Module 1 unit1
课标单词短语
attend 出席，参加
earn vt.获得；赚，挣得
respect n.＆vt. 尊敬，敬重
achieve vt.赢得，取得；实现，成就
grade n.学分；成绩；等级
literature n.文学
average adj.一般的，普通的；平均的
challenging adj.具有挑战性的
lunchtime n.午餐时间
e-mail vt.给……发电子邮件
for free 免费
extra adj.额外的，外加的
cooking n.做饭；烹饪，烹调
prepare vt.＆vi.准备
drop vt.放弃
miss vt.思念，想念
dessert n.(餐合的)甜点
field n. 运动场，操场
experience vt.经历，体验
article n.文章
penfriend n.笔友
introduce vt.介绍
immediately adv.立即，马上
former adj.从前的，以前的
recently adv.最近，近来
culture n.文化
develop vt.培养，养成
photograph n.照片，相片
donate vt.捐赠，捐献；赠予
gift n.赠品，礼物
display vt.陈列，展览
kindness n.善举；好意，善意
guest n.客人，来宾
speech n.演说，演讲，讲话
flat n.套房
attention n.注意，关注
pay attention to 注意
please vt.使满意，取悦
title n.（书的）名称；（文章的）韪目，篇名
dynasty n.朝代，王朝
cover n.（书的）封面；盖子
back cover (书的)封底
recent adj.新近的，最近的
professor n.教授
recent vt.＆vt.遗憾，抱歉；后悔，惋惜
inform vt.通知，告知
run vt.管理，经营
host n.主持人；主人，东道主
approve vt.＆vi.批准，通过；赞成
broadcast vt.＆vi.广播；播放
preparation n.准备，筹备
close adj.亲密的；靠近的
outing n.短途旅行，远足
continue vt.＆vi.继续，持续
poet n.诗人
generation n.一代，一代人
poem n.诗，诗歌
select vt.选择，挑选
require vt.要求
scary n. 自然，大自然
课文出现短语
1. at ease with
2. know of sb / sth
3. tell the differences between A and B
4. on (the) average
5. used to do sth
6. be happy with sth/ sb
7. for free
8. such as
9. encourage sb to do sth
10. introduce A to B
11. pass sth on (to) sb
12. be available for
13. far (away) from
14. make sure that
15. graduate from university
16. upon/ on doing
17. surf the internet
18. donate sth to sb
19. forget to do sth
20. inform sb of sth
21. prepare for
22. be responsible for
23. be made up of
24. consist of
25. come up with
26. tell sb about sth
27. sound like
28. word by word
29. drop some subjects
30. play on the school fields
31. e-mail sb
32. talk to sb about sth
33. prepare to do sth
34. thank sb for
35. invite sb to be/do
36. make a speech about
37. run a radio club
38. approve the idea
39. require sb to do st
一．单词应用
根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化。
1. Nobody knows when the project will be completed. Someone has to i_________ the boss of the progress of the work.
2. All students are r____________ to attend school assembly on Monday mornings.
3. -- What is Tom busy doing tonight?
-- He is making p______________ for tomorrow examination.
4. There is no student but wants to a___________ high grades.
5. As a young boy, he had to e________ a living because his family was very poor.
6. When we meet, we first s_________ poems that we love, and then read them out loud.
7. He i____________ himself to us. His name was John Smith.
8. He was so generous that he d_________ a lot of money to the flooded area.
9. British people eat lots of d__________ after their main meal.
10. In China, David Holmes d____________ an interest in teaching English to Chinese students.
11. Next month David will make a s___________ about his experiences in China.
12. Please pay more a___________ to spelling next time.
13. I __________ (后悔) not finishing my homework yesterday.
14. Do you ______________(赞成) of what I have done?
15. Our teacher ____________(展开) a map on the table.
16. I suggest he leave ________________(立即).
17. The _______________(平均的) age in our class is 17.
18. Yao Ming has earned _____________(尊敬)from all the world.
二．词形转换
1、achieve vt. _____________ (n.) 6. preparation n. ___________ (v.)
2、German n. _____________ (pl.) 7. require vt. ______________ (n.)
3、immediately adv. __________ (adj.) 8. scary adj. _______________ (v.)
4、develop vt. _____________ (n.) 9. nature n. _______________ (adj.)
5、inform vt. ______________ (n.) 10. please v. _______________ (n.)
三. 句型结构
1.__________________________________（到英国的高中上学）for one year was a very enjoyable and experienced for me.
2. 我认为保护环境的最佳方法是多种树。(the best way to do)
I think _________________________________________________________________.
3. 周末去公园野餐听起来像是个不错的主意。(sound like)
_______________ in the park at the weekend __________________________________.
4. 暑假他大部分时间都用来上网了。(spend ... doing)
He________ most of his summer holiday______________________________.
5. I found the homework waa not as heavy as___________________(我过去的作业量) in my old.
6. 经历了这不同方式的生活我很幸运。(be lucky to do)
I _________________________________________ this different way of life.
7. 一完成学业，他就开始在中国旅行。（每空一词）
1) _________ ___________ his studies, he began traveling in China.
2) _________ ___________ __________ _________ __________ his studies, he began traveling in China.
3) __________ ___________ __________ his studies, he began traveling in China.
4) Hardly ______ ________ _________ his studies _______he began traveling in China.
5) _________ _________ __________ _________ ___________ his studies than he began traveling in China.
8. 很遗憾地告诉你们我们的图书馆要关3天。(regret)
We ___________________________ that our library will be closed for three days.
9. 我们的俱乐部远远不只是音乐。(more than)
Our club __________________________ just music.
10. 每天早上老师公布答案。(read out)
Every morning the teacher ___________________________.
四. 语法应用
Task 1 Rewrite each pair of sentences, using the attributive clause.
1. This is the school. I studied in this school five years ago.
_______________________________________________________________________.
2. In this school there are about 30 foreign students. The foreign students have come to study the Chinese language.
_______________________________________________________________________.
3. These students like the school very much. Their parents have come to China for business.
_______________________________________________________________________.
4. The teaching building looks nice. The building was put up last year.
_______________________________________________________________________.
5. The man is the headmaster. The man is standing in front of the school library.
_______________________________________________________________________.
6. Next to him stands a girl. The girl’s name is Tina.
_______________________________________________________________________.
7. Tina likes reading the novels. The novels are written by Charles Dickens.
_______________________________________________________________________.
8. The club meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon. The members of the club are music fans.
_______________________________________________________________________.
9. Jack Chan is successful now. Life had once been very hard for him.
_______________________________________________________________________.
Task 2 Correct the mistakes if any.
1. The girl, her fastest 400 meters was 4 minutes 21.2 seconds, was an Olympic swimmer.
2. The audience gave warm welcome to those basketball stars whose they respected and loved.
3. Children can see much which is wrong in the lives of their parents, so parents have to always behave themselves.
4. The president wants to say something to the public which has not been said before.
5. Playing computer games cost the boy plenty of time he should have spent the time doing his lessons.
五． 单项选择
1. The most important thing _____ we should consider is the first idea ______ he has mentioned in the speech.
A. which; that B. that; which C. which; which D. that; that
2. The exciting day all the American basketball fans looked forward to _______ at last.
A. coming B. came C. come D. be coming
3. Jane: Whom would you like to talk with at the end of the lecture?
Mary: The lady _________ Miss White.
A. called herself B. we call C. being called herself D. is called
4. This is the very plan for the summer holiday _______ will be suggested by his cousin.
A. which B. that C. / D. it
5. Do you still remember the name of the factory _______ we visited last month?
A. where B. what C. which D. when
6. She is the only one among the women writers ________ comic books for children.
A. whom writes B. whom write C. who writes D. who write
7. The mobile phone ________ is made in Korea.
A. which I bought it last Saturday B. I bought it last Saturday
C. I bought last Saturday D. what I bought last Saturday
8. I’ll never forget the days ________ I stayed in your beautiful country.
A. when B. in which C. that D. FOR WHICH
9. September 18,1931 is the day ________ we’ll never forget.
A. that B. when C. on which D. on that
10. Is this the shop _______ sells children’s clothing?
A. which B. where C. in which D.what
11. The continent _______ I visited last year was not the one ______ I once worked.
A. which; where B. which; which C. where; which D. where; where
12. The reason _______ I’m writing to you is to tell you about a party on Saturday.
A. because B. why C. for D. as
13. That is the reason _______ he gave us for carrying out the plan.
A. because B. why C. when D. which
14. She had two daughters, _______ became doctors.
A. all of them B. all of whom C. both of them D. both of whom
15. The two things _______ they felt very proud were Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.
A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which
16. The magazine _______ Betty paid one dollar was very good.
A. that B. which C. for which D. to which
17. The old man _______ yesterday is a scientist.
A. I spoke B. I spoke to C. whom I spoke D. that I spoke to him
18. The house _______ roof was damaged has now been repaired.
A. who’s B. whose C. that D. of which
19. At noon they got to a hill, _______ stood a temple.
A. on the top of that B. on which the top
C. on the top at which D. on the top of which
20. Please put the magazines ________.
A. in which they were B. where they were
C. here you were D. here it was
六、Reading strategy
We skim a text when we want to get a general idea of what it is about. We look at the titles and headings, the first and last sentences of paragraphs and the first and last paragraphs as well as pictures and charts to guess what the text is about.
When we want to find certain information in a text quickly, we scan the text for key words and phrases, dates, numbers, etc. we do not need to read the whole text word by word.
七 课文复述
1、Passage A（Reading）
Going to a British high school for one year was a very e_____ and exciting experience for me, on the first day, all students went to a______ assembly, the headmaster told us that the best way to earn r______ from the school was to work hard and a_______ high grades. I found the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school. But it was a bit c _____for me at first because all the homework was in English , I felt lucky as all my teachers were very helpful and I enjoyed all my subjects. My English i_______ a lot as I used English everyday and spent an hour every day reading English books in the library. Students at that school have to study Maths, English, and science, but can d______ some subjects, I was very lucky to experience the different way of life and I really hope that someday I can go back and study in Manchester again.
2、Passage B Project
We have a radio club in our school, It is r______ by the students for the school, It was started two years ago as CD players were not allowed in school, so I asked the headmaster if music could be played during break time. He a________ the idea , Our club is much m_______ than just music, Every morning we tell students about the weather and recent news plus some special messages that the teachers want us to broadcast. During exam time we have a s_______ programme that tells students the things they should or shouldn’t do for preparation. When parents come to visit the school and talk to the teachers in the evening, we always play songs s______ by students and we also give special message to i_______ the parents of events such as outings and school plays. I’m graduating soon. I shall miss the radio club, but I know that it will c________ without me.
八.Writing
应用文(通知、海报)
奥运火炬将传递到你所在的城市。假如你是学校学生会主席，请你写一篇口头通知，广播通知全体学生。内容如下：
1. 明早8 点在操场集合，统一穿校服，整对前往人民广场参加欢迎仪式。
2. 各班做好欢迎准备：男生举彩旗；女生捧鲜花。
3. 在公共场合应表现得体。词数：150左右
九． 任务型阅读
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的词。
注意：每空一词。
In a society such as the United states or Canada, which has many national, religious, and cultural differences, people highly value individualism-the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize information. Instead, they work individually and find answers themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.
In most Asian societies, by contrast, the people have the same language, history, and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the Orient reflects society’s belief in group goals and purposed rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan, and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments. In the classroom, the teaching methods are often very formal. The teacher lectures, and the students listen. There is not much discussion. Instead, the students recite rules or information that they have memorized.
There are advantages and disadvantages to both of these systems of education. For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.
The advantage of the educational system in North American, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas. There is , however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from high school, they haven’t memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have..
Students in the US and (1)___________ Students in China, Japan and Korean
What do they value? (2)___________ (3)__________ goals and purposes
Ways of study working individually listening to the teachers
forming their own ideas and opinions memorizing and (4)___________
a lot of discussion in the classroom not much discussion
(5)________ Learning to think for themselves learning much more math and (6)________ by the end of (7)__________
studying more hours each day and more days each year
good for a society that values(9)___________ good for a society valuing (8)______ and self-control
disadvantages students haven’t memorized many basic rules and facts when before(10)_______ Information is forgotten easily
参考答案
一．单词
1.inform 2.required 3.preparations 4. achieve 5.earn 6.elect
7.introduced 8.donated 9.desserts 10.developed 11.speech 12.attention
13.regrettted 14.approve 15. displayed 16. immediately 17.average
18.respect
二．词形转换
1.achievement 2.Germans 3.immediate 4.development 5.information
6.prepare 7.requirement 8.scare 9.natural 10.pleasure
三 句型结构
1. Going to a British high school
2. the best way to protect the environment is to plant more trees
3. Going picnicking , sounds like a good idea
4. spent, (in/on) surfing the Internet
5. what I used to get
6. was very lucky to experience
7. Upon/On finishing / Having finished, As soon as he finished, Immediately he finished, had he finished, No sooner had he finished
8. regret to inform you
9. is much more than
10. reads the answers out
四．语法应用
1.her→whose 2.whose →whom 3.which→that 4.which→that 5.去掉the time
五. 单项选择
1-5 DBBBC 6-10 CCAAA 11-15ABDDB 16-20 CBBDB
七．课文复述
1.enjoyable attend respect achieve challenging improved drop
2.run approved more special sung inform continue
八. Writing
Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please? I’m very glad to tell you something important.
As we all know, the 29th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing this summer. Luckily, the Olympic torch is about to arrive in our city and we will hold a great welcoming ceremony at the People’s Square tomorrow morning. This is a great event for us and we must try our best to make it a success. So there are some things that we should pay attention to at the ceremony. We are asked to wear our school uniforms and line up on the school playground at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning. Boys will hold colored flags and girls will carry flowers in both hands. Please get well prepared for the ceremony. As students, we should behave ourselves in public.
That’s all. Thank you.
九．任务型阅读
1. Advantages 2. quicker 3. CD-quality 4. updated 5. easier 6. map
7. communication 8. testing 9. trial 10. late
Module1 unit2
课标单词短语
act n. (戏剧的)一幕 vi. 表现；行动
curtain n. 窗帘；（舞台上的）幕布
surprise vt. 使吃惊，使惊奇
be supposed to 应该……，应当……
bend vi.＆vt. 弯腰，屈身；（使）弯曲
touch vt. 触摸；接触
do with 处理，处置
explain vt.＆vi. 解释，说明
mess n. 混乱，杂乱，一团糟
sink n. 水泥，水槽，洗碗池
garbage n. 垃圾
can n. 罐子，金属容器
leave vt. 使……处于某种状态，听任
charge n. 负责，掌管
adult n.成年人
reason n. 原因，理由
trust vt. 信任
unpunished adj. 免受惩罚的
teenager n. (13-19岁的)青少年
fault n. 过错，错误
go out (灯)熄灭
mad adj. 狂怒的；疯狂的
not ... anymore 不再，再也不
hard adj. 苛刻的，严厉的
be hard on 对……苛刻，对……要求严格
now that 既然；由于
rude adj. 粗鲁的，无礼的
punish vt. 惩罚
explanation n.解释，说明
cash n.现金
boring adj.令人厌倦的，乏味的，无聊的
mark n.分数；标志，记号
test n.＆vt.混合；混淆，弄混
mix up 混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和
score n.＆vt.使……感兴趣
silly adj.愚蠢的
sincerely adj.真诚地
as though 好像，似乎
insist on 坚持，坚持认为
cafe n.咖啡馆，小餐馆
Internet cafe 网吧
chat vt.＆n.聊天，闲谈
valuable adj.时间段，时期，阶段
at present 目前，当前
argument n.争论，辨论；论点，论据
freedom n.自由
relationship n.关系
mainly adv.主要地；大体上
suggest vt.建议；暗示，使想起
fight vi.争吵，争论；打架，争斗
crazy adj.发疯的，疯狂的
like crazy 发疯似地，拼命地
spare adj.空闲的；多余的
selfish adj.自私的
unloving adj.缺乏爱心的
forbid vt.禁止
Truly adv.真诚地；真实地
课文出现短语
1. turn up
2. a waste of time
3. try to do sth
4. force sb to do sth
5. spend time (in) doing sth
6. be supposed to do sth
7. in charge
8. shout at
9. give sb a chance to do sth
10. deserve to do sth
11. instead of
12. be hard on sb
13. now that
14. be rude to sb
15. feel like doing sth
16. be different from sth
17. in the form of
18. pay attention to
19. think of
20. search…for
21. a little bit
22. be proud of
23. stay up
24. mix up…with
25. ask for sth
26. stop doing sth
27. mean to do sth
28. keep in mind
29. tidy up
30. be angry with
31. clean up
32. a bit of
33. at all
34. invite sb to do sth
35be busy with sth
36. used to do sth
37. be used to do sth
38. be .used to doing sth
39. refuse to do sth
40. as though
41. insist on
42. prevent sb from doing sth
43. forbid sb from doing sth
44. argue about sth with sb
45. allow sb to do sth
46. do with
47. go out
48. not…any more
49. after all
50. at present
51. like crazy
52. choose…from
53. can’t wait to do sth
54. go unpunished
55. should have done sth
56. be nervous about sth
57. all the time
58. get sth done
59. at the moment
60. miss doing sth
61. advise sb to do sth
62. make a bit of difference
63. be fit for
64. ask to do sth,
65. happen to sb
一．单词应用
根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化。
1. The football fans went c_______ when their team scored the first goal .
2. Bob and his family are on v_________ ;they have gone to Hawaii.
3. Anyone who breaks the window will be p___________.
4. He got the lowest s________ in the exam in his calss.
5. The teacher gave a clear e___________ on the use of the wood.
6. The room was in quite a m_________ when mother was away on holiday .
7. Tom ,don’t be so s__________ . You should learn to share.
8. The 21st Century has a c_________ called Sports and Entertainment .
9. A good r______ between parents may have a great effect on their children.
10. We are quite surprised at that man’s strange b__________.
根据汉语意思写出单词
1. You ______ ________ ______ ( 应该)finish yourhomework before 9 p.m.
2. How will you ________ ________ ( 对付 ) the difficult problem ?
3. The whole company will be _____ ____ ______ ( 由我负责) when manager is away
4. We were talking about happily when suddenly the lights _____ _____ .(熄灭 )
5. Now children like computer ,__________ ( 尤其) they like playing games
6. A ____________ (摄影师 ) is taking pictures in our school
7. In Africa many children _________ (挨饿 ) to death every year
8. Do you know the present ________ (情形 ) in the country ?
9. Now people often _________ (抱怨 ) the increasing price of house
10. Teachers should always ________ (提醒 ) students of wrong words in writing .
二．词形转换
1、argue v.---_____(n.) 6、act n.＆vi.---_____(n.)_____(adj.)
2、value n.---_____(adj.) 7、selfish adj.---_____(反)
3、punish v.---_____(n.) 8、true adj. ---_____(adv.)
4、explain v.---_____(n.) 9、expect v.---_____(n.)
5、behave v.---_____(n.) 10、surprised adj.---_____(n.＆v.)
三. Fill in the blank according to the given phrases
be hard on turn up deal with as though mix up be supposed to be
in charge of not…any more can’t wait to like crazy
1. I __________ the whole factory next week when the director is away
2. He broke grandpa’s vase , but he acted __________ nothing had happened
3. I am not going to have you __________ the hard situation
4. Tom started at 7 , and he ________________ in school now
5. I was expecting Mary at 7:00 sharp, but she did not ______.
6. Liu Dehua is coming to Huaian . I _______________ to see him .
四.语法 “介词+关系代词”
in( over , about ,through ,with , for) which ( whom ).etc .
1. The dictionary _____ ______ so many pages are missing is useless .
2. This is the boy ______ ______ we have to say “Thank you”.
3. I have not met Mr Wang , the son ______ ______ is my English teacher .
4. The old couple _____ ______ I lived in Abington were very nice to me
5. That was the period ______ ______ my cousin stayed in my home .
6. The building _______ _______ we held the meeting last year has been pulled down .
7. We are reading a book _______ ______ there are a lot of mistakes
8. John , ________ _______ we talked yesterday , is from Canada .
9. The big fire ,_______ _____ about 40 people died , lasted about 4 hours .
10. Lu Xun has written many famous stories ,_______ ______ this is only one example .
五. 改错
1. The twins and I went to the park yesterday . Three of us had a good time there .
2. Little Jack felt a bit sick , so his mother sent him to the bed early .
3. I have some problems to find his home
4. The teacher said that either you or I were to clean up the classroom
5. You should keep it in your mind that hard work leads to success.
6. I didn’t think my mum missed to talk with me
7. What suggestions would you like to give ?
8. My car is broken . I am going to have it repair in a garage .
9. I didn’t even have a piece of paper with which I could write the address .
10. Lei Feng did a lot good of good deeds , for which this is only one example .
六:句子翻译
1. 我准备让女儿在英国接受教育（have sb done）
2. 既然一切都准备好了，就请留下来和我们一起吃饭吧（now t hat ）
3. 这里空气干燥，就让门开一会儿吧（leave ）
4. 你打算如何处理那个考试作弊的学生？（do with）
5. 看上去天似乎要下雨，我们赶紧回家吧。（as though ）
六.单项选择
1. How much does that ?
A. add B. add up C. add to D. add up to
2. get a good seat, he set out early after supper.
A. In order to B. So that C. So as to D. In order that
3. You come to his office. Our boss won’t be back until next week.
A. haven’t to B. won’t have got to C. haven’t got to D. don’t have got to
4. This novel was concerned the Second World War, while most teenagers are more concerned the hero’s love story.
A. with ; for B. with ; with C. for ; about D. about ;with
5. He came here to discuss it with you.
A. on purpose B. by chance C. for purpose D. on design
6. I won’t allow you to make the trip alone, even if you do it.
A. dare B. dared C. daring D. dares to
7. The policeman asked with the old women.
A. what the matter was B. what was the matter
C. what matter was D. what was the wrong
8. During the war, he much pain.
A. is suffered B. suffered C. was suffered D. was suffered from
9. She couldn’t her words by the students.
A. get…understanding B. get…understood
C. get… to understand D. make…understand
10. As the project at the meeting, it drew our attention.
A. comes up B. was came up C. came up D. had been come up
11. it rains tomorrow, we’ll start out.
A. If B. As if C. Even if D. Even
12. The project was so tough that workers didn’t complete it on time even the famous engineer’s direction.
A. in B. under C. to D. with
13. The examination was very easy. , our monitor didn’t pass it.
A. In other words B. What’s more C. Believe it or not D. all the same
14. I wanted to send my present to my teacher, so I called on her.
A. especial ; especially B. special; especially
C. special; specially D. especially; specially
15. Last night Li Ping watched the football match at my home, so he in his office.
A. needn’t have worked B. mustn’t haven’t worked
C. shouldn’t have worked D. couldn’t have worked
16. Can you make sure _________ the gold ring?
A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put
C. A. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put
17. Will you fetch me a ________ of today’s evening paper in a minute?
A. series B. set C. couple D. copy
18. It was ________ late to catch a bus after the party; therefore er called a taxi.
A. too very B. much too C. too much D. far
19. I was so excited as to ________ for the whole night.
A. hold awake B. stay awake C. hold wake D. stay wake
20. We were going out for a walk ________ it began to rain.
A. while B. before C. as D. when
21. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week ______ TV.
A. to watch B. to watching C. watching D. watch
22. ---Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?
---_______. I love getting close to nature.
A. I couldn’t agree more B. I’m afraid not
C. I believe not D. I don’t think so
23. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ______as 3M.
A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known
24. There are two buildings, _______ stands nearly a hundred feet high.
A. the larger B. the larger of them
C. the larger one that D. the larger of which
25. I’ll show you a store ______ you may buy all _____ you need.
A. where; which B. in which; that C. which; that D. that; that
26. In Britain, ______ are called “private schools” are not owned by privates at all.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
七、Reading strategy
Reading a play
Most of the text is in the form of a dialogue. This is because plays are written to be spoken aloud. Writers use different styles of speech. To really understand a play, you should read the dialogue aloud. Remember to pay attention to the instructions.
八、课文复述
1、Passage A（Reading）根据课文内容填词
Mom: Daniel, I need to talk to you about your ______. Dad and I realize there is probably an for why the house is so dirty, but you shouldn’t have run out of the room and slammed the ___ like that.
Daniel: Mom, I’m sorry, but I was so angry! You want me to act like an______ but you and Dad treat me like a child. Why didn’t you just ask me what had happened?
Mom: Well, I know that grown-ups are ______ to make good _____ but sometimes we make mistakes. We were angry too. None of us stopped to think and we should have. Can you explain to me now what you did with the cash we left?
Daniel:______ was sick ,Mom., Eric and I didn’t want to call you and Dad on your ____,so I used the ___you left and some of my own to take him to the ____.We stayed there and ____ for him all day. That is why we didn’t have time to clean the house.
2、Passage B（Project）
I read your _______ every month and I love your ‘Teenagers Now’ _____.I myself am a teenager and have some problems at home.
Whenever I want to do something or _______ an idea, he doesn’t listen to me. Whenever I try to talk to him, he just me. When I ______ to listen to him, the two of us even _____ like crazy.
He and my mother always make me do things I don’t like such as _____ the piano and ____Japanese. When I want to be alone, they call me ______ and ____.
My father gets very angry when I play _____ music. He has even _____ me from meeting my friends online at the Internet cafe.
I love him a lot, but I don’t _____ why he will not ____ the things I want to do.
九、Writing
假如你是济南某中学的高三学生李华，你于2007年5月18日收到了美国笔友Stella发来的一封电子邮件，请你仔细阅读她的邮件并回复邮件给她。
注意：1．邮件的内容必须包括对方想要了解的全部情况；
2．谈一下你对自己所处现况的看法；
3．词数：120-150词。
From : stella@tom.com
To： Lihua007 @126.net
Forward :
Subject : Tell me about your school life
Sent : Friday , May 18th, 2007 , 10:30 AM
Dear Li Hua ,
Glad to hear from you last Friday . From your letter I’ve learned a lot about Jinan . Great changes have taken place in Jinan in the past few years . It must be more beautiful than it used to be . I’m expecting to visit it sometime in the near future .
Now, I’m eager to know something about your school life , especially about what you usually do after class . I will be delighted if you can tell me something about it .
I am looking forward to your reply .
With best wishes .
Yours ever ,
Stella
From ： Lihua 007 @126.net To： stella@tom.com
Subject： Tell me about your school life Sent: Friday, May 19th , 2007, 10:30 AM
Dear Stella ,
I was very glad to receive your e-mail on May 18th , 2007. At your request , I’ll tell something about my school life .
I’ll appreciate it if you can tell me something about your school life as well. I’m looking forward to it .
With best regards .
Yours ever ,
Li Hua
Ⅳ. 任务型阅读
阅读短文，在文章后的表格每空中填一个恰当的词,每空一词。
Third-generation mobile phones, known as 3G, are the next big step for the telecom industry. Date speed in 3G networks is much quicker than that in present technology. This means users can have high-speed Internet access and enjoy video and CD-quality music on their phones.
“Mobile data is not a dream; it’s not an option but a requirement,” said Len Lauer, head of a US communications company, Sprint PCS, at a 3G conference in Bangkok earlier this month.
With 3G, you can forget about text messages telling you yesterday’s news; a 3G phone can receive video news programs, updated four times a day. Internet access will also be much quicker, making it easier to surf the Web on your phone than on your computer at home.
Face-to-face video calls
Don’t worry about getting lost, 3G phones offer map services so you can find a new restaurant just by pressing a few keys on your handset.
However, the most impressive part of 3G technology is video calling. With live two-way video communication, you can have face-to-face talks with friends and family on your mobile phone.
Many European countries have already launched the service. In May 2000 the US Government issued five license to run 3G wireless services, while the first 3G phones arrived in Italy in March this year.
International telecom companies can’t wait to sell 3G in China, the world’s largest mobile telecommunications market. But they will have to be patient. At the moment, China is busy testing its 3G-based technologies, networks and services. This will be followed by a trial period before the phones can finally hit the shops.
“We need to create a pool of 3G customers before the large-scale commercial launch of the service,” said Fan Yunjun, marketing manager for Beijing Mobile. “We expect that the 3G licenses will be issued late next year.”
Third-generation mobile phones (3G mobile phones)
(1)______________ a. Date speed: (2)____________ than present technology
b. Video and (3)________ music
c. Video news programs: (4)__________ four times a day
d. Internet access: quicker and (5)___________
Impressive functions a. Offer (6) ___________ services, helping you find your way
b. Provide two-way video (7) ___________
3G phones in China a. China is busy (8) ___________ its 3G-based technologies, networks and services.
b. 3G phones should go through a (9) ___________ period before being put into market.
c. 3G phones are expected to be seen (10) ___________ next year.
参考答案：
一 . 单词应用
根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化。
1. crazy 2.vacation 3.punished 4.score 5.explanation 6.mess 7. selfish
8.column 9.relationship 10.behavior
根据汉语意思写出单词
1. are supposed to 2.deal/ do with 3.in (the) charge of / in my charge
4. went out 5.especially 6. photographer 7.starve 8.situation
9. complain 10.remind
二．词形转换
1、argument 2、valuable 3、punishment 4、explanation 5、behavior 6、action；active
7、selfless 8、truly 9、expectation 10、surprise
三．选词填空
1. will be in charge of 2 .as though 3.deal with 4. is supposed to be 5.turn up
6. can’t wait
四．语法
1. in which 2.to whom 3.of whom 4.with whom 5.in/during which 6.in which
7. in which 8.with/ to whom 9.in which 10.of which
五．改错
1.在three 前加the 2.去掉the 3.to 改为in 4. 将were 改为was
5.去掉your 6.将to talk 改为talking 7.将give改为make
8.将repair 改为repaired 9.将with 改为in 10.将good去掉，for改为of
六．句子翻译
1. I’ll/am going to have my daughter educated in Britain.
2. Now that all is ready, please stay and let’s have a meal.
3. The air here is dry. Leave the door open for a while.
4. What will you do with the student who cheated in the exam?
5. It looks as if /though it will rain. Let’s go back quickly.
七．单项选择
1-5 DACAA 6-10 ABBBC 11-15 CBCCD 16-20 CDBBD 21-26 CABDBC
八．课文复述
1. behavior explanation door adult supposed decisions Spot vacation
money vet waited
2. magazine column suggest shouts at refuse fight playing learning
selfish unloving foreign forbidden understand respect
九.writing
Dear Stell,
I was very glad to receive your e-mail on May 18th , 2007. At your request , I’ll tell something about my school life .
This year , I’m in Senior 3 and I have six subjects to learn every day . School hours usually begin at 7:10. a m. and end at 6:00 p.m. As you can see , we are making full use of every minute preparing for the coming NMET. Though time is precious , I try to do some sports or do some reading in the school library after class . Sometimes I even go to join the School English Corner , where I can practise oral English with some foreign teachers and other students .
In my opinion , “Work while you work , play while you play”, which is the way to be cheerful and gay. Only in this way can we guarantee the efficiency of our learning . On the other hand , it is time our government thought about our education reform to make sure that every student learns happily and efficiently at school .(158 words)
I’ll appreciate it if you can tell me something about your school life as well. I’m looking forward to it .
With best regards .
Yours ever,
Li Hua
十．任务型阅读
1. Canada 2. individualism 3. group 4. information 5. advantages
6. science 7. high-school 8. discipline 9. creativity 10. graduation
Module 1 Unit 3
一．课标单词
gym n.健身房；体育馆
work out 锻炼
stay vi.保持
slim adj.苗条的，纤细的
figure n. 体形，身材
weight n.体重；重量；杠铃片
ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧的
since conj.因为；既然
weight-loss adj.减肥的，瘦身的
exercise vi.锻炼，运动
work vi.起作用，有效果，奏效
recover vi.痊愈，恢复健康vt.重新获得，恢复
failure n.衰退，衰竭；故障，失灵
contain vt.包含；容纳
chemical adj./ n. 化学物质；化学药品operation n.手术
exact adj.精确的，准确的
match n.相配的人或物，配对物
vt.＆vi.匹配，相称
follow vt.遵循，遵守，依照
advice n.建议，忠告
seldom adv.很少，不常，难得
damage vt.＆n.损害，伤害
attractive adj.有吸引力的，有魅力的
touching adj.动人的，感人的
stranger n.陌生人
embarrassed adj.尴尬的，不好意思的，难为情的
pressure n.压力
actress n.女演员
overweight adj.肥胖的，体重超标的
diet n.节食；日常饮食vi.节食，控制饮食
properly adv.适当地，合适地，合理地
skinny adj.极瘦的，皮包骨的
lift vt.举起
consider vt.考虑
effect n.效果，作用；影响
side effect 副作用
fall out （头发等）脱落
affect vt.影响
sportsman n.运动员
achievement n.成就
risk n.＆vt.冒险
put on weight 体重增加
recognize vt.认出，识别；认可，公认
energy n.能量
regularly adv.定期地，有规律地，经常
along with 连同……，随同……
regular adj.定期的，有规律的，经常的
in the long term从长远角度看
yet adv.然而，可是
control vt.＆n.控制
system n.系统
skin n.皮肤
count vi.算数，有效
relaxed adj.放松的，轻松的
ability n.能力
concentrate vt.＆vi.集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注
amount n.量，数量
loss n.丢失，损失
suggestion n.建议
in no time 立刻，很快
课文出现短语
1. feel good
2. put on weight
3. discuss the questions below
4. be dying to do sth
5. in no time
6. make sb look slimmer
7. get enough sleep
8. stay healthy
9. work out
10. do exercise
11. cause sb to do sth
12. worry about
13. hear from sb
14. used to do sty
15. three times a day
16. not…any more
17. another way to do sth
18. a slim figure
19. lose weight
20. be ashamed of
21. act in a TV play
22. at least
23. in the last two months
24. concentrate on
25. go on diets
26. change one’s appearance
27. keep oneself looking good
28. be ashamed of
29. side effect
30. fall out
31. in secret
32. follow one’s advice
33. as a matter of fact
34. along with
35. come across
36. in the long term
一 ．单词应用
根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化。
1. You must s_____________ calm when something happens suddenly.
2. The box _____________ 110 pounds.
3. She is a____________ to tell others that she didn’t pass the exam.
4. In order to lose w____________, you’d better take more e____________.
5. The book is very valuable. In fact, it is a p____________ book.
6. F___________ is the mother of success.
7. This is a good book c___________ 12 educational stories.
8. No new matter is produced. It doesn’t belongs to a c__________ change.
9. Your shoes doesn’t m________ your beautiful coat.
10.If I had f___________ your suggestion, I wouldn’t be in trouble now.
11.The topic is about women’s s__________ matter. They are all very fat.
12.The actress is smart. She is an a___________ woman.
13.To my great e_______________, I didn’t bring any money when I was going to pay those things.
14.His parents should put p____________ on his son.
15.Everyone was moved to tears. What a t_____________ story.
16.The climate a__________ the amount of the rainfall.
17.Everyone! You must c_____________ on your study if you want to make great progress.
18.This kind of failure is mainly due to the improper education s____________.
19.When we lost our way, we were all at a l_________.
20.She is angry because her naughty boy is out of c_______________.
21.The ____________ (数字) show that the price of meat is going up fast.
22.His mother asked him not to play computers games, but it didn’t ________(起作用)
23.He ___________ （恢复）from the illness.
24.Do you know the number of the students in your school? Not _________ (确切地), about 6,000.
25.The doctor is _____________ (做手术) on the patient.
26.Please give me a piece of ____________ (建议).
27.Don’t feel _______________ (不好意思的)， you can make yourselves at home.
28.I am ___________ (考虑) changing my job.
29.He was brave enough. He ___________ (冒险) losing his job to raise objections.
30.Coal and gas are forms of natural ___________ (能量).
31. On the phone I didn’t ____________ (know, recognize) your voice.
二．词形转换
1. weight n. _________________ v. 6. actor n. ________________（女演员）
2. price n. _________________ adj. 7. consider vt. _________________n.
3.exact adj.________________(反) 8. energy n. _________________adj.
4. attractive adi._________________ 9. pressure n._________________v.
5. skin n. __________________ adj. 10. lose v.__________________n.
三 ．句型结构
1. used to , be used to doing, be used to do
My father ____________ have a walk after supper, but now he likes watching TV.
The knife _________________ cut cakes
I ___________________ English evry morning.
A. used to listen to B. used to listening to
C. am used to listening to D. am used to listen
2. until
My computer was broken so I couldn’t read your two e-mails ______ today.
I didn’t finish my homework until my mother came back from work.
He kept waiting me for two hours until I finished my work.
We didn’t realize the importance of our environment until it was seriously polluted. (改为强调句型)
It was ________________________that we ______________ the importance of our environment.
3. at all, first of all, above all, in all, after all
_____________ it is a ball, you’d better wear your most beautiful clothes.
A: Are you tired after the trip?
B: _______________. I hardly walk on.
A. Not at all B. a little C. Not a little D. a bit
4. so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语
He can speak English, ______ _______ I
I have been to Beijing, _______ ________ he.
We don’t go to work today, __________ _________ Tom.
He doesn’t like music, __________ ________ he care.
Tom is a good student and he does well in his studies. _____ _____ _______ _____ ______ John. (_____ _____ _____ ______ John)
四．翻译句子
1.Walking and riding your bike count, and ________________(学校运动也有效)
2.After taking this kind of pill for some time, your friend’s hair might______（脱落） or he might have health problems,_______________(其中的一些健康问题) may even affect his lives or heart.
3.他的衣服的颜色和领带不相配
The color of his coat _______ _______ ______ ______ his shoes.
4.此刻我感到尴尬的
I feel ______________ at this moment.
5.这种新型的药对人体没有副作用。
This new kind of medicine ______ ______ _______ _______ human’s bodies.
6.那个教授每天早上进行锻炼
The professor ________ _______ every morning.
7.你能解出这道难题吗？
Can you ______ _______ this problem?
8.我们把我们的成就归功于我们党的明智的领导。
We owe our _____________ ______ the wise ____________ of our party.
9.重要的是不是你来自哪里而是你学了什么。
_____ ____ not where you are from but ____ you have learned _____ _______
10.那个老人幸福地死了。 The old man _______ ________.
11. 如果你想减肥就必须节食。
If you want to _____ _______, you must ______ ________ _______.
五．语法练习
1. This is the only book ___ I want to read.
A. which B. that C. what D. as
2. The problem ______ has been completely settled.
A. which you thought B. that you thought
C. about which you thought it D. that you thought about
3. Who is the man ______ is talking with John?
A. which B. who C. what D. that
4. Is this the shirt ______ he often wears?
A. whom B. whose C. what D. that
5. Is this shirt_______ that he often wears?
A. which B. the one C. what D. that
六. 单项选择
1. --My brother is not good at speaking English.
--I suggest ______ English for two hours every day.
A. he practise speaking B. him to speak
C. he speaking D. his practicing to speak
2. The music, which used to _____ before the important meeting, has now been changed.
A. play B. playing C. be played D. being played
3. The children are _____ into 4 groups and each group will have a ____ room to live in.
A. divided; separated B. separated; divided
C. divided; separate D. separated; separate
4. Some of the passengers told the reporters about their _____ in the burning train.
A. details B. trips C. events D. experiences
5. I remember that _____ took part in the party had a wonderful time.
A. all B. all that C. all which D. all what
6. As the final examinations were just around the corner, all the students in our class _____studying till midnight.
A. put up B. kept up C. stayed up D. remained up
7. -How does the plan sound to you? -_________.
A. Very well B. Differently C. Wonderful D. Possibly
8. The band’s singer, _______ was Jeff Hyman, died of cancer in 2001.
A. the name B. whose name C. her name D. what her name
9. How long does your mother usually spend _______ a big dinner.
A. to prepare B. to prepare for C. preparing for D. preparing
10. I can’t forget the persons and the things ______ I met in my former company.
A which B who C that D whom
11. ____ puzzled the police most was how the murderer had been dead.
A. which B. who C. that D. what
12. The pen, ______ I paid 2 dollars, was lost.
A. which B. that C. for which D. to which
13. Hearing his traveling ________, I knew that he was an ________traveler.
A. experiences, experienced B. experience, experience
C. experiences, experiencing D. experience, experienced
14. ------I regret ______you John has been fired.
------I can hardly believe my ears. He’s such a fine worker.
A. telling B. having told C. to tell D. to have told
15. Could you please explain _______in a simple way?
A. me the problem B. me to the problem
C. the problem to me D. the problem with me
七、Reading strategy
Understanding sentences with ‘however’ or ‘but’
You may come across ‘however’ or ‘but’ between two sentences while you’re reading. When you seen these two words, you can guess that the following sentence will say something different to what has just been expressed. An example of ‘however’ is ‘ I’ve lost 7kg in the last two months. However, sometimes I feel tired and weak.’ (line10-11) An example of but is ‘but’ is ‘ I’m so sorry to hear about your problems, but I’m glad you’re feeling better and are recovering.’ (lines 34-35) A good rule to help you understand better is : the feeling expressed before ‘however’ or ‘but’ and the feeling after them are usually opposite.
八．复述课文
1、Passage A（Reading）
Dying to be thin
Today we read a passage about “___1____ to be thin”. It was about a Canadian actress who had to go to hospital because she took some ____2_____ pills. She lost 7kg in 2months. However, the pills contained something that causes liver ___3____ , so she had to get a new liver. A young Chinese man ____4_____ more than half of his liver ___5______ save her life.
Recently, my cousin learned about a new weight-loss pill and she really wants to try it. I’ve told her the story of the ____6____ , but she won’t listen. She’s only 12, but has become a girl who is worried about her ____7___ and how she looks. She often refuses to eat. My aunt is worried that my cousin will buy the pills ___8__ ___9____. She says health is ____10___ . She thinks that children must eat properly as they are growing all the time. What do you think I should do? How can I help my cousin?
2、Passage B（Project）
Nowadays teenagers live very busy lives and often forget to think about their diets and exercise. Healthy eating along with regular exercise is the only way to 1 __ __2__. Diets can only work __3__ ___4__ __5__ ___6__ , yet 19% of the teenagers say they have tried dieting and skipping meals to control their weight! If you ___7___ meals, you don’t get enough calories and then you may feel tired. 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink 6 to 8 glasses of water to improve your skin and give you healthy hair. If you can ___8__ __9___ the correct number of calories and exercise regularly, you will feel better, look better and have more energy.
Exercise can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Walking and riding your bike count, so do school sports. When you exercise, your body produces some chemicals that make you feel relaxed and increase your ability to concentrate when you study. These chemicals can even help you sleep better at night.
A good amount of sleep every night is also important for your health. As a matter of fact, loss of sleep can make you look tired, and even cause you to___10__ __11___ weight.
If you follow the suggestions ____12__, you will look and feel much better__13__ __14__ __15__ at all!
九、Writing an e-mail
假如你是李明，你班同学获悉江苏省委、省政府提出“高中学生在校集中学习时间不得超过八小时”的要求后，对如何支配由此增加的校外时间展开了讨论。请你根据下列表格所示内容，用英文写一封电子邮件，向你的英国朋友John介绍相关情况。
活 动 目 的
读书 获取知识
上学深造
上网 收集信息
交流思想
锻炼 强身健体
打工 接触社会
学会独立
你的打算及目的
（内容由考生自己拟定，不得重复上列内容）
注意：1．对所给要点，不要简单翻译，要有适当发挥；
2．词数150。电子邮件中已写好了的部分，不计入词数。
十．任务型阅读
阅读下面的文章，根据语篇内容，用恰当的词完成题后表格中所缺单词。(每格限填一词)
An Event of Imagination
The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth.
On 17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth's atmosphere with a massive explosion.
About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the seabed. Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.
Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina.
Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Mountains. The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes. Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north won't escape for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, and temperature around the world falls to almost zero. Crops are ruined. The sun won't be seen again for many years. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later, no more than 10 million remain alive.
Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. The dinosaurs (恐龙) were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space. The dinosaurs couldn't live through the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?
请根据以上文章，完成下列表格：
Reasons Results
One piece hits the South Atlantic at 200 times 1 2 the speed of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the seabed. A tsunami(海啸) hits southern Africa, 3 cities on the African coast, and 4 millions of people.
A 5 6 happens when the four-kilometer-wide piece of comet enters the Earth's 7 . The sun is hidden by clouds of dust and the temperature falls to almost zero, 8 crops. Wars break out for food and only 10 million people remain. The human beings are 9 the danger of 0 out.
参考答案
一．单词应用
1 stay 2 weighs 3 ashamed 4 weigh, exercise 5 priceless 6 Failure
7 containing 8 chemical 9match 10 followed 11slimming 12attractive
13 embarrassment 14 pressure 15 touching 16 affects 17 concentrate
18 system 19 loss 20 control 21 figures 22 work/help 23 (has)recovered
24 exactly 25 operating 26 advice 27 embarrassed 28 considering
29 risked 30 energy 31recognise
二．词形转换
1.weigh 2. priceless 3.inexact 4.unattractive 5.skinny 6.actress
7. consideration 8.energetic 9. press 10.loss
三．句型转换
1. used to, is used to, C
2. until, not until it was seriously polluted, realised, After all, C
3. so can, so has, neither /nor does, nor does
4. It is the same with (So it is with)
四．翻译句子
1. So do school sports 2. fall out, some of which 3. doesn’t match that of
4.embarrassed 5.has no side effect on 6. works out /takes exercise
7.work out 8. achievements to, leadership 9. It is, that counts 10. died happy
11. lose weight, be on diets
五 语法练习
1-5 BDDDB
六．单项选择
1-5 ACCDB 6-10 CCBDC 11-15 DCDCC
八、
passage A
1. dying 2. weigh-loss 3. failure 4. donated 5. to
6. actress 7. figure 8. in 9. secret 10. priceless
Passage B
1. become 2. fit 3. in 4. the 5. short
6 term 7. skip 8. take 9 .in 10. put
11. on 12. above 13 .in 14 .no 15. time
九、Writing
Dear John,
I’d like to tell you about the discussion we’ve had. It’s about how to spend time outside school efficiently, since the authority of Jiangsu has required that senior middle school students shouldn’t spend more than 8 hours a day studying at school.
Opinions are divided on the topic. Some of my classmates choose to read more in their spare time. They think reading can enrich their knowledge and prepare them for their further studies.
Some prefer to make use of their spare time to surf the Internet. For one thing, they can collect necessary information on line. For another, they can share ideas with friends in every corner of the world.
Others love to spend their spare time taking exercise to strengthen their bodies, while still others would choose to do some part-time jobs. On the one hand, they can put themselves in touch with society. On the other hand, they can learn to be independent.
As far as I am concerned, I would …
Bye for now!
Yours sincerely,
Li M
十．任务型阅读
1. faster 2. than 3. destroying 4. drowning 5. massive
6. explosion 7. atmosphere 8. mining 9. facing 10. dying