Words and Expression
1.curse n. 1)a rude or offensive word or phrase people use when they are angry (骂人话)
eg. He muttered a curse at the other driver.
2)a word or phrase that has a magic power to make sth bad happen (咒, 咒语)
eg. The family thought that they were under a curse.
3)somethinng that causes harm or evil (祸根)
eg. Noise is a curse of modern city life.
v. to swear
eg. He hit his head as he stood up and cursed loudly. 他站起来时撞了头,便大骂.
curse sb / sth for sth咒骂…,诅咒…
eg. She cursed her bad luck.
He cursed himself for his stupidity.
brave adj. not afraid.
It was brave of you to do so.=You were brave to do so.
bravely adv. bravery n.
2.explore v.
1)explore for sth: to travel to or around a place to learn about it (勘探,考察)
eg. companies exploring for oil
2) to examine sth completely or carefully to find more about sth (探索,探讨)
eg. These ideas will be explored in more detail in chapter 7.
exploration n. carry out space exploration
oil exploration
explorer n.
3.curious adj.
1)having a strong desire to know about
求知欲强的,好奇的
be curious about/ to do
eg. Children are always curious about everything around them.
eg. He is curious to know what is written in his letter.
2)strange and unusual 稀奇古怪的,难以解释的
It is/was curious that…
It is curious that she left without saying goodbye.
curiosity 好奇心,求知欲
out of curiosity出于好奇
Children show curiosity about everything.
4.set sail
eg. Early in the morning, they set sail southward.
set sail for sp. 启程前往…
eg. We set sail for home.
sail v. to begin a journey on water 航行,起航
eg. Our ship will sail for Stockholm tonight.
sailor a sailing ship go sailing
5.fortune. n.
1) a very large amount of money 大笔的钱，巨款
They must have spent a fortune on that house.
cost/spend/be worth a fortune
a small fortune= a lot of money
make a / one’s fortune =make a lot of money in business
2).chance, and the good or bad influence that it has on your life运气，命运
have the good fortune to do sth.
I had the good fortune to be invited to stay in Rome.我运气好，受邀去罗马小住。
ill-fortune= bad luck
tell one’s fortune 算命 fortune-teller 算命的人
fortunate adj. fortunately adv.
6.preserve v.
1)to keep a particular quality, feature, etc. to make sure that sth is kept 保护,维护
eg. I think these interesting old customs should be preserved.
我认为这些有趣的旧习俗应该保存下来
preserve…from…保护…以免…
eg. The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.
成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种不致灭绝.
2)to keep sth in its original state in good condition 维持原状
eg. It’s the duty of police to preserve public order. 警察的责任是维护公共秩序
preservation n. 保护,维护
preserver 保护人,维护者
7. come across 偶然遇到，发现
run into 偶然遇到
run across 偶然遇到
come over 来访，拜访；过来
come out 出版； （太阳、月亮、星辰）出现
come on 快点，加油
come at 扑向，向……逼近
come down （价格，水平）降低
come along 进步，好转
come up 被提到，被讨论
come to 总计，清醒过来
8．content n.
1）．(plural) the things that are inside a box, bag, room 容纳的东西
The box had fallen over, and some of the contents had spilled out.箱子翻了，里面的一些东西散落出来。
2）。The things that are written in a letter, book (信、书的)内容
If the contents of this letter become known to the Foreign Secretary, there would be grave consequences．如果信的内容被外交大臣知道的话，后果非常严重。
adj. happy and satisfied．惬意的，满足的(不用于名词前)
She is content with her job at the moment.
John is quite content to watch television for hours at a stretch.
约翰非常满足于一连几个小时不停地看电视。
9．Swallow v.
To make food or drink go down your throat and towards your stomach 吞下，咽下
He swallowed the last of his coffee and asked for the bill.
Swallow up 吞并；耗尽，用尽
n. 燕子；吞、咽
10．coincidence n.
the fact of two things happening at the same time by chance, in a surprising way. 巧合,一致
eg.What a coincidence! I wasn’t expecting to see you here.
真巧,我没料到会在这遇见你.
eg. It’s not a coincidence that none of the directors are women.
没有一位董事是女性,这并非偶然.
coincide v. to take place at the same time
It’s a pity out trips to New York don’t coincide.
真遗憾我们不能同一时间去纽约旅行.
coincident adj. 同时发生的, 巧合的
coincidentally adv. 一致地, 巧合地
11．disturb v
1) to interrupt sb so that they can not continue what they are doing by asking a question.干扰，打扰，使中断
Sorry to disturb you, but I have an urgent message from your husband.
Do not disturb。 请勿打扰。
disturb the peace 扰乱治安
disturbance n.
12.result n. result of sth
1)a thing that is caused or produced because of sth else.后果,结果
eg. She died as a result of her injuries.
as a result 结果 as a result of 由于…原因
eg.He made a mistake, and, as a result, lost his job.
eg. They will announce the result of the vote tonight.
3) the mark or the grade you get in an exam
eg. Have you had your results yet?
without result 毫无结果地
V. to happen because of sth else that happened first
result from 因…而发生
eg. His success results from working hard.
result in 造成,导致
eg. The earthquake has resulted in many thousands of deaths.
13. labour
(U) effort or work, especially physical work努力，劳动
Manual labour体力劳动
（U）all the people who work for a company or in a country劳工，工人
Skilled/unskilled labour cheap labour
v.1) to try very hard to do sth; struggle 努力做；奋争
I’ve been labouring over this report all morning整个早上我都忙于这份报告。
Labour to do sth
Ray had little talent but laboured to acquire the skills of a writer.
2) to work hard 努力工作
Marina had laboured late into the night to finish her essay.
14. warning n.
1) [C,U] a statement, an event, etc. telling sb that sth bad or unpleasant may happen in the future so that they can avoid it 警示
eg. Doctors gave a warning against eating any fish caught in the river.
eg. Let me give you a word of warning.
2) [C] a statement telling sb that they will be punished if they continue to behave in a particular way 警告,告诫
eg. to give sb a final/ written warning
向某人发出最后/书面的警告
warn v. 1) to tell sb about sth, especially sth dangerous or unpleasant that is likely to happen so that they can avoid it
warn sb of sth
warn sb about/ against sb/ sth
warn that… 提醒注意/使警惕
eg. He warned us against pickpockets.
他提醒我们要提防小偷
eg. She was warned that if she did it again she would lose her job.
她被警告说如果她再这样做就会丢掉工作
eg. Police have warned of possible delays.
警方已经通知交通可能受阻
2) to strongly advise sb to do or not to do sth in order to avoid danger or punishment
劝告, 警告,告诫
warn sb against/about… warn sb (not) to do
这本指南告诫夜间不要单独行走
eg. The guidebook warns against walking alone at night.
他警告她离狗远一些
eg. He warned her to keep away from the dog.
15. inspire v
1) to encourage sb by making them feel confident and eager to achieve sth great. 鼓舞，激励
inspire sb to sth
I hope this success will inspire you to greater efforts.希望这次成功能激励你加倍努力。
inspire sb to do sth
His speech inspired us to try again.
inspiring adj. inspried adj. inspiration n.
16.discourage v.
1)to make sb think that they will not be able to succeed in doing sth so that they no longer want to continue doing it 使灰心，使丧气
Students get discouraged if you criticize them too often.
2)to prevent or try to prevent sb from doing sth.设法阻止
Discourage sb from doing sth.
We ought to be focusing on discouraging children from smoking.我们应该把重点放在劝阻孩子不要吸烟上。
discouraging adj. discouragement n.
encourage sb to do sth.
16. desire
v. to want or hope for sth very much 想要，希望(正式，不用于进行时)
desire to do sth
Anyone who desires to vote must come to the meeting.
desire sb to do sth
The prince desired her to be his queen.
n. a strong hope or wish 渴望；欲望
a desire for knowledge
Anna has a desire to travel.
show/ express a desire 表现/表达意愿
have no desire to do sth 不想做某事
desirable adj. 值得拥有的，值得做的。
17．apply v.
1）to make a formal, usually written request for sth such as a job, a place in university.申请
I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.
Tom applied for a post of secretary.
Apply to sb for sth.向某人申请某物
2) to use sth such as a method , idea, or law in particular situation, activity, or process. 应用，使用，运用
apply sth to
Theories should be applied to practice.
aply oneself 致力于，钻心于
aplied adj. applied science/ physics/ linguistics
aplication n. application forms
18. superior
n. someone who has a higher rank or position than you, especially in a job. 上司，上级，长官
sb’s immediate superior 某人的顶头上司。
Adj. 1) having a higher position or rank than someone else.职位更高，上级的
A superior court 上级法院
2）better , more powerful, more effective than a similar person or thing 更好的， 更强的，更有效的
The products produced in this factory are superior to those made its rivals.
superiority n.
19. quality n.
1) Sth such as courage, intelligence, or loyalty that people may have as part of their character 品德，品性
You need special personal qualities to work as a nurse.
2) the degree to which sth is good or bad质量，品质
The higher the price the better the quality
high quality quality of life
3）sth such as size, colour, feel or weight that make one thing different from other things 性质，特性
The analysis looks at the physical and chenical qualities of the sample.该分析是测定样品的物理和化学特性的。
4）a high standard 优质的，高水准的
He is an actor of real quality. 他是一个非常优秀的演员。
qualify v. qualified adj.