班级 姓名 学号 等第
Unit 2 Witnessing time
Reading Language points
Learning Aims: 1) to learn some language points in this text to enlarge the vocabulary
2) to use the language points when doing the exercises.
Learning important points: to analyze some long and complicated sentences
Learning difficult points: how to analyze the long and complicated sentences
Learning Procedures:
1【原句回放】The Western or Roman alphabet is a Greek invention, as is the marathon, which is a long distance race named for a Greek messenger who ran from Marathon to Athens to report a victory at the battle of Marathon in 490 BC. (Page18, lines 6-11)
西方字母表或罗马字母表是希腊人的发明。马拉松赛跑也是，这种长跑比赛是为纪念一位希腊信使而命名的。公元前490年，这名信使从马拉松一直跑到雅典，报告了马拉松战役大捷。
【结构分析】as is the marathon 是_非限制性定语__从句，as 是_关系代__词；which is a long distance……是_非限制性定语__从句；named for a Greek messenger 做__后置定语__(成分)；who ran from Marathon to ……是___定语___从句。
【拓展提升】as (通常后接be或do +主语) 也一样= (and) so +be/do+主语
The film is so boring，_ as is its music. 这部电影很乏味，其音乐也是如此。
Our eating habits have changed, __as has our way of life__. 我们的饮食习惯已改变了，我们的生活方式也是如此。
○1The Beatles, _____ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.
A. what B. that C. how D. as
○2The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
○3His plan was such a good one ______ we all agreed to accept it.
A. as B. that C. so D. after which
2 【原句回放】In particular, we associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens, the greatest symbol of which is the Acropolis. (Page18, lines 17-20)
我们尤其将古希腊文明与其首都雅典城相联系，而雅典最伟大的标志就是雅典卫城。
【语言点】1) in particular = particularly 特别地;尤其
He stressed that point in particular. 译：_他特别强调了这一点_______ particular: adj. 1. 特殊的;特定的;特别的;特有的;异常的; (过于)讲究的;苛求的,挑剔的[(+about/over)][(+wh-)]
请写出下列句子中particular的含义
○1The teacher showed particular concern for the disabled child. ___特别的_____
○2Her particular way of smiling left a good impression on me. __特有的________
○3She is particular about what she eats. __挑剔的______
2) associate…with… 把(某事物与他事物)联想在一起 be associated with __和…有联系__
We always _ associate computers with Bill Gates.我们总是把电脑与比尔盖茨联想在一起。
Many road accidents_ are associated with driving too fast __.许多道路事故与驾驶过快有关。
The cancer risks _ associated with smoking ___(与抽烟有关的) have been well documented.
3【原句回放】 The last major destruction of this kind occurred with the theft of many of the best sculptures in 1801, when an Englishman, Lord Elgin, started to take them to London, and later sold them to the British government. (Page18, lines 60-65)
最近一次人为的重大破坏发生于1801年，许多最精美的雕像遭窃，当时英国的埃尔金爵士开始把这些雕塑运到伦敦，后来卖给了英国政府。
【结构分析】when an Englishman, Lord Elgin, started ……是__定语___从句，when是__关系副__词。
【语言点】occur occurred occurred
vi. 发生; 存在，出现; (想法、念头等) 想起，浮现 (sth occur to sb /It occurs to sb that)
写出下列句子中occur的含义
○1Violence of some sort seems to occur in every society. ____存在___
○2It never even occurred to us that he hadn't been invited. __(想法、念头等) 想起___
○3That plane crash occurred only minutes after take-off. ____发生___
请把下列句子翻译成英文(使用occur)
你当时没想到他在撒谎吗？__ Didn't it occur to you that he was lying?
我想到要去拜访我的老师。_ It occurred to me to visit my teacher.
【词义辨析】occur, happen, take place
三者都表示“发生”，都是不及物动词。
happen: 指“偶然发生”时，主语为“事”；当主语是“人”时，意为“碰巧”, sb. happen to do sth.
sth. happen to sb./sth. 指不好的事情发生在某人（物）身上。
他碰巧知道那个地方。 译：__ He happened to know the place.
occur: 指“发生”时可与 happen 换用，但后接to sb．／sth．时，两者含义不同：
occur to sb． 指“某种思想等呈现于某人的知觉中”。
_ Didn’t it occur to you to phone them about it? 你难道就没想过给他们打个电话？
take place: 表示“发生”，可与 happen 或occur换用，但其后面一般不接 to sb.／sth．结构；指计划安排好必然会发生的事情时，多用 take place；此外take place 还可表示“举行某种活动”。
In 1919, the May 4th Movement took place in China.
一九一九年，中国发生了五四运动。
4【原句回放】They are still on display there under the title of ‘Elgin Marbles’, and this has caused some friction between Greece and Britain as the Greek government has never given up asking for the return of these marble statues.(Page19, lines 67-72).
如今它们仍然在那里展出，冠名为“埃尔金大理石雕塑”。这导致了希腊和英国之间的摩擦，因为希腊政府一直要求英国归还这些大理石雕像。
【结构分析】 and 连接两个_并列分句__; as the Greek government has never……是_原因状语___从句。
原句可以转换为：They are still on display there under the title of ‘Elgin Marbles’, __which__ has caused some friction between Greece and Britain as the Greek government has never given up asking for the return of these marble statues.
【语言点】 1) on display/ on show 意为___被展出；被展览_______
这些画片陈列在商店橱窗里。 译：_ These pictures are on display in the shop windows．_
2) under the title of 意为___在……名下；冠以……名____
3) ask for the return of 意为___要求归还_……_______
5【原句回放】In a gesture to help preserve history, the Greek government established a committee in 1975 to undertake the complete, professional restoration of the Acropolis.(Page19, lines 92-96). 为保存历史，希腊政府于1975年成立了一个委员会来负责卫城全面、专业的修复。
【语言点】1) in a gesture to = in order to
In a gesture to reduce pollution__(为了减少污染), the government tried all means.
gesture n. 手势，示意动作；姿态，表示 vt. 用手势(或动作)表示vi. 做手势,用动作示意
请写出下列句子中画线部分的中文意思和gesture的词性：
○1They communicated entirely by gesture. 意为：__用手势 名词________
○2They sent some flowers as a gesture of sympathy to the parents of the child.
意为：__以表示同情 名词______
○3She was gesturing so excitedly that I knew something was wrong. 意为：_做手势_ vi__
○4I gestured the child over. 意为：_用手势(或动作)表示 vt.___
2) undertake undertook undertaken
undertake a task/a project/research/a study etc 承担（工作，责任），承办；着手，进行
undertake to do sth. (promise to do sth.) 许诺，同意做某事
The police will undertake a thorough investigation into the case.
译：__警方将对这起案件进行彻底的调查。__
The government has undertaken to solve environmental problems.
译：_政府已经许诺要解决环境问题。_
6【原句回放】The committee is also undertaking important educational work based on the consensus of the members that the best form of conservation is the prevention of damage.(Page19, lines 115-120)
最好的保护形式是防止破坏。基于这一共识，该委员会还进行了重要的教育工作。
【结构分析】that the best form of conservation……引导__同位语__从句，先行词是_consensus__; based on在句子中做___状语____成分。
7【原句回放】By learning about damage prevention, people will be able to enjoy this historic monument for generations to come. (Page19, lines 125-127)
知道如何防止破坏，人们就能世世代代地欣赏到这一历史遗迹了。
【语言点】 短语for generations to come中的to come是不定式作_后置定语__成分，表示“将来的”、“未来的”。
Nobody knows what will happen__in the years to come_____. 没人知道未来的岁月里会发生什么事。
Reading 重点短语
1.have an impact on 对…有影响 2.be responsible for 成为…原因或根源；有责任
3. in particular 尤其；特别地 4. associate…with…把…和…联想在一起
5. temples to 向…表示敬意的庙 6. throughout history 历史上
7.no different 完全一样 8. the latter 后者
9.seize control of 夺取，取得控制 10. be on display 在展览
11.under the title of 冠名为… 12.be recognized as 被承认/认可为…
13.in a gesture to 为了… 14.in preparation for 为…作准备
15.in an organized way 有序地 16.bring…back to… 使…重现…
17.fall down 掉落；倒塌 18.protect … from… …保护…使不受杀害
19.based on 在…的基础上 20.care about 关心，关注；担心
21.generations to come 后代 22.in honour of 纪念；向…表敬意
23. be transferred to 被转移到… 24.be named for 以…名字命名
25. make advances in various fields 在众多领域取得发展
随堂训练
根据课文内容和首字母提示填空
The ancient Greeks have had a great i_________ on Western civilization. When we talk about ancient Greek civilization, we often think of the c________ city of Athens, whose greatest s_________ is the Acropolis.
The Acropolis was built in h__________ of Athena, the goddess of Athens in the 5th century BC. There are three main temples to Athena inside the Acropolis, among which the Parthenon is the largest, containing a gold and ivory s____________ of Athena.
The Acropolis has been d___________ many times throughout history, so when Greece was recognized as an i_____________ country in 1832, the Acropolis was almost in r___________. In 1835, the new government tried to r__________ the Acropolis but without any success. On the contrary, things even got worse due to the industrial p__________ and the millions of tourists.
Fortunately, the Greek government realized the importance of preserving history and e________ a committee in 1975 to u__________ the complete, professional restoration of the Acropolis, and much work has been done ever since, e___________ during the years when preparation for the 2004 Athens Olympic Games was made.
The committee is also trying to make people know that the best form of c____________ is the prevention of damage. By learning about damage prevention, people will be able to enjoy this h___________ monument for generations to come.
随堂训练的答案：
influence capital symbol honour statue damaged independent ruins restore pollution established undertake especially conservation historic