Periods Five & Six Grammar and Usage
（一）学习要求: 学习并掌握什么是定语从句以及关系代词在定语从句中的作用。
（二）词汇扫雷(写出下列单词的汉语意思)：
1. attributive 2. modify 3. antecedent
4. relative 5. pronoun 6. adverb
7. function 8. predicative 9. attribute ____
10. adverbial 11. clause 12. possession
（三）热身练习（划出下列复合句中的从句部分并说出是什么从句）：
1. I'll go with you as soon as I finish my work.
2. These photographs will show you what our village looks like
3. This is the best dictionary that I've ever bought.
4. The man who talked to you just now is an engineer.
（一）自学评价
1. What’s an antecedent in an attributive clause?
2. What’s the functions of a relative pronoun or a relative adverb in an attributive clause?
（二）系列活动
I. Presentation and Definition.
Look at the picture at page 8 and think of the following phrases or sentence.
Adjective: a green team
Prepositional phrase: a team in green
Attributive clause: a team who were wearing green
Get the idea of what is an Attributive Clause
Read Part 2 at page 8. Attributive clauses are usually introduced by relative pronouns like which, that, who, whom, and whose, or relative adverbs like where, why and when. In the clause these relative words usually function as the following: (see page 8)
II. Read the article at page 9 and underline the attributive clauses in the article.
III. Read the introductions to relative pronouns: that, which, who, whom and whose and grasp the usages of these relative pronouns (shown on the screen). Then do the exercise at page 11.
IV. Consolidation. Finish the exercises at page88
（三）释疑解难
1. Upon finishing his studies, he started traveling in China.
Upon finishing = as soon as he finished 这里的“Upon”也可以用“on ”来代替。
On reaching the city, he called up Lester. 一到了城里，他就打电话给里斯特。
2. donate vt捐赠；赠送
The businessman donated a lot of money to the hospital. 这个商人捐给医院很多钱。
Everyone was asked to donate a day’s pay to the city charities.要求每个人将一天的所得献
给城市慈善机构。
3. refer to v. 查阅, 提到, 谈到, 涉及到，打听，适用于
Who were you referring to just now. 刚才你们谈到谁了？
When I said some people were selfish, I wasn’t referring to you. 当我说有些人自私时，我
并非指你。
A person refers to a dictionary to find the meaning of words. 人们查阅词典找单词的意思。
This rule refers to everyone. 这规则适用于任何人。
4. in this case 在这种情况下，如果这样
In this case, I had no more to say. 如果这样，我没有什么可多说的了。
5. the other day 不久前的一天，几天前
I picked up a wallet the other day and handed it in to the teacher.
前几天我捡了个钱包交给了老师。
6. leave out 删掉，不用，不考虑，遗漏
Such a good article mustn’t be left out. 这样好的文章可不能删掉。
Don’t leave me out. I’ll go with you. 不要把我漏掉，我也要和你们一起去。
7. relate to 涉及，和……有关
He is related to the murder. 他与这起谋杀有关。
Please give an example (which is) related to the phrase. 请举个与该短语相关的例子。
8. besides 和except的用法
except表示“同类中除此以外”而besides 表示“除……外，其他的也”
We all went to the park besides Mary. 除玛丽外，我们也都去了公园。
We all went to the park except Mary. 除玛丽外我们都去公园了。
except 与but 的意思相同，用法也相同，但but 后不能接从句。
We all went to the park except (but) Mary.
beside表示“在……旁边”如：
There is a tree beside the house. 房子旁边有一棵树。
9. pay attention to 注意
You should pay more attention to your pronunciation. 你应该多注意你的发音。
（四）追踪练习
I. Complete the sentences.
1. The girl ____________________________(告诉我消息的) is not here now.
2. The man ___________________________(在这屋子工作的)is a chemist.
3. Here is the pen ___________________________(你昨天丢失的) .
4. I have lost the watch _______________________(我父亲给我的).
5. The writing-brush (毛笔) _________________________(他拿走的) was mine.
6. The play _________________________(我们昨天晚上看的)was wonderful.
7. He lives in the room ______________________(窗户朝南开的).
8. Do you know the boy _______________________(他的腿从树上摔下来时摔断了).
9. This is the story of a man ______________________________(他的妻子突然失踪了).
10. A man brought in a small girl ____________________________(她的手被割破了).
II. Find out the mistake in each sentence and correct it.
1. This is the factory where we visited last week.
2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking.
3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
4. The house in that we live is very small.
5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible for plants to grow.
6. I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library.
7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.
8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.
9. Everything which we saw was of great interest.
10. His dog, that was now very old, became ill and died.
11. The reason which he didn’t go to school is that he was ill.
12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.
13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard.
14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors.
15. We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there.
16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.
17. That is the way which they work.
18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.
19. Who is the man who has white hairs?
20. I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea.
定语从句中关系代词that的特殊用法
引导定语从句的关系代词who, which有时可与that互换使用。但在下列情况下，一般只用that。
一、当先行词为不定代词anything, everything, nothing, any, little, one, few, much, all, none等时。如：a. There isn't much that I can do. b. He is one of the few that can work it out in five minutes.
二、当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。如：a. The book is the best that I have read. b. This is the biggest laboratory that we have ever built in our university.
三、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。如：a. It is the third one that I've bought. b. This is the first place that I've ever visited.
四、当先行词被the very, the only等词修饰时。如：a. Is this the very museum that you visited the other day? b. This is the only book that I need at present.
五、当先行词包含了人和事物两方面的含义时。如：They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
六、当先行词被same修饰，且指“同一事物”时。如：She is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday.
七、关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如：a. This is no longer the place that it used to be. b. He is not the man that he was.
八、当主句是以who, which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是who时。如：a. Which is the book that he bought yesterday? b. Who is the boy that is standing there.
I. Multiple choices.
1. I’m one of the boys ____ never late for school.
A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is
2. A child ____ parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. which B. his C. whose D. with
3. Read only such books ____ you can understand.
A. as B. that C. what D. than
4. He gave me more money ____ was required.
A. it B. which C. that D. than
5. We visited a factory ____ makes toys for children.
A. where B. which C. in which D. who
6. There is a mountain ____ the top is always covered with snow.
A. of that B. of which C. it's D. that
7. This is the only dictionary ____ he often turns to for help.
A. which B. that C. what D. one
8. The car ran over a dog and a boy ____ was just crossing the street.
A. who B. whom C. that D. which
9. My hometown is not the same ____ it used to be.
A. like B. as C. that D. which
10.I don't like ____ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which
11. The place ____ interested me most was the Children’s Palace.
A. which B. where C. what D. in which
12. That is the reason ____ he wasn’t here yesterday.
A. why B. which C. on which D. in which
13. That is the reason ____ he can’t say.
A. why B. that C. what D. in which
14. You have no idea ____ worried I was.
A. how B. however C. that D. where
15. The factory ____ his mother works is in the east of the city.
A. that B. which C. on which D. where
II. Translate the following sentences into English.
1、那个经常帮助我的女孩是我的同学。
_______________________________________________________________
2、我上星期看的那本书很有趣。
_______________________________________________________________
3、这就是打破了窗户的那个房间。
_______________________________________________________________
4、他正在给昨天栽的那些树浇水。
_______________________________________________________________
5、他拿走的那本杂志不是我的。
_______________________________________________________________
6、那个去年去世了父母的孩子现在和他的老师住在一起。
_______________________________________________________________
7、从我们身旁走过去的那个女青年是我们的化学老师。
_______________________________________________________________
8、我把父亲给我的那块表丢了。
_______________________________________________________________
III. Reading Comprehension.
Six people were traveling in a compartment (包厢) on a train. Five of them were quiet and well behaved(举止文明), but the sixth was a rude young man who was causing a lot of trouble to the other passengers.
At last this young man got out of the station with his two heavy bags. None of the other passengers helped him, but one of them waited until the rude young man was very far away, and then opened the window to him, “ You left something behind in the compartment!” Then he closed the window again.
The young man turned around and hurried back with his two bags. He was very tired when he arrived, but he shouted through the window, “ What did I leave behind?”
As the train began to move again, the passenger who had called him back opened the window and said, “ A very bad impression!”
1. Of the six passengers in the compartment ___.
A. five of them were rude and badly behaved
B. one of them was rude and badly behaved
C. five were always causing trouble on the train
D. only one was quiet and well behaved
2. When the rude young man got off the train ___.
A. he left his two bags behind
B. he was thrown out through the window
C. the other five passengers didn’t help him
D. one of the other passengers opened the window for him
3. The young man hurried back because ___.
A. he found he had left something on the train
B. he found he had left his bags on the train
C. he heard a passenger calling him by his name
D. he heard a passenger shouting to him that he had left something behind
4. The passenger who had called him back wanted
A. to punish him for his bad behavior
B. to have a word with him about his behavior
C. to help him with his behavior
D. to return him the things he had left on the train
Reference key for Periods 5-6
一、（二）
1.定语的2. 修饰 3. 先行词 4. （有）关系的 5. 代词 6. 副词 7.作用 8.表语
9. 定语 10.状语 11.从句 12.拥有
（三）1. I'll go with you as soon as I finish my work. 状语从句
2. These photographs will show you what our village looks like 宾语从句
3. This is the best dictionary that I've ever bought. 定语从句
4. The man who talked to you just now is an engineer. 定语从句
二、(一) 1. An attributive clause modifies a noun in the same way that an adjective or prepositional phrase does. The noun it modifies is called an antecedent.
2. Relative pronouns or relative adverbs introduce attributive clauses and they usually function as the subject, object, predicative, attribute or adverbial in the clause.
（四）I．1. who/that told me the news. 2. who/that works/is working in the house.
3.（which/that）you lost yesterday. 4.(which/that）my father gave（to）me.
5. (which/that) he took away. 6. (which/that) we watched last night.
7. whose window/the window of which faces (the) south.
8. who had his legs broken when falling off the tree / whose legs were broken when he fell off the tree.
9. whose wife disappeared suddenly
10. who had her hand cut / whose hand had been cut
II.1. where→that/which或去掉where。 2. 把for放在looking之后。
3. who→whom。 4. that→which。 5. that→which。
6. which→that或去掉which 7. which→that或去掉which 8. who→that
9. which→that或去掉which。 10. that→which。
11. which→why/which前加for或去掉which。
12. wants→want。 13. his→whose。 14. them→whom或both前加and。
15. 去掉there。 16. have→has。
17. which→that/which前加in或去掉which。 18. Those后加who。
19. 第二个who→that。 20. which→when或which前加in。
四、I.1-5BCADB 6-10.BBCBA 11-15 AABAD
II. 1. The girl who often helps me is my classmate.
2. The book (which / that)I read last week was very interesting.
3. This is the room whose window / the window of which is broken.
4. He is watering the trees (which / that were) planted yesterday.
5. The magazine (which / that) he took away isn’t mine / doesn’t belong to me.
6. The child whose parents died last year is now living with his teacher.
7. The young woman who just passed / walked by us is our chemistry teacher.
8. I’ve lost the watch (which / that) my father gave (to) me.
III.1-4 BCDA