班级 姓名 学号 等第
Language Points of Reading Unit one Module 9
Learning aims:
1. To learn some difficult sentence patterns;
2. To learn some useful expressions.
Learning procedures:
I.Read the text and answer the following questions:
1) What are the cities mentioned in the passage?
Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, Edmonton
2) What is the writer’s purpose describing the cities ?
To invite the readers to visit Canada.
3) The author mentioned the following except _____ about Canada.
area, resources, cities, history, population, language, economy, education, transport, geography, lifestyle, culture, area
II. Difficult sentences to analyze:
1.Canada has vast areas of wilderness, from the Arctic north, where average winter temperatures are usually minus 20 degrees centigrade, to the 8,892-kilometer-long border with the USA in the south, which is said to be the longest border in the world not defended by an army or the police.
1).此句中以where引导的是定语从句，修饰the Arctic north。Which引导的是定语从句，修饰的是border_，not defended by an army or the police作_定语_，修饰border
2).判断下列句中Where引导的从句各属于哪类从句。
(1) That is where you are mistaken._表语从句
(2) I have no idea where all this will lead._同位语从句
(3) You ‘d better make a mark where you have any questions.地点状语从句
2.For those who love outdoor activities, it is possible to hike, sail, cross-country ski or travel by snowmobile for hours or even days --- without meeting another person.
句中who引导的是定语从句，修饰，without meeting another person在句中作_方式状语.
同义句转换
It is possible for those who love outdoor activities to hike, sail, cross-country ski or travel by snowmobile for hours or even days without meeting another person.
defend:防御；防守；辩护
1).defend sth from/against…保卫……免受……之苦 defend oneself自卫
2). defend a title/ champion卫冕一项头衔/冠军
3). defend sb. from/ against为……辩解
defense n.辩护，保卫 defensive adj. ____________
in defense of 为了保卫…….，为…….辩护
Practice:
(1).She had to defend_ herself against the guard dog.（她不得不防备看门的狗咬她）
(2)I’m prepared to defend my ideas.（我准备好为自己的构思辩护）
(3).They built a bank as a defense against flooding.（他们筑堤作为防洪设施）
3, Located in the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower, which is often called the CN Tower for short.
此句是个倒装句，主语是the Canadian National Tower
1).过去分词放在句首，是强调的需要，这时句子要倒装。
Eg.Also said to be under consideration is a performance in Beijing.
归纳拓展：
(1).现在分词+be+ 主语
Eg.Covering much of the earth’s surface is a blanket of water.
(2). 表语+系动词+ 主语
Eg.Present at the meeting were Professor Smith , Professor Brown and many other famous people.
(3).介词短语+be+ 主语
Eg. Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles, turkeys and toys.
Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. ___________ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni （校友）from home and abroad.(09江苏)
A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended
2) locate vt.查找……的地点；使……坐落于；位于
be located in =be situated in= lie in 位于
location n.位置 on location 拍摄外景中，拍摄外景的
练练看：
我们在地图上查找这个岛屿。
We located the island on the map.
我们学校坐落于市镇的中心。
Our school is located in the centre of the town.
那山丘是新教堂建筑的好地点。
The hill is a good location for the new church.
4.Rising 553 meters into the sky, it is the tallest tower in the world.
句中Rising…是分词短语作原因状语。V.ing短语在句中可充当时间，原因，伴随，条件，让步或结果状语，但要注意动词-ing结构与逻辑主语在主动意义及时间联系上的统一。
现在分词作状语，主句的主语是分词动作的执行者，它可以表示时间，原因，伴随，条件，让步或结果状语等；而过去分词作状语，主句的主语是分词所表示动作的承受者。
练练看：
1)由于太冷，他没步行那么远。
_Being too cold, he couldn’t walk that far.
2)在工厂工作时，我们从工人那里学到许多东西。
Working in the factory, we learned much from the workers.
3)一个女人躺在床上，静听着疾驰而过的大风。
One woman was lying in bed, listening to the ________ winds.
4)站在高楼上，你能看到整个城市。
Standing on the building, you can see the whole city.
5)如果给予足够的时间，我们能提高我们的工作。
Given enough time, we can improve the work.
6)教授进入教室，后面跟着他的助理。
The professor went into the classroom, followed by_ assistants.
7)The murder was brought in, with his hands ________ behind his back.
A. being tied B. have tied C. to be tied D. tied
5. Montreal, a port in the province of Quebec, is the second largest city in Canada, and also the second largest French-speaking city in the world, Paris being the largest.
句中的划线部分是独立主格结构_.在句中作伴随状语。
There are old buildings, churches, narrow streets and alleys, all alongside glass and steel and concrete skyscrapers reaching upwards.
此句中的划线部分也是_独立主格结构，作伴随状语.
独立主格结构的构成形式是：名词/代词+形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语/名词/数词等，在句中可作条件状语，时间状语，原因状语，伴随状语等。
独立主格结构在句中作状语有时可转换成状语从句。有时还可以在前面加上with,构成with复合结构。
练练看：
1）The teacher having finished the lesson（老师上完了课）, the students left the classroom.
2)His mother being ill（他母亲生病了）, he had to stay at home to look after her.
3)With so much work to do（有这么多的工作要做）, the workers had to work extra time at the weekend.
4)Weather permitting（天气允许的话）, we’ll go out.
5)Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _________, we refused his offer.
A. not finishing B. had not been finished
C. not having finished D. not finished
6.Canada is one of the largest countries in the world, second only to Russia, and has always been famous for its fantastic natural scenery.
Second only to …仅次于 =second to = next to
second only to none头等的，不次于任何人的
Eg. He is such a good player that he is second to none._____________________________
Next to music, he loves tennis best.__________________________________________
7. There are many wild animals in the forests on the freezing, ice-covered lands in the north, and…
freezing. adj. 寒冷的，严寒的 freeze v. 冻结，冻僵；冻死；呆住
freezing point 冰点 a freezing cold night寒冷刺骨的夜晚
below freezing低于冰点 be frozen with/ at由于…...而呆住
be frozen to death 被冻死
Practice:
1) What a freezing day it is!
2) Water freezes at zero centigrade.
3) Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night ___________, too cold for us to live.
A. Would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly
B. Would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly
8. The waterfalls, the largest of which is shaped like a semicircle, are 670 meters wide, and fall 56meters in an awesome white sheet of water.
the largest of which…引导的是定语从句，先行词是the waterfalls
eg. The old lady has two daughters, neither of whom is kind to her.
There are 5 books on the table, of which none/ none of which is of any use to our study.(桌上有5本书，但一本都对我们的学习无用)
III. some useful phrases to remember:
1. second only to 仅次于 2. natural scenery自然风光
3.be said to be 据说是 4. enormous open plains辽阔的平原
5. seemingly endless forests_似乎一望无际的森林 6. be thrilled by由于…而激动
7. in the heart of 在……中心 8. a French-speaking city说法语的城市
9. be lost to失去，没有 10. in addition to 除了……以外
11. on the Pacific coast在太平洋沿海 12. be close to靠近
13. be home to 是……的栖息地 14. cover an area of占据……面积
15. consist of 由……组成 16. be filled with充满
17. be near to靠近 18. a natural phenomenon自然现象
19. seek one’s fortune寻找出路 20. a handful of一些，少数
21. go perfectly with与完美搭配 22. tourist attraction旅游景点
23. tourist destination旅游目的地 24. cater to sb’s need满足需要