江苏省高二英语模块七第二单元单词导学案
1. probability n. 可能性 ；概率
There is little probability of his succeeding.
There is little probability that he will succeed. 他不大可能成功.
What is the probability of his success? 他成功的可能性如何?
词组： in all probability =very probably 极有可能:
In all probability he's already left. 他很可能已经离开了.
【归纳拓展】 the probability is that…= there’s a probability that…= it is probable that… 有可能
probable 是该单词的形容词形式，注意比较probable likely possible 这三个形容词的区别:
【即学即用】 He is _____ to come here, so get ready for everything as soon as possible.
A .possible B. probable C. likely D. probably
（2010江苏卷26）. The experiment has_________ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet, but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.
A. found out B. pointed out C. ruled out D. carried out
2.bark n. 树皮, 吠声 vi. 吠, 咆哮, 剥树皮
Barking dogs seldom bite. 吠犬不咬人。（真人不露相）
His bark is worse than his bite. 刀子嘴豆腐心。
Dogs always bark at strangers. 狗总是对着陌生人吠。
The officer barked out an order. 那军官大声发出命令。(咆哮地说出、吼出)
3.trial n. 试验, 考验, 审讯, 审判
a trial match / flight 预赛；试飞
She succeeded in the examination on her third trial. 在她第三次尝试时
The man was on trial for killing a person. 此人因杀人而受审。
They let me have / take the computer on trial for thirty days. 把......拿去试用
by / through trial and error 通过反复试验, 不断摸索
Only by trial and error will you find out what flowers grow best.
4.standardize vt. 使符合标准, 使标准化
standard n. 标准, 规格 adj. 标准的, 权威的, 第一流的
the standard of living / living standards 生活水平
Mr. Li sets high standards of behavior for his students. 对学生的行为提出高标准的要求
standard English pronunciation 标准的英语发音
5.length n. 长度，时间的长短
a length of rope/ cloth 一根绳/一段布
⑴它长200千米。(两种)
It’s 200 kilometers long. It’s 200 kilometers in length.
⑵这把尺子是那把的两倍长。This ruler is twice the length of that one.
at length 终于；详细地 in length 长度上
6.note vt. 注意,；记录；指出，特别提到
Please note that this bill must be paid within 10 days.请注意这张账单必须在10天之内付清。
The pupil noted (down) what the teacher said. 学生记下了老师的话。
n. 笔记；短信；注解，注释；票据，纸币；音符
make / take a note（notes） of ... 记下… make / take notes 记笔记
compare notes 交换意见；对笔记 take note of 注意到
change one's note 改变态度，口气 a 10-pound note
【即学即用】Just now, I took _____ of a thief’s entering the neighbour’s house.
A. notices B. notes C. note D. a note
7.quantity n. 量 数量
buy sth. in (large / small) quantities
large/small quantities of + n. 谓语动词用复数
a large/small quantity of + n. 谓语动词单复数由名词决定
Large quantities of goods / food have been stored for the winter.
A large quantity of beer has been sold.
A large quantity of books have been sold.
【即学即用】As a result of destroying the forest, a large ____ of the desert _____ covered the land.
A. number ; has B. quantity; has C.numbers; have D.quantity; have
8.mass n. 块；大多数,；质量；群众,；大量
the masses 群众,，民众，个人阶级
a mass of / masses of + n. [u] / [c] 许多，大量
a huge mass of data 大量数据 a mass of people 许多人
Before the rain, there were masses of dark clouds in the sky.
下雨前，天空有大片大片的乌云。
adj. 群众的；大规模的；集中的
mass production 大规模生产 mass education / media 大众教育；大众传媒
9.wonder adj. 极好的，灵验的 a new wonder drug 新的灵丹妙药
n. 奇迹，惊奇，惊愕 the Seven Wonders of the World 世界七大奇观
It's a wonder (that) no one got hurt. 难得
It’s no wonder (that) you've got a headache, the amount you drank last night.
昨晚你喝得太多，头痛不足为奇。 难怪；不足为奇
vt. 觉得奇怪；惊奇；想知道，不知道
I was wondering if / whether you'd like to come to dinner.
不知可不可以（礼貌的请求）
I wonder if I'll recognize Philip after all these years.
vi. 惊讶，怀疑
-- Is she serious? -- I wonder. 我看不一定吧。
【即学即用】He hasn’t slept at all for three days. ______ that he is tired out
A.There is no point B.There is no need C. It is no wonder D.It is no way
10.relief n. 解脱的感觉，安慰；(痛苦等的)减轻；(债务等的)免除；救助，救济
give a patient relief from pain / pain relief 使病人减轻痛苦
provide relief for refugees 救济难民
To our great relief, the children all arrived home safely. 使某人欣慰的是…
The doctor said it was just the flu. What a relief! 谢天谢地
relieve vt.
Drugs helped to relieve the pain.
relieve oneself relieve sb. of sth. 解除某人的负担
He rose and relieved her of her bags.
relieve sb. of their post / duties / command etc. 免除职务/职责/指挥权
【即学即用】people in the world try their best to _____ the people in the earthquake in India.
A. relief B. relieve C. release D. reliance
(2010山东卷33). Those who suffer from headache will find they get ______ from this medicine.
A. relief B. safety C. defense D. shelter
11.split (split split) 切开，分裂，分离，分享，分担
Let’s split the cost of the dinner party. The lightening split a big tree.
split up 分成小部分，划分 分离 分手
The couple split up. The party split up into two groups.
split n.裂口，裂缝 a split in the door/ rock/ coat
12.Pleasure n. 快乐；娱乐，消遣
【归纳拓展】
(It’s ) My pleasure. 别客气。(回答感谢） With pleasure 非常乐意。（ 请求）
take pleasure / delight in doing 喜欢做…
have the pleasure of =have the honor of 有幸做
for pleasure 为了消遣 at one’s pleasure随便，听便
please vt. 使高兴 快乐 pleased adj.高兴的；满意的 pleasant adj.令人高兴的、满意的
【即学即用】-- Would you please help me with the box?--______.
A.Yes,please B.No,please don’t C.With pleasure D.My pleasure.
13.sharp adj. 锋利的； 尖刻的；灵敏的; 突然的
I cut my foot on a sharp stone.
She has a sharp mind. 她头脑机敏。
The boss was very sharp with me when I was late this morning.
Sharp adv.准时地；突然地 Please be here at seven sharp.
Sharpen v. 使…锋利 sharpener n.卷笔刀
The knife needs sharpening/ to be sharpened. 这把刀要磨了。
14.let out 释放，放走，放气/水，放大衣服，泄露秘密、出租
Let the air out of the tyres.
They were let out of prison last week.
His trousers need to be let out round the waist.
Don’t let it out to the press.
let out a cry of joy/surprise/ excitement let out cars by the day
【归纳拓展】let sb alone 不管，不干涉 let sb/sth be 听任，不打扰
let off 放过，放枪，放炮，放烟火
【即学即用】He accidentally ____ he had quarrelled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.(2006年湖南卷)
A let out B. took care C. made sure D. made out
15.point n. 尖端；分数；细节 程度 意义 v. 指；瞄准
【归纳拓展】 on the point of 正要…的时候 to / off the point 中肯/离题
point out/ at /to 指出/着/向 There’s no point in doing sth. 做…没意义
【即学即用】介词填空：
(1) My teacher pointed ____ my mistakes.
(2) They pointed ____ her head with guns.
(3) I was ____ the point of leaving when the telephone rang.
(4) Your criticism is ____ the point, I quite agree with you.
(5) There is no point ___ discussing the problem.
(6) ____ that point I thought she would agree, but in the end she refused.
(keys: out at on to in at)
We’re just trying to reach a point _____ both sides will sit down together and talk.（2006山东）
A. where B. that C. when D. which
I listened to Dr. Johnson’s lecture on biology yesterday, but I failed to get the key ____
A. points B. words C. information D. message
(析：key points要点 key words重要的词 key information重要信息)
【巩固训练】
(1) –We must thank you for taking trouble to cook us a meal.---________.
A. It’s a pleasure B.With pleasure C.It doesn’t matter. D.Never mind
(2) It’s often less expensive to buy goods in ___ quantity, but you’d better examine ___ quality
before buying them.
A.\ the B. the \ C.a the D. the the
(3) We’ve already discussed the subject ____ great length.
A. at B. in C. on D. to
(4) He has _____ letters to answer. He has to work from morning to night.
A. much B. a great deal of C. masses of D. the number of
(5) While traveling, whether on business or for ____ , you often need to stay in a hotel.
A. pressure B. pleasure C. patience D. purpose
(6) The processing secret of the new product was _____ by the reporter, who has little sense of keeping the secret.
A. let into B. let out C. let down D. let be
(7) Masses of people _____ come here, so quantities of drinking water ____ been used up.
A. have;has B. have; have C. has;have D. has; has
(8) ______ on point ____ to explain.
A. It is; in trying B.There is ;in trying C. It is ;to try D. There is ; to try
(9) I learned most of what I know about gardening through _____.
A. a lot tries B. to do experiments C. trial and error D. great try
(10) Can you put me ____ to this number.
A. across B. through C. up D. over
(11) The sofa can also ____ as a bed.
A. use B. make C. operate D. function
(12) The newly- discovered star was named ______ a Chinese astronomer _____ honour of his contributions to astronomy.
A. for ; in B. after; for C. as ;in D. after; in
(13) --- I often see him working hard in his spare time.
--- _______ he has won the scholarship from time to time.
A. No wonder B. No way C. No doubt D. No wander
（14） _____ is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
A Whatever B Whoever C However it D Whatever it
(keys:AAACBBBBCBDDA)