主备人：周 萍
1. debate vi. 辩论，争辩，考虑，思考 debate sth./ doing sth.
①The government is debating the education laws. ___政府正在就教育法进行辩论.___
②__He was debating whether to go for a walk or to visit a friend
他在考虑去散步还是去访友。
n. 讨论，辩论会
①Who opens the debate? 谁先发言
②It is ___a___ __debate_ about ___the _______ _punishment___ for criminals.
这是一场关于惩治罪犯的争论。
beyond debate _无可争辩___ hold a debate _举行辩论会
a warm debate_激烈的辩论____ debate sth. with sb. __与某人争论某事
debate with oneself 仔细考虑，盘算
2. awful adj. 可怕的，威严的
①去年我们这里发生了一场可怕的地震。
__We had an awful earthquake here last year.___
②It will cost an awful lot of money. __这要花很多钱_______
3. flow vi. 流动，漂浮
①The Yalu River flows between China and Korea. ____鸭绿江介于中国和朝鲜之间
②我姐姐的长发自然地飘垂在背后。
__My sister’s hair flowed down her back._
n. 流动，流量，流畅
①There was a heavy flow of traffic on the road. __那条路上车水马龙.
②The government is trying to stop the increasing flow of refugees entering the country.
__政府正在设法阻止越来越多的难民流入中国
flow away __流走___________ flow from ___从…中产生__________
flow into __流入___________ flow down_流下____________
4. in addition 也，另外，加之 in addition to/besides 除……还
①There is, in addition, one further point to say. ___此外还有一点要说
②In addition to gene intelligence also depends on a good education and a decent home environment. __除了遗传基因外,智力的高低还取决于良好的教育和良好的家庭环境.
③此外，天气很糟 __In addition, the weather is very bad._______
5. lay vt. 产卵，下蛋，摆放，放置
①午饭好了，请摆设餐具。_Lunch is ready. Please lay the table.__
②这种动物在水中产卵。 ___This kind of animal lays its eggs in water.________________
lie, lay, lain, lying 躺，位于
lie, lied, lied, lying 撒谎
lay, laid, laid, laying 放置，产（卵）
Tom躺在床上向他的朋友撒谎说，他的母鸡昨天下了一个蛋。
__Tom , lying in bed lied to his friend, “My hen laid an egg yesterday.”__
③There is a ladder _lying___against the wall.
④She often complains that her hens don’t __lay______ well.
⑤__Lay______ the book where you took it.
⑥The boy often tells ___lies_____, so hardly anyone believes him.
6. approach vt. 接近，靠近 n. 方法，入口，通路
①圣诞节快到了。_The Christmas Day is approaching.__
②他是一个难以接近的人。_He is a man hard to approach._____
③该题有多种解法。 _The question has many approaches.__
7. beneficial adj. 有益的 be beneficial to 对……有益=be of benefit to
利益，好处，受益 v. 有益于 benefit from
① 好朋友对你一生有益。_A good friend is beneficial to you all your life__
② His words benefited me a lot. __他的话让我受益匪浅
③每天锻炼对我们有益。_We benefit from daily exercise___
8. concern v. 对……有重要性，在意
concern n. 关系， 关心 concerned adj. 关心的，担心的
show concern for 对表示关心
be concerned about/ for 为……担忧
be concerned with 与……有关
as far as sb. be concerned 就……而言
①He is greatly _concerned____ ____about____ his parents’ health.
②He wrote a report __concerning____ the accident.
③_As__ __for___ ___as____ cooking is _concerned___, none of us can match Tom.
9. responsibility n. 责任，职责 responsible adj. 负责的
be responsible for 为……负责任
take responsibility for 为……负责任
①我们既然已经是成年人了，就应该对自己的言行负责。
__Now that we are adults now, we should take responsibility for our words and deeds._
②谁将为这起事故负责？
_Who will bear/ take/ accept responsibility for the accident.__
10. run out of =use up用光，用尽 run into 偶遇
sth. run out run after 追逐
①I have run out of my ink.=My ink has __run_______ __out_______.
②不幸的是，还没到那儿，我们的车就没油了。
__Unluckily, we had run out of petrol before we got there.__
11. economy n. 经济 national economy 国民经济
economic adj. 经济的 economical adj. 节俭的，节约的
economics n. 经济学 economist n. 经济学家
12. environment n. 环境
environmental adj. 环境的，与环境有关的
environmentally adv. environmentalist 环境保护者
13. shock n. 撞击，使人震惊的事，电击
vt. 使……震惊
① Earthquake shocks are often felt in Japan. _在日本经常可以感觉出地震.__
② 他的死使全家人十分震惊。__His death was a great shock to the family.__
③ get a shock from a wire _碰着电线而触电.________
④ in shock 处于休克状态
⑤I was shocked by/ at his rudeness __我对他的粗鲁感到震惊.__
14. obvious adj. 明显的 It is obvious that +句子.
①很明显他错了。 __ It is obvious that he is wrong.
15. disappoint vt. 使……失望 disappointment n.
disappointing/ disappointed adj.
be disappointed at sth. / with / in sb.
a disappointed man __一个失意的人________________
a disappointing man __一个令人失望的人______
不要使我失望 ___Don’t disappoint me.____
同类词：surprise, puzzle, interest, excite, please, satisfy
16. arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留
arrest sb. for sth. under house arrest 软禁
be put/ held/ placed under arrest 被捕，在拘留中
17. range n. 范围 a (wide) range of 从……到各种种类
射程，航程 range from …to… 从……到……不等
①The shop keeps ____a wide range of goods__________.(商店里有种各样的商品)
②Her children’s ages range from 3 to 18.
__她的孩子的年龄从3到18不等.____
③The missile(导弹) has a range of 1200km. _射程达1200公里
18. rely on 依靠，信赖 reliable adj. ①rely on sb. to do sth.
②rely on one’s doing sth. ③rely on it that +句子
④rely on sb. for sth.
⑴你可以相信他一定会准时来到。
_You can rely on it that he must come here on tome.______
⑵我们可以相信玛丽，她不会告诉任何人。
_We can rely on Mary not to tell anyone.___
⑶Tom always relies on his wife for advice on clothes. Tom在穿着上总以来他旗子的指点. 19. appreciate doing __感激________________
There is no time remaining (left). __剩下的_________________________
under way _在进行中_________________ result in=lead to =cause
decrease 反increase in the form of _以…形式_________________
be willing to do __乐意的,自愿的______ open the floor __自由发言_ wipe out ___扫除,消灭_______________