王青
【New words and expressions】生词和短语
beggar n. 乞丐
pocket n. 衣服口袋
call v. 拜访，光顾
knock at the door 敲门
in return for... 作为报答
stand on one’s head 倒立
a piece of cheese 一块奶酪
★beggar n. 乞丐
beg v.乞求： I beg your pardon?
beg for 乞求得到
★pocket n. 衣服口袋
inner pocket 内口袋；jacket pocket 夹克的口袋；coat pocket 大衣口袋；beer money (男人的)零花钱
pocket book 袖珍书；pocket dictionary 袖珍词典；pocket pick 车上的小偷
pocket money (小孩的)零花钱；change 零钱；get exact change 准备好正确的零花钱
★call v. 拜访, 光顾
① vt.&vi. 叫，喊
I heard someone calling. call out =shout 大声喊
② vt. 呼唤，召唤
Lucy is sick. Please call a doctor.
③ vi. 访问，拜访；（车、船等）停靠 call in/at call by at 顺便拜访
The train calls at large stations only. 这列火车只停大站。
I’ll call by at the shops on my way home.在回家的路上，我要顺便去了趟商店。
call on sb. 拜访某人：I will call on you. 我要去你家。
call at+地点＝visit someplace 拜访某地：I will call at your home. 我要去你家。
④ vt.&vi. 打电话
call sb =call up sb. =ring sb up 给某人打电话
call back 回某人电话：Can you take a message for me? =Can you tell him to call back?
call in sb. 招集和邀请某人
For the project, the government called in a lot of experts.
【Text】
I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a
meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate
the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me
about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month
and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.
参考译文
我刚刚搬进了大桥街的一所房子. 昨天一个乞丐来敲我的门, 问我要一顿饭和一杯啤酒. 作为回报, 那乞丐头顶地倒立起来, 嘴里还唱着歌. 我给了他一顿饭. 他把食物吃完, 又喝了酒. 然后把一块乳酪装进衣袋里走了. 后来, 一位邻居告诉了我他的情况. 大家都认识他, 他叫珀西.巴顿斯. 他每月对这条街上的每户人家光顾一次, 总是请求给他一顿饭和一杯啤酒.
【课文讲解】
1、Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door.
★knock v. 敲门
① vi. 敲门
I knocked, but no one answered.
knock at 敲（门、窗等）：knock at the door；knock at the window
② vt.&vi. 碰撞，把……撞倒，如果有地点，用介词off；无地点，用介词over
You always knock things off the table. 你总是碰掉桌上的东西。
Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning. 今天上午吉姆被一辆公共汽车撞倒了。
She has knocked a cup over again. 她又碰倒了一个杯子。
The car knocked the boy over. 汽车把他撞倒了。
③ vt. 把（某人）打成……状态，knock out 打晕, 在拳击场合中, 把人打倒在地叫knock out(专用术语)
He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer out.
He knocked Tom out yesterday. 他昨天把汤姆打昏过去了。
④ 与 off连用时有一些特殊含义，一般用于口语
vt. （价格上）减去，除去，打折扣
They knocked five dollars off the price of the coat.
The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.（He reduced the price by 10%.）
vi. 下班，停止，中断（工作等）
it’s past 6 now so let’s knock off. 现在已经六点多了 我们收工吧。
When do you usually knock off? 你一般什么时候下班？
He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven. 他十一点半休息吃中午饭。
2、He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer.
ask (sb.) for sth =request for sth. 问某人要什么东西（for 为了这个目的去请求某人, sb.更多的时候不出现）
The boy asked (his parents)for money again/once more.
3、In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.
①in return for this 作为对……的回报，作为交换（介词短语）（this 在代词当中常常指代上文的一件事情）
I'll buy a present for him in return for hospitality. （hospitality adj. 热情）
In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.
换成不定式：to return the favour
②in return 作为回报
You lent me this interesting book last month. In return (for it), I’ll show you some picture books.
He doesn't want anything in return. 他不想得到任何回报
③stand on one’s head 倒立
④stand on one's hands 用手着地(hand单数就是一只手, 双手复数)
stand on one's knees 跪着, 膝盖
lie on one's back 仰面躺着
lie on one's side 侧躺
lie on one's stomach 趴着
4、He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.
calls at 光顾，拜访
in the street（英国）/on the street（美国）
once a month 一个月一次, 单位表达方式
once adj. 表示每……一次（表示频率时后面直接加表示时间的名词）, 计量单位“/” （每……）
He goes back to the South once a year.
once every two month每两个月一次；twice a month一个月两次；three times a week一周三次。
a bar of soap一块肥皂；a piece of cloth一块布；two bags of flour/sugar两袋面粉/糖；some tea一些茶叶；
a piece/set of furniture一件/套家具。
Lesson 7 Too late
【New words and expressions】生词和短语
detective n.侦探
airport n.机场
expect v.期待，等待
valuable adj.贵重的
parcel n.包裹
diamond n.钻石
steal v.偷
main adj.主要的
airfield n.飞机起落的场地
guard n.警戒，守卫
precious adj.珍贵的
stone n.石子
sand n.沙子（不可属）
the Customs (House) 海关
★detective n. 侦探
detective story 侦探小说
★airfield n. 飞机起落的场地
port 港口；airport 航空港 ；at the airport 在机场
field 田野；airfield 停机坪；on the airfield 在停机坪上
★expect v. 期待, 等待
① vt.&vi. 预计，预料
Jim has failed in mathematics as his teacher expected.
正如他老师所预料的那样，吉姆数学考试没及格。
② vt. 等待，期待，盼望（心理上的等待）
They are expecting guests tonight. 今晚有人要去他们那里作客。
expect所表示的等待一般暗含着根据某些信息或规律而作出相应反应的意思，而wait for 主要接续“等待”这个动作本身。
expect sth.
I expect a letter from Jimmy.
expect sb.to do sth. 期待某人做某事
I expect you to write back.；I expect my mother to come back.
wait for sth./sb. 动作上的等待
I wait for my mother.
③ vt. 认为，猜想（一般用于口语）
I expect so./I think so. 我希望如此［口语］
I expect you’ve heard the news. 我想你已经听到这个消息了。
★precious adj. 珍贵的 （very valuable）
value n.&v. 价值；valuable adj.有价值的
precious adj. 珍贵的（带有一定的感情色彩）
sth.is valuable/sth.is precious ； precious photo 珍贵的照片
-less 表否定：
priceless adj. 没有价格的, 无价的；valueless adj. 没有价值, 不足道的；worthless adj. 无价值的
★diamond n. 钻石
diamond ring 钻石戒指；precious stone 宝石；crystal 水晶；jade 玉
★steal（stole，stolen） v. 偷
① vt.&vi. 偷盗，行窃
英语中“偷”用steal和rob 来表达，宾语是物，用steal；宾语是人，用rob；跟地点相连，也用rob
steal sth. 偷(某物)
My wallet was stolen我的钱包被偷了. ；John never steals. 约翰从不偷东西。
rob sb. 抢(某人)
I was robbed. ；rob the bank
② vt. 巧妙地占用，偷偷地弄到手
He has stolen away Mary’s heart. 他已赢得玛丽的芳心。
③ vi. 偷偷地行动，悄悄靠近
He stole into the room. 他悄悄地进了房间。
★main adj. 主要的（不能与人连用）
main building；main street；main sentence；main idea
★guard n. 警戒, 守卫
life guard 救生员；body guard 保镖；keep guard 守望，警戒，守卫；stand guard 站岗，放哨
They kept a close guard over the thieves. 他们对小偷们严加看管。
【Text】
The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. They were expecting a valuable
parcel of diamonds from South Africa. A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to
steal the diamonds. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while
others were waiting on the airfield. Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House.
While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the precious
parcel was full of stones and sand!
参考译文
飞机误点了, 侦探们在机场等了整整一上午. 他们正期待从南非来的一个装着钻石的贵重包裹. 数小
时以前, 有人向警方报告, 说有人企图偷走这些钻石. 当飞机到达时, 一些侦探等候在主楼内, 另一些侦探
则守候在停机坪上. 有两个人把包裹拿下飞机, 进了海关. 这时两个侦探把住门口, 另外两个侦探打开了
包裹. 令他们吃惊的是, 那珍贵的包裹里面装的全是石头和沙子!
【课文讲解】
1、The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning.
all 一般直接加表示时间的单数名词构成副词短语，如：all day，all night，all week，all winter，all year
等。但不说all hour。
whole在表达同样的意思时一般要加冠词或数词，如a whole day/year，two whole weeks。
all morning=all the morning
The plane was late 飞机晚(点)了；The bus was late./The train was late.
detectives 没有强调一些侦探或者那些侦探, 强调侦探这种人，笼统感念, 可不加some, the
2、A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds.
a few hours earlier 几个小时以前 = a few hours before/a few hours ago
would +do 过去将来时,间接方式, 转述, 站在过去看未来
3、When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while
others were waiting on the airfield.
代词others常常和some连用，表示“有些（人）……，也有些（人）……”或“有的……，其余的……”
one…the other… 一个……另一个……
some…others… 一些……另一些……
Some students are very hard-working, others are not. (others=other+名词复数)
★while 与此同时 连接两个同时发生的分句
①与此同时
My father is reading newspaper while my mother is cooking(at the same time)
②转折
He is hardworking while his brother is lazy(whereas)
4、Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House.
take sth. off…=take sth. away from…
and carried it into…carried 表示看得很重
5、While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the
precious parcel was full of stones and sand!
…were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel.
表面上是分工, 两个动作同时发生, 不是同时开始同时结束, 延续时间不一致, 长一点时间的动作用进行时态, 短时间的动作用过去时.
When someone knocked at the door, I was having dinner.
at the door 在门边(固定搭配)
To one’s +表达人情绪的名词:
to one's surprise,让某人惊讶的是：To my surprise, the teacher was late.
to one’s disappiontment让某人失望的是
to one's joy：To my joy, my mother came here yesterday.
to one's excitement：To our excitement, our team wins.
be full of ...装满 = be filled with
My bag was full of books. ； The cup is full of water.
Precious：very valuable非常珍贵
A grain of sand一粒沙子
A pile of sand 一堆沙子
6. Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House.
Off 表示离开
He kicked the snow off his shoes before getting in.他在进屋之前把鞋子上的雪踢掉
She took the painting off the wall他把墙上的画摘掉。