【学习目标】掌握各词条的词性、基本含义，了解相关词形变化或近义词，识记一些典型句对重要用法能理解运用。
【学习重点】各词条的基本含义及其运用。
【学习难点】delighted，separate，compete，attempt
【预习要求】①词汇学习以识记、理解为主，忌只做笔头作业。②完成导学案后圈出难点，小组讨论。③对照目标找出差距。
【学习内容】下列 10 个词条
【词汇】
1. delighted [ di'laitid ] adj. 愉快的，高兴的，欣喜的
【原句回放】
I am delighted to have been invited to your school to talk to you about the history and significance of the Olympic Games.
I'd be most delighted if you will. 如果您愿意，我会非常高兴的。
be delighted to do … 乐于去做……
be delighted at… 因……而高兴
【活学活用】（C级）
I shall be delighted to show you around the place. 我很高兴领你到处转转。
The woman was delighted at the recovery of her stolen jewels.
那位妇人对找回被盗的珠宝感到非常高兴。
【常用搭配】
take delight in … 以……为乐
to one’s delight… 使某人高兴的是……
【活学活用】（C级）
He takes delight in painting. 他爱好绘画。
It was to our delight that she got the job. 使我们高兴的是她得到了那份工作。
【牛刀小试】
1．She was ___C_____to hear the twitter of the birds somewhere near her window.
A. delight B. delighting C. delighted D. delightful
2．He ____ A ____ great delight in proving others’ wrong.
A. takes B. puts C. gives D. makes
2. significance n.重要； 意义；价值
【活学活用】（C级）
What is the __ significance _ of this meeting? 这个会议有什么意义？
adj. significant 有意义的, 重大的, 重要的
This meeting is significant. 这个会议有意义
3. compete [ km'pi:t ] vi. 比赛，竞争
【常用搭配】
compete in … 参……加比赛
compete for… 为……而比赛
compete against/with… 与……比赛
【活学活用】（C级）
Tom will compete in the 100- meter race. 汤姆将参加100米比赛。
Several companies are competing against/with each other for the contract.
几家公司正为争取一项合同而互相竞争.
【牛刀小试】
3．Our athletes will _ B _ some games, such as running and wrestling. They have the hope to get some gold medals.
A. compete B. compete in C. join D. attend
4. separate adj.分开的,各别的,单独的; v.分开,隔开
【活学活用】（C级）
The children sleep in separate beds. 孩子们分别睡在各自的床上。
Look, the two boys are fighting. Let’s go and separate them.
看！那两个男孩在打架，我们过去把他们分开吧。
【指点迷津】separate 与divide
divide和separate这两个词都有“分开”的意思，但含义和用法都不太相同。divide指的是把人或物分成若干等份，常与介词into连用；separate指的是将不同类别的物品分开或将两个靠近的物品分开，使其不在一起，常与介词from连用。
Let's divide these books into ten parts. 我们把这些书分成十份吧。
A fence separates the cows from the pigs. 围栏把奶牛和猪分开。
【牛刀小试】
4．As we joined the big crowd I got _ A _ from my friends. (NMET2001)
A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed
5．It seems difficult to __ B __ “hurt” from “injure” in meaning. (上海2002春)
A. judge B. tell C. divide D. separate
5. honour vt. 尊敬 n. 尊敬，敬意；荣誉，光荣
【活学活用】（C级）
Children should honour their father and mother. 孩子应该尊敬父母。
They fight for the honour of their country. 他们为祖国的荣誉而战。
in honour of 纪念…..，向……表示敬意
It is only a dance in honour of her birthday. 这只是纪念她生日的一个舞会。
【牛刀小试】
6．Washington, a state in the United States, was named ___ A ____ one of the greatest American presidents.
A. in honour of B. instead of
C. in favour of D. by means of
6. side by side 一起，共同，并肩地，并排
【活学活用】（C级）
The two boys play side by side all afternoon. 这两个男孩整个下午都在一起玩。
【联想拓展】：shoulder to shoulder表示“并肩地、 齐心协力地”; hand in hand表示“手拉手地” nose to nose/ face to face 表示“面对面地”。
【牛刀小试】
7．Two videophones stood_ A _ on the table.
A. side by side B. side to side
C. one by one D. one side by the other side
7. light [ lait ] n. 光,光亮,灯; a. 轻的,光亮的,容易的; v. 点燃,著火,变亮
When it was dark we lit the candles. 天黑时我们点上了蜡烛。
【指点迷津】light的过去分词有两种: lighted和lit，当作定语修饰名词时，用lighted。
【牛刀小试】
8．Suddenly all the lights went out, and I got a __ B __ candle.
A. lit B. lighted C. lighting D. light
8. contribution n. 贡献
make contribution(s) to 对……做出贡献, 其中的to是个介词。
【活学活用】（C级）
The invention of the typewriter is a great contribution to printing. 打字机的发明是对印刷的一大贡献。
We have already made contribution(s) to protecting our environment since we joined the Greener China. 自从我们参加绿色中国组织以来已经为保护环境作了贡献。
【牛刀小试】
9．The invention of the typewriter was __ A __great contribution _____ communication and printing.
A. a, to B. /, to C. a, for D. /, toward
10．Chinese people make contributions to _ D _ China.
A. change B. changing C. protect D. protecting
9. absent adj. 缺席的；不在场的
【活学活用】（C级）文。
He is absent on business. 他因事缺席。
He is _ absent _ from Beijing. 他不在北京。
adj. 漫不经心的；心不在焉的；茫然的
He looked at me in an absent way. 他茫然地望着我。
vt.不在；缺席
Why did you absent yourself from school yesterday? 昨天你为何不到校？
n. absence 缺乏
He didn’t finished his paper because of _ absence _ of information。他因为缺乏资料没有完成论文。
10. attempt n. & v. 尝试，努力
【常用搭配】
attempt to do sth. 努力做……, 相当于try to do sth./ seek to do sth.
make an attempt to do sth/ make one’s attempt to do sth. 尝试做……
【活学活用】（C级）
They are attempting to climb the steepest part of the mountain.
他们努力攀登这座山的最陡的部分.
He didn't pass the exam, but it was a good attempt.
他虽然没有通过考试，但他做了很大的努力。
【牛刀小试】
11. He _ B _ to escape from the prison, but he couldn’t find anybody to help him.
A. succeeded B. attempted C. advised D. offered
12. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _ B _.
A. intention B. attempt C. purpose D. desire
【随堂检测】
I．Choices:
1 Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have B _ one-year-old twins at the head.
A. isolate B. separated C. divided D. removed
2. A man is being questioned in relation to the _ C _ murder last night.
A. advised B attended C. attempted D. admitted
3. The environmentalists said wild goats’ _ D _ on the vast grasslands was a good indication of the better environment.
A. escape B. absence C. attendance D. appearance
4. From his __ A __voice on the phone I know everything is going under way.
A. delighted B. delightful C. delight D. delighting
5. A _ C _ candle _________ the faces of everybody in the room. They all looked tired.
A. lit , lit up B. lit up , lit C. lighted, lit up D. lighted, lit
6. To D __ the patient’s quick recovery, the doctor gave him the most effective medicine.
A. make sure B. be sure that C. insure D. ensure
7. The teacher explained the ___ B ____ of the themes expressed in the poem.
A. reference B. significance C. means D. magnificence
8. we can’t ___ B ____ other countries in trade if we don’t develop our national economy.
A. compete for B. compete against C. catch up D. catch with
9.He ____ B _____ to escape from the prison, but he couldn’t find anybody to help him.
A. succeed B. attempted C. advised D. offered
10.Study shows that scary movies, easy access to weapons and improper internet games greatly ___ A _ campus violence.
A. contribute to B. adapt to C. owe to D. addict to
《M4,U2 词汇》导学案二
【学习目标】掌握各词条的词性、基本含义，了解相关词形变化或近义词，识记一些典型句对重要用法能理解运用。
【学习重点】各词条的基本含义及其运用。
【学习难点】otherwise，involve，meet，attraction,
【预习要求】①词汇学习以识记、理解为主，忌只做笔头作业。②完成导学案后圈出难点，小组讨论。③对照目标找出差距。
【学习内容】下列 14个词条
1.limit n & v. 限制；限定
【活学活用】（级）
There is a _ limit _ to the amount of money I can afford. 我能付得起的钱数是有限的。
The speed _ limit __ is the fastest speed you are allowed to drive a car at.
限速是允许驾车的最快速度。
My mother _ limits_ the amount of food that I eat. 我母亲限制我的饭量。
2. movement n. 动作, 运转, 乐章，趋向；潮流；动向
【活学活用】（C级）
Movement can be painful when you've hurt your back. 当你伤了背部时,动一动就可能感到疼痛。
n. 姿势
She watched the dancer and tried to copy her movements. 翻译_她观察那个跳舞的人想模仿她的动作_.
n. 政治运动
【活学活用】（C级）
Many great people donated their lives to the _ movement _ for national liberation.
许多伟人为民族解放运动献出了生命。
The movement aims towards greater freedom for women. 这场运动旨在给妇女带来更多的自由。
3. host n. 主人；主持人
【活学活用】（C级）
Do you know who is the _ host __ of “the Lucky 52”? 你知道幸运52的主持人是谁吗？
vt. 主办，做主人招待
Beijing _ hosted __ the 29th Olympic Games. 北京主办了29届奥运会。
4. plenty of 许多，大量 (注意：plenty of 前面没有a)
【指点迷津】
plenty of后面既可以跟可数名词也可以跟不可数名词。
【活学活用】（C级）
As I had plenty of money I was able to help her. 我钱很宽裕，能帮助她。
He has _plenty of good novels. 他有很多不错的小说。
【联想拓展】a lot of /lots of， a wealth of，quantities of。
后面只能跟可数名词的词组有：a (large / good) number of = numbers of，scores of。
后面只能跟不可数名词的词组有a great / good deal of，a (large / great) quantity of。
【牛刀小试】
13.We have had _ D _ rain this month. So there seems ___ more fruit this year.
A. a great many; to have B. a plenty of; to be
C. a large number of; of D. a great deal of; to be
5. transport v. 运输；运送
【活学活用】（C级）
The goods were transported by train. 翻译：货物是用火车来运输的_
Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built. 在雕像可以运往美国之前,必须给它选个场地,还要建造一个雕像底座。
n. transportation流放，放逐；流放期;运输；输送
6. attraction n.引力, 有吸引力的东西
【活学活用】（C级）
The tides are caused by the attraction of the moon for the earth.
翻译：潮汐是由月亮对地球的引力引起的。
The idea of working for state-owned enterprises has little attraction to young people nowadays.
现时去国营企业就职的想法对年青人没有多大吸引力。
Now the small town has become a tourist attraction. 现在这个小镇已经成了景点。
attract vt. 吸引
All the visitors are _ attracted _ by the beauty of nature. 所有的游客都被这自然美景所吸引。
adj. attractive 有吸引力的，诱人的。
The goods on sale in that shop are attractive. 那个商店的出售的商品很有吸引力
7. pretty adj. 漂亮的, 可爱的, 优美的, 机灵的, 恰当的
【活学活用】（B级）
Your sister is a pretty girl. 翻译：你妹妹是个漂亮的女孩。
What a pretty dress you is wearing today! 你今天穿的衣服多漂亮!
She looks much prettier with long hair than with short hair.
她留长发比留短发时看上去标致得多。
adv. 相当；颇
--How are you?--I’m pretty well . 翻译：你好吗？ 我很好.
It was a _ pretty _ serious accident. 这是一次相当严重的事故。
It will cost a _ pretty penny. 这要花相当多的钱的。
8. otherwise adv. 另外, 否则, 不同地, 别的方式
adj. 另外的, 其他方面的
【活学活用】（B级）
We'll go early, otherwise _we may not get a seat. 我们得早一点去，不然就没有座位了。
He is noisy, but otherwise a nice boy. 他爱吵闹，但在其他方面倒是一个好孩子。
9. stretch vt., vi. 变长，使长；变宽，使变宽；拉紧；张紧；伸开，张开
【活学活用】（B级）
She stretched the material by heating. 她通过加热撑拉这种材料。
In some tropical regions small boats used to be made of skins stretched over a wooden frame.
过去有些热带地区小船是用兽皮绷在一个木头框子上造成的。
I _ stretched out my hand towards the book. 我把手伸向这本书。
He stretched and flexed his knees to relax himself. 他伸屈膝关节使自己放松一下。
10. maintain vt.保持；维持
【活学活用】
He failed again and again simply because he had maintained his defeatist attitude.
因为他一直坚持失败主义的态度,所以失败了一次又一次。
赡养；供给
He has worked hard to maintain his family. 他努力工作来养家。
The car has always been properly maintained . 这汽车一直保养得很好。
11. requirement n. 要求
Candidates who fail to meet these requirements will not be admitted to the University.
不符合这些要求的考生不能上这所大学。
注意：requirement后的表语从句、同位语从句中，谓语要用“(should) do”形式。
【牛刀小试】（C级）
14. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material _ C __ to its burning temperature．
A. is heated B. will be heated
C. be heated D. would be heated
12. meet vt. 满足（需要等），达到（要求等）
【知识导航】
meet 除了有“集会，会议；遇见”的意思外，还可以作为“满足（需要等），达到（要求等）”讲。
We will try our best to _ meet _ your needs. 我们将尽量地满足你的需求。
【牛刀小试】(A级)
15. Unless the workers’demands are _ B _soon，there will be a strike.
A. paid B. met C. permitted D. replied
13. make way for 给……让路；让位与……
【活学活用】（B级）
Please_ make way for _ the president. 请给总统让路。
He was pushed out to _ make way for _ the director's son.
为了给厂长的儿子让位，他被解雇了。
14. involve v.包括，涉及（常与in连用）使陷入
be involved in, involve oneself in 与----有关联
【活学活用】（B级）
Don't _ involve _other people in your trouble. 别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。
All the children were involved_ in the school play. 所有的孩子都参加了学校排练的剧。
This lesson involves a lot of work. 这一课需要做的工作有很多。
They are deeply involved in debt. 他们债台高筑。
【随堂检测】
1. Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within _ B _ of little children.
A. hand B. reach C. space D. distance
2. The doctor told me to take the medicine A .
A. every four hours B. four hours each
C. four each hour D. every fourth hours
3. We must leave now,___ B ___ we’ll miss the train.
A. so B. otherwise C. then D. and
4. According to the spokesman, he is not ______ A _______ in the event
A. involved B. involving C. to involve D. involve
5. There is _____ A _____ here in spring.
A. plenty of B. lot of C. too many D. a great deal
II. Word spelling:
1. An athlete is a person who does a sport.
2. I’m delighted at your success in the final exam.
3. We drove two hours to attend the opening ceremony of the film festival.
4. He was given a __medal___（奖章）for his bravery in the accident.
5. This story just happened on the previous evening .
6. Nowadays, many places have been developed into tourist attractions.
7. We should take measures to meet the increasing requirements of the people.
8. The burning coals started to flame yellow and orange.
9. Bank of China has branches__ all over the country.
10. He is always watching CCTV news broadcast on current affairs.
11.There are 12 competitors (选手) in the two-hundred-metre dash.
12.The main _ stadium _ (体育馆) for 2008 Olympic Games will be completed by 2006.
13.Nowadays, many places have been developed into tourist attractions.
14. We shouldn’t look down on those who do physical labour.
15. The prisoners attempted to escape but failed.