1. Taking drugs can begin as a youthful experiment, but it often ends in a messy situation. (Page 46)
youthful: adjective
(1) having the qualities that are typical of young people:
At the time I admired his youthful enthusiasm.
She has very youthful skin.
(2) young:
A youthful president can be good for a country's morale.
messy: adjective
(1) untidy:
a messy kitchen
messy hands/hair
His bedroom's always messy.
(2) producing or causing dirt and untidiness:
Eating spaghetti can be a messy business.
Vicky cooks really well but she's rather messy.
(3) describes a situation that is confused and unpleasant:
A war will be a long and messy business.
They had a bitter, messy divorce.
2. Some people try them because they are curious. Others take drugs to rebel against their families or society. (Page 46)
rebel: verb [I] -ll-
(1) to fight against the government or to refuse to obey rules, etc:
The people rebelled against the harsh new government.
Jacob rebelled against his parents' plans for him and left school at the age of 16.
(2) to react against a feeling, action, plan, etc:
My poor sick stomach rebelled at the idea of any more food.
3. There are three main classes of drugs, each of which has a different effect on the body. (Page 46)
have an effect on 对……产生影响或效果。
The medicine had little effect on the old man.
这种药那位老人几乎没用。
The WTO agreements will have an strong effect on our national industry.
世贸组织的协议对我国民族工业将产生很大影响。
His speech produced a great effect on the listeners.
他的演说对听众产生了巨大的影响。
4. Some drugs may make people feel happy, while others can make users feel tired or seen things that are not really there. (Page 46)
while: conjunction
(1) compared with the fact that; but:
He gets fifty thousand pounds a year while I get a meager twenty!
Tom is very extrovert and confident while Katy's shy and quiet.
I do every single bit of housework while he just does the dishes now and again.
(2) despite the fact that; although:
While I accept that he's not perfect in many respects, I do actually quite like the man.
While I fully understand your point of view, I do also have some sympathy with Michael's.
高考链接：
1. _______ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like him. (江苏 2004)
A. While B. Since C. Before D. unless
答案：A
2. She thought I was talking about her daughter,_____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter. (95年高考题)
A. whom B. where C. which D. while
答案：D
5. Another class of drugs is often referred to as downers. (Page 46)
refer to sb/sth
(1) to talk or write about someone or something, especially briefly:
In her autobiography she occasionally refers to her unhappy schooldays.
He always refers to the house as his "refuge".
(2) If writing or information refers to someone or something, it relates to that person or thing:
The new salary scale only refers to company managers and directors.
(3)to look at, or tell someone else to look at, a book or similar record in order to find information and help:
She spoke for an hour without once referring to her notes.
He referred to a history book to find out the dates of the French Revolution.
The reader is constantly referred back to the introduction.
高考链接：
Once a decision has been made, all of us should ____ it. (2004 湖北)
A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to
答案：B
6. Alcohol is also classified as a downer, and although it is legal, it can damage the liver and do great harm if consumed in large quantities. (Page 46)
classify: verb [T]
to divide things into groups according to their type:
The books in the library are classified by/according to subject.
Biologists classify animals and plants into different groups.
consume: verb [T]
(1) to use fuel, energy or time, especially in large amounts:
Our high living standards cause our present population to consume 25 percent of the world's oil.
(2) to eat or drink, especially a lot of something:
He consumes vast quantities of chips with every meal
7. Punishments range from a small fine and a few days in prison to a large fine and the death penalty. (Page 47)
range verb [usually + adverb or preposition] the amount, number or type of something change between an upper and a lower limit:
Dress sizes range from petite to extra large.
Prices range between $50 and $250.
8. However this is a stain that can be removed. (Page 47)
remove verb [T]
(1) to take something or someone away from somewhere, or off something:
The men came to remove the rubbish from the backyard.
This detergent will remove even old stains.
It got so hot that he removed his tie and jacket.
They decided to remove their son from the school.
(2) to make a negative feeling disappear:
Hearing your opinion has removed my last doubts/suspicions about her.