完形填空阅读理解练习答案

2024-04-28 阅读答案

　　多做英语完形填空阅读理可以提高英语水平并且提高考试分数，那么，下面是小编给大家整理收集的完形填空阅读理解练习答案，供大家阅读参考。

　　完形填空 A）

　　Do you know the history of bowling（保龄球）? Scientists think that a game like bowling was ___ 1 in Egypt thousands of years ago. Things look like the balls and bowling pins were found buried(埋葬) with a child who __2 around 5,200 B. C.

　　People who study history know that the game was popular in Germany around 200-300 A.D. It was played in some churches in order to __3__ that they were very good Christians. When people bowled poorly, they had to go to church more ___4__ than the others.

　　The first bowling place was built inside a very big building and __5__ in England in 1455. Then the game was taken to the United States where most people played it outside just for fun.

　　During the 1800s, many people in the United States began to bowl for ___6__, so several cities made the game illegal（违法的. And later, a group ____7__ the American Bowling Congress (ABC) began around 1900. The job of this group was to clean up bowling and make it a gentleman’s game again. At that time, the game was mostly played by men. If women played, they ____8__a curtain up so that the men were not able to see them.

　　Then, in 1916, a woman’s ___9___ named the Women’s International Bowling Congress (WIBC) made a point of showing that the game was fine for ___10___ men and women.

　　1. A. done B. played C. seen D. watched

　　2. A. died B. was dying C. dead D. death

　　3. A. tell B. show C. look D. say

　　4. A. possible B. often C. time D. chance

　　5. A. closed B. built C. opened D. stopped

　　6. A. fun B. pleasure C. money D. health

　　7. A. calling B. calls C. naming D. named

　　8. A. hanged B. hang C. hung D. hunged

　　9. A. party B. group C. class D. kind

　　10. A. between B. both C. all D. whole

　　B）How often one hears children wishing they were grown-ups. And old people wishing they were 1 again. Each age has its pleasure and its pains, and the happiest person always enjoys what each age 2 him without wasting his time in useless regrets.

　　Childhood is a time when there are 3 responsibilities（责任）to make life better. If a child has good parents, he is raised, looked after and loved, whatever he may do. It is 4 that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. But a child has his 5 . He is not so free to do what he wishes to do. He is 6 being told not to do something, or being punished for what he has wrongly done.

　　When a young man starts to earn his own living（谋生）, he can no longer expect others to 7 his food, his clothes, and his room, but he has to work if he wants to live 8 . If he spends most of his time 9 in the ways that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. 10 , if he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.

　　1. A. children B. young C. active D. strong

　　2. A. leaves B. hopes C. makes D. gives

　　3. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little

　　4. A. impossible B. natural C. common D. harmful

　　5. A. pains B. weakness C. dreams D. rights

　　6. A. year by year B. again and again C. one by one D. for ever

　　7. A. take the place of B. pay for C. talk about D. think of

　　8. A. comfortably B. freely C. peacefully D. separately

　　9. A. playing about B. play about C. played about D. plays about

　　10. A. By the way B. Possibly C. Though D. However

　　阅读理解：A）

　　The world has many beautiful sounds. We can hear the songs of birds and the laugh of people. We can listen to cool music and news reports. And it is all because of ours ears! They bring us a world of sounds.

　　But some people can’t hear any sound at all. Some are born deaf. Others can hear well in their childhood, but too many loud sounds hurt their ears later on.

　　Many people in China can’t hear ordinary sounds clearly. A large number of them are children. Most of them are born with good hearing. But six children out of every 1,000 have hearing problems when they are born. And if a child has hearing problems, he or she usually will also have learning problems at school.

　　A lot of things can cause hearing problems. For example, too much earwax is not good for our hearing. And noise louder than 85 decibels can hurt our ears and make us lose our hearing for a short time or even for ever.

　　Hearing is important for all of us. So we should do our best to give our ears special care. Don’t forget to do the following:

　　? Try to stay away from places with too much noise. If you have to go, wear earplugs. A pair of good earplugs can cut the noise by 30 decibels.

　　? When swimming , remember to put earplugs into your ears to stop water from getting in.

　　? Never put anything sharp into your ears. If you think you have too much earwax, ask your mum or dad to help you clean it out. CDACB

　　Keep these things in mind! Then you won’t be saying “What” when you are older.

　　1. The underlined word “earwax” means ______ in Chinese.

　　A. 耳膜 B. 耳鸣 C. 耳垢 D. 耳疾

　　2. In the first paragraph , the writer wants to ________.

　　A. tell us many beautiful sounds. B. describe the use of ears.

　　C. explain the kinds of sounds. D. show the importance of ears.

　　3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the writer?

　　A. Hearing problems caused by diseases. B. People with hearing problems.

　　C. Ways to protect our ears. D. Danger of loud noise.

　　4. Hearing problems may be caused by ______.

　　A. a little earwax. B. learning problems at school.

　　C. noise louder than 85 decibels. D. earplugs that can only cut noise by 15 decibels.

　　5. The underlined sentence means _______.

　　A. when you get older, you know it’s not polite to ask “what”.

　　B. when you get older, you still have good hearing.

　　C. When you get older, you won’t ask question.

　　D. The older you are, the less questions you’ll have.

　　B). Many adults think that the decision to buy a computer is theirs. They are the world’s webmasters. But now, a US survey (调查) has found children are getting more and more interested in the Internet. The number of children using the Internet has grown to three times in the past three years.

　　Three years ago, the number of 2 to 17 years old children entering Webworld was eight million. Today, the number has inscreased to 25 million. By the year 2008, the number of children online is expected to be 42 million.

　　More and more children are using the Net because their parents use it. The survey showed that the number of parents using the Net has changed from 4.5 million to 16.4 million.

　　The survey found many other interesting facts:

　　Almost two-thirds of US families have home computers. Forty-six percent of all family members are hooked(沉迷于) on the Internet.

　　Girls are using the Net as much as boys.

　　In five years, schools will become the main gateways to the Internet for children.

　　1. By the year 2008, the number of children online will be ______ more than today.

　　A. 8 million B. 17 million C. 25 million D. 42 million

　　2. Why are more and more children using the Net now?

　　A. because they needn’t go to school any more.

　　B. Because they will have exams on the Net.

　　C. Because their parents often use the Net and affect() them.

　　D.Because their teachers give lessons on the Net all day.

　　3. What does the survey say on girls’ going online?

　　A. The girls go on line less than boys.

　　B. They spend a lot of time on the Net like boys.

　　C. They are weak in using the Net.

　　D. The girl only use the Net at school.

　　4. What’s the best title of the passage?

　　A. Adults Become the Owner of the Internet. B. Children Lead the Internet.

　　C. How do Children Use the Net? D. The Growing Number of People Entering Webworld.

　　5. Which of the following are about the survey on the Internet use?

　　1) More and more children are interested in the Internet.

　　2) Three-fourths of US families have home computers.

　　3) Forty-six percent of all family members are deep in the Internet.

　　4) Boys use the Net as much as girls.

　　5) Schools will become the main gateways to the Internet for children in five years.

　　A. 1) 2) 3) 4) B. 1) 2) 4) 5) C. 2) 3) 4) 5) D. 1) 3) 4) 5)

　　C) Did you see snow in your hometown last winter? Did you feel it was warmer than before? “There have been 21 warm winters in China since 1986,” said scientists. They also said that in the past 100 years, as the global(全球的) temperatures went up by 0.74℃, the temperature in North China has climbed 1.4℃ in only 50 years.

　　China needs to take quick action to cut carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)emission(排放), because it’s the main reason for global warming. The good news is that China has seen the important of going green. China set the goal of cutting energy use by 20% and pollution emission by 10% in the 11th Five-Year plan.

　　Can you slow golbal warming? Sure! You and your family can take steps to cut the amount of carbon dioxide that is sent out into the air.

　　Here are some pieces of advice to help you save the earth.

　　Wear used clothes. Wearing your brother’s, or sister’s or dad’s old T-shirt means you save the energy.

　　Change your light bulbs(灯泡). Use energy-saving light bulbs. And don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave a room and turn off your television and computer when they are not in use!

　　Ride the bus. Taking a bus saves a lot of oil every year. Say no to plastic bags. The next time your parents go to the market, ask them to use baskets.

　　Open a window. Don’t use the air conditioner(空调), and let some fresh air in. When you have to use the conditioner, set the temperature higher in the summer and lower in the winter to save energy.

　　Make small changes in your daily life. Don’t use paper cups, bags and boxes.

　　It’s time for all of us to do something to save the earth.

　　1. The main reason for global warming is _________.

　　A. The oil B. carbon dioxide C. paper cups, bags and boxes. D. television and computers

　　2. The word “energy” in the second paragraph means “___________”.

　　A. 活力 B. 干劲 C. 精力 D. 能源

　　3. How many pieces of advice are there in this passage?

　　A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six

　　4. Which of the following is true?

　　A. It’s a pity to wear your dad’s old T-shirt.

　　B. Using air conditioners may be a waste of energy.

　　C. Taking a bus wastes a lot of oil every year.

　　D. Using paper bags saves energy a lot.

　　5. The passage is mainly about the ways to _________.

　　A. slow down global warming B. make energy

　　C. change our daily life D.change the world weather

　　答案：

　　完型填空A：1-5 BABBC 6---10 CDCBB B: 1-5 BDAAA 6-10 BBAAD

　　阅读：A. 1—5. CDACB B. 1---5 BCBBD C. 1---5 BDDBA

　　中考英语完形填空练习及答案：双胞胎

　　Martin Henfield talks about some of his experience(经历) as a twin: when we were small my mother dressed us __1_ the same clothes. That was bad enough and we didn’t like it. But we went on our first camping trip, it was even __2__. We were only ten years old, and while __3_ went into their sleeping bags for the _4__, we were not happy to snuggle(偎依) inside a double sleeping bag my mother made for us.

　　At school our classmates __5__us Henfield One and Henfield Two, so people ___6__ even see our difference according to our initials because __7__ of us were M.O. It was only when I went to _8___ and began to have my own friends that I started to feel my own freedom of identity(身份).

　　Before I went to college, during my secondary school __9__, I __10__ to a job on a building site. My twin brother, Mike Henfield, didn’t work. One day I asked my boss, “Can I have a week _11__?” “Certainly,” he said, “but you won’t have the job when you 12__ back.” I didn’t want to __13__ the job. So on Monday morning, Mike went there in my _14__, jacket and hat and he worked for me for one week __15___ of them knew the difference.

　　1. A. in B. for C. on D. with

　　2. A. badder B. worse C. good D. better

　　3. A. all boys B. another boy

　　C. all the other boys D. all the boys

　　4. A. day B. holiday C. night D. mid-night

　　5. A. called B. knew C. told D. made

　　6. A. didn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t

　　7. A. very B. each C. both D. all

　　8. A. middle school B. college C. high school D. school

　　9. A. holidays B. week C. weekend D. holiday

　　10. A. received B. got C. find D. made

　　11. A. off B. free C. on D. back

　　12. A. came B. will get C. got D. are

　　13. A. miss B. lose C. lost D. losing

　　14. A. coat B. shirt C. shoes D. trousers

　　15. A. None B. Nobody C. All D. Each

　　答案见下页

　　1. A。“给某人穿(衣服)”应为dress sb. in。

　　2. B 根据下文可知野营中的情况比平时更糟糕.。

　　3. C。the other加名词复数表示“剩余的所有的人”。

　　4. C。睡袋应用于夜间。

　　5. A。“称呼某人……”用call sb. …。

　　6. D。

　　7. C。根据后面的系动词were, 应用both表复数。

　　8. B。根据上下文可知, 直到大学, 这种情况才有所改变。

　　9. D。指中学生涯的最后一个假期。

　　10. B。“找到一份工作”可用get/find a job, 但此处应用过去时。

　　11. A。have a week off 休息一个星期。

　　12. D。只有D项时态正确。

　　13. B。

　　14. D。

　　15. A。没有一个人看出这时双胞胎交换了一下。B项不可带of。

　　中考英语完形填空练习及答案：孩子智斗小偷

　　When the boys 1 home, it was eleven o’clock. It was dark 2 but there was a light inside their home and the door 3 . They could see a man inside.

　　“Who can 4 be? ” Said Peter. “Mother and Father 5 to do some 6 . They won’t be home 7 eight o’clock. ”

　　When the man saw Peter, he looked 8 . Then he smiled and said. “Come in! You don’t know me, but I’m a friend of 9 .” The man didn’t see John.

　　Peter went inside and began 10 to the man but John didn’t. He quickly but quietly ran off. He soon found a policeman and brought him back 11 home. The man was 12 there, but when he saw the policeman, he tried to run off. The policeman caught him 13 the arm. Just then the boys’ parents 14 .

　　“Is the man your friend?” The policeman asked Mr. Turner .

　　“No, he is a thief. He wanted to steal my money. 15 nice of you to catch him.”

　　1. A. reached B. arrived at C. goes to D. reached to

　　2. A. out of B. outside C. outsides D. inside

　　3. A. opened B. was open C. was opened D. open

　　4. A. he B. she C. it D. that

　　5. A. have been B. have gone C. go D. went

　　6. A. shops B. shopping C. shoppings D. shop

　　7. A. until B. at C. to D. before

　　8. A. frightening B. fear C. frightened D. surprised

　　9. A. your father B. your father’s C. your motherD. your family

　　10. A. saying B. talking C. speaking D. telling

　　11. A. to B. to their C. their D. at

　　12. A. already B. always C. still D. yet

　　13. A. in B. on C. at D. by

　　14. A. returned B. returned back

　　C. had returned D. had returned back

　　15. A. It’s B. This’s C. This is D. So is

　　答案见下页

　　1. A。home是副词，前面不加介词。

　　2. B。外面天黑。

　　3. B。open的形容词还是open，故选 was open, 表状态，意为“敞开着的。

　　4. C。没看清对方的性别、容貌，常用it来指代之。

　　5. B。 have gone to 表示“去了，还没回来”，have been to 表示“曾经去过”。

　　6. B。do some shopping为固定搭配。

　　7. A。固定结构not.…..until意为“直到……才……”。

　　8. C。frightened 表示人内心的恐慌和害怕，而frightening则表示某物或某事令人害怕。

　　9. B。a friend of one’s 表示“某人的一个朋友”。

　　10. B。talk to sb表示“和某人交谈”。而speak to sb, say to sb均表示“对某人讲”。

　　11. B。 home如果前面不加冠词或物主代词，它则是副词，不能加to。反之则是名词，必须加to。故选to their home。

　　12. C。那个小偷还在，故选still。

　　13. D。catch sb by the arm表示“抓住某人的胳膊”。

　　14. A。由just then 可知这里应用一般过去时。

　　15. A。

　　中考英语完形填空练习及答案：一封老友的来信

　　Dear George,Half a year has gone by 1 we said goodbye to each other at the Kaitak airport (飞机场) . Except for 2 hurriedly written notes you have not written to any of your old 3 any letters 4 a few days. We are studying 5 a foreign university, but know 6 of what is going on about you.

　　Last night, John, Tom and I 7 a happy reunion (重聚) in dinner. It was all like the old high school 8 except that you were not in this get together. 9 we all felt 10 you. We then began to talk about you and wondered 11 at that moment. At last we 12 to your health.

　　What kind of life you are living in London? Is your school-work keeping you 13 ? And there are a thousand things we want to 14 . Please tell us.

　　My 15 regards (问候) , also John’s and Tom’s.

　　Your old friend,Tonny

　　1. A. since B. after C. before D. when

　　2. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few

　　3. A. classmates B. friends’ C. comrades’ D. masters’

　　4. A. in B. for C. with D. during

　　5. A. in B. at C. on D. to

　　6. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing

　　7. A. made B. started C. had D. did

　　8. A. time B. place C. days D. teaching

　　9. A. Suddenly B. But C. Or D. And

　　10. A. to miss B. in missing C. miss D . missing

　　11. A. what were you doing B. what you were doing

　　C. how were you doing D. how you were doing

　　12. A. drink B. drank C. had drunk D. was drinking

　　13. A. busy B. happy C. free D. sorry

　　14. A. understand B. hear C. see D. know

　　15. A. good B. better C. best D. well

　　答案见下页

　　1. A。主句是现在完成时，从句由since引导。

　　2. D。a few和few均修饰可数名词，但few表否定。

　　3. A。其它三种表达方式错误，这里无需用名词的所有格。

　　4. B。for加一段时间用于现在完成时表延续。

　　5. A。in a university / at university均可以表示上大学，这里因为已有了a故选in，而不选at。

　　6. D。因为好久没通信，所以对George的情况一无所知。

　　7. A。have a reunion为固定搭配。

　　8. C。想起了过去的日子，故选days。

　　9. A。

　　10. D。feel doing something表示“感觉……”。

　　11. B。宾语从句用陈述语序。

　　12. B。根据上下文的时态可知这里用一般过去时。

　　13. A。朋友们都想知道学校里的事是否让他很忙。这里可以比较四个选项的意思，再根据上文的意思可知选busy。

　　14. D。他们想知道许多关于George的事。

　　15. C。my best regards相当于my best wishes 。

　　中考英语完形填空练习及答案：人类扮演的角色

　　“It’s over! Thank goodness!” school was 1 and I was tired. I 2 at the front of the school bus.

　　Janie, the driver, tries to 3 the uncomfortable atmosphere by striking the match of talks. I try to listen 4 , but usually I am too 5 thinking about my day. On this day, however, her talk was worth 6 .

　　“My father’s ill ,” she said to no one in particular(特别地). I could see worry in her 7 . I had never seen her like this before. She always meets students 8 a smile.

　　With a sudden change of interest, I asked, “ what’s wrong with him?”

　　With her eyes wet and her voice 9 , she answered, “Heart trouble.” Her eyes lowered as she continued. “I’ve already 10 my mum, so I don’t think I can stand losing him.” I couldn’t answer. My heart ached for her.

　　I sat on the 11 thinking of the great pain my own mother was thrown into when her father died. I saw how hard it was, and still is, for her. I wouldn’t want to anyone to go through that.

　　Suddenly I realized Janie wasn’t only a bus 12 , that was just her job. She had a whole world of family and cares 13 .

　　I suddenly 14 very selfish. I paid no attention to Janie because she was a bus driver. I had judged her by her job and brushed her off as unimportant.

　　I shouldn’t have been so selfish and self-centered. 15 people is an art.

　　1. A. in B. off C. over D. on

　　2. A. ran B. walked C. sat D. stood

　　3. A. rest B. break C. close D. open

　　4. A. polite B. rude C. politely D. quickly

　　5. A. busy B. free C. busily D. freely

　　6. A. looking at B. agreeing with C. talking to D. listening to

　　7. A. eyes B. face C. mouth D. ears

　　8. A. with B. within C. without D. for

　　9. A. usually B. usual C. unusual D. truly

　　10.A. remembered B. forgotten C. lost D. missed

　　11. A. seat B. house C. room D. desk

　　12. A. worker B. driver C. teacher D. doctor

　　13. A. also B. either C. too D. at all

　　14. A. felt B. feel C. thought D. was

　　15. A. Looking at B. Understanding C. Getting to know D. Watching

　　答案见下页

　　1. C。根据上下文Thank goodness、tired的提示，可知是放学了。

　　2. C。根据第11选项知道他是坐着的，不是站在公共汽车上。

　　3. B。表示打破沉闷的气氛。

　　4. C。别人讲话时，你应该有礼貌地去倾听，故选副词politely修饰动词listen。

　　5. A。be busy doing表示“忙于做某事”。

　　6. D。根据文章可知，今天她的话却值得一听。

　　7. A。表示从她眼里可看得出她的担心，而face则应和on搭配。

　　8. A。with a smile 表示“面带笑容”。

　　9. C。因为悲伤，所以她的声音和平时有所不同。

　　10. C。因为她已经失去了母亲，所以不能承受再失去父爱的痛苦。miss表示错过，不表示丢失或失去，故不选。

　　11. A。坐在座位上。

　　12. B。我们从文章开始就知道Janie是一个驾驶员

　　13. C。too用于句末，also 用于句中，而either用于否定句句末。

　　14. A。“我”突然地觉得自己很自私。

　　15. B。通过“我”的突然醒悟，告诉人们人与人之间的理解是很重要的。

　　中考英语完形填空练习及答案：知足者常乐

　　Long ago there was a poor farmer called Fred. Fred and his wife, Doris lived 1 together in their small old house. One winter night, the Luck Fairy (仙女) visited them .

　　“Fred, you’re a 2 farmer. I’d like to give you a wish,” said the Luck Fairy.

　　“A wish?” Said Fred.

　　Fred and Doris smiled at each other. Then Fred said, “ Thank you , Luck Fairy. We’re very 3 and happy.”

　　“ 4 we’re old, we still work in the field every day,” said Doris.

　　“You wok very hard but you 5 very little money. Would you like some gold coins ” asked the Luck Fairy.

　　“Oh no , my dear Luck Fairy. We’re poor. But we have 6 food to eat.” Replied Fred.

　　“You can use the gold coin to buy some clothes. The winter here is very cold,” said Luck Fairy.

　　“Though we haven’t got 7 clothes, we’ve got enough,” said Doris.

　　“Well, what about a nice new house?” Asked Luck Fairy.

　　“Thank you, but I 8 my small old house very much. I’ve lived here since I was born. I don’t 9 a new house,” said Fred.

　　“You’re quite different from other people. I like you very much,” said the Luck Fairy. “I wish you happiness and Luck forever.” Then the Luck Fairy 10 and never came back.

　　1. A. sadly B. happily C. worried D. anxiously

　　2. A. bad B. lazy C. good D. unhelpful

　　3. A. healthy B. careful C. difficult D. important

　　4. A. If B. But C. Because D. Though

　　5. A. cost B. lose C. make D. borrow

　　6. A. no B. little C. enough D. expensive

　　7. A. old B. many C. bad D. clean

　　8. A. hate B. love C. need D. dislike

　　9. A. need B. see C. buy D. build

　　10. A. smiled B. nodded C. laughed D. disappeared

　　答案见下页

　　1. B。根据下文我们知道，这对夫妇生活得很愉快。

　　2. C。正因为Fred是一个好农夫，仙女才要奖励他。

　　3. A。比较这四个词的意思不难发现与happy 并列的是healthy。

　　4. D。根据still可知选though。虽然他们年纪大了，但仍然能够在田里干活。

　　5. C。make money意思是“赚钱”。

　　6. C。根据文意，他们对一切都感到知足，包括食物他们也觉得足够吃了。

　　7. B。他们没有许多衣服，但对他们来说却已经够穿了。

　　8. B。

　　9. A。根据上文，他们喜欢自己的小屋，所以不需要新的。

　　10. D。根据never come back可知仙女消失了。

　　中考英语完形填空练习

　　A thousand years ago, Hong Kong was covered by a thick forest. As more and more people came to 1 in Hong Kong, these trees were cut down and burnt. Now there is 2 forest left, though there are still some small areas(地方) covered with trees. We call these woods.

　　Elephants, tigers and many 3 animals were living in the thick forest. When people came to live in Hong Kong, the 4 began to die out. Early farmers grew rice and 5 pigs and chickens in the valleys. They cut down the trees and burnt them. They needed 6 to keep themselves warm in winter, to cook their food and to keep away the dangerous animals. Elephants quickly disappeared(消失) because there was not enough food for them. 7 did most of the wolves and tigers. Monkeys and many other animals soon 8 in the same way.

　　You might think that there are no longer any animals in Hong Kong 9 in the zoos. There are still about 36 different animals 10 there. One of the most interesting of Hong Kong’s animals is the barking deer. These are beautiful little animals 11 a rich brown coat and a white patch(补丁) under the tail. They look like deer 12 but they are much like a dog 13 . In Hong Kong the barking deer has only a real enemy(敌人)— 14 . People hunt these little animals though it is illegal(违法的). There are now not many barking deer left. So it is important 15 people to protect (保护) wild animals.

　　1. A. work B. study C. live D. enjoy

　　2. A. many B. a few C. no D. not

　　3. A. other B. others C. the other D. another

　　4. A. people B. animals C. plants D. things

　　5. A. grew B. made C. got D. kept

　　6. A. fire B. hotness C. heat D. stoves(炉子)

　　7. A. So B. Such C. As D. Nor

　　8. A. lived B. died C. came D. left

　　9. A. besides B. except C. and D. or

　　10. A. live B. to live C. lived D. living

　　11. A. have B. without C. with D. get

　　12. A. high B. higher C. short D. shorter