要注意写信时最好将事情一次讲清楚，尽量少用或不用P.S.。

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