北 京 四 中
Book 3 Unit 7---9
重点词汇、短语与句型：
1.leave alone 不管；随…而去
2.in want of 需要
3.badly off 潦倒；贫困
4.close up （尤指暂时）关闭；使靠近
5.have an eye for 有眼力；有眼光
6.as follows 用以列举事项
7.of late 最近；近来
8.make progress 前进；进步
9.make sense of 弄懂…的意思
10.in others words 换句话说
11.take a risk 冒险
12.acquire a knowledge of English 学到英语知识
13.be equipped with 配备有
14.It takes patience to do sth. 做某事需要耐心
15.learn about 了解
16.working conditions 工作条件
17.There is nothing wrong in doing sth. 做某事没什么不对的
18.toast to 祝酒，干杯
19.experiment with 进行实验，进行实验
20.piles of 一大堆；一大批；一大团
21.put an end to 结束
22.knock down 击倒；撞倒
23.lay off 解雇；不理会；使下岗
24.make matters worse 使情况更困难或更危险
25.make ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出
26.谈论态度和动机：
The stronger the motivation is, the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language.
27.提出建议：
You’d better…
You should…
Don’t …
If I were you, I’d…
It’s better to …
You shouldn’t …
Why not…?
Please…
What/How about…?
28.谈论社会责任：
Business is not only about making money and profits.
We should care for other people.
It’s necessary for employers to care about their employees and their families.
Rich people should help poor people in society.
Companies must take necessary measures to improve working conditions to protect the people working for them.
We cannot only think about ourselves , and we should open our hearts freely and think of others.
29.表达观点：
What do you think about /of …?
What’s your opinion of …?
What do you feel about…?
How do you like…?
What are your opinions?
We must make sure that…
Sure. / Certainly. / Absolutely.
In my opinion, …
I (don’t ) think…
I believe we should…
Perhaps…is more important.
We think highly of …
I am all for…
知识点归纳：
1.admit vt. 承认
习惯搭配：
admit sth.. 承认…
admit (to ) doing sth. 承认做过某事
admit to sth. 供认/承认…
admit that… 承认…
sb.be admitted to… 接受某人（入院、入学等）
⑴The prisoner has admitted his guilt.
犯人认罪了。
⑵She admitted to stealing the money.
她承认偷了钱。
⑶He admitted having stolen the car.
他承认偷了汽车。
⑷He admitted to the murder.
他承认杀了人。
⑸He was admitted to hospital with minor burns.
他因轻度烧伤而入院。
⑹I am admitted to Shandong University.
我被山东大学录取了。
⑺He admitted that he had made a mistake.
他承认他犯了错误。
高考链接：
Sandy could do nothing but _____ to his teacher that he was wrong. (2001上海高考 )
A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit
分析：
题意为：Sandy只好向老师承认了错误。but是介词，后面接不定式时，当其前面出现实义动词do 的任何形式时，后面要接不带to的不定式。
答案：A
2.want n.
想要；渴望：
⑴He has more wants than he can afford.
他想要得到更多的东西，但他的财力有限。
⑵He is a man of few wants.
他是个没什么欲望的人。
需要，缺乏：
习惯搭配：
in want of 需要，缺乏
for want of 因缺乏…
⑴She is poor and in want of basic things.
她贫困，缺少生活必需品。
⑵The house is in want of repair.
这房子该修了。
⑶The plants died for want of water.
这些植物因缺水而枯死了。
⑷The refugees are suffering for want of food and medical supplies.
难民苦于缺少食物和医药用品。
⑸She decided to accept the offer for want of anything better.
她决定接受这一提议，因为没有更好一些的。
* want v.
①想要：
want to do sth. 想干某事
want sb.to do sth. 想要某人干某事
⑴We want to go to Italy.
我们想去意大利。
⑵He wanted me to go with him.
他想让我跟他一起去。
②某事需要被…：（同need 用法相同）
sth. want doing = sth. want to be done
eg.
⑴The plants want watering every day.
= The plants want to be watered every day.
这些植物需要天天浇水。
⑵The house wants repairing.
= The house wants to be repaired.
房子需要修了。
③要求（某人）在场，需要（某人）：
⑴You are wanted immediately in the director’s office.
主任让你立刻到他的办公室去。
⑵You are wanted on the phone, Comrade Wang.
王同志，有你的电话。
3.off 表示经济情况好坏
短语搭配：
be badly off 潦倒，贫困
be well off 富裕的，有钱的
be better off （日子）过得好起来
⑴They don’t seem too badly off----they have smart clothes and a nice house.
他们似乎不算贫困，因为他们有漂亮的衣服和房子。
⑵She was quite badly off for a while after her husband died.
丈夫去世后的一段时期内她很贫困。
⑶The couple is very well off, with a big house, fine jobs and three cars.
那对夫妇日子过得很宽裕，他们有一座大房子、不错的工作和三辆汽车。
⑷She was not well off and had a room to rent.
她不富裕，只得出租一间房子。
⑸She has a good job and is better off now than she was when unemployed.
她找到了一份好工作，现在的生活比她失业时好了。
⑹They are better off than we are.
他们的境况比我们好。
4.good n. ＆ adj.
习惯搭配：
do sb.good =do good to sb. 对某人有好处（good前可用much/a lot of/some/no等词修饰）
for good (and all) 永远
be good at… 擅长…
be good for… 对…有好处/益处
up to no good 干坏事，想捣鬼
It’s no good doing sth. 干…没用
for the good of 为了…的利益
for your own good 从自身利益考虑
What good…? What is the good for…? …有什么用？
come to no good 结果不好
as good as 几乎，实际上
⑴We thought they’d come just for a visit, but it seems they’re staying for good.
我们以为他们只是来短期拜访，但看来他们要永远住下去了。
⑵He has given up smoking for good and all.
他已经永远不吸烟了。
⑶Milk does you good.
牛奶对你有好处。
⑷The church does good by helping the poor.
教会大施善举，帮助穷人。
⑸A breath of fresh air often does our health a lot of good.
呼吸新鲜空气对我们的健康大有好处
⑹I’m afraid this heavy rain will do the crops no good.
恐怕这场大雨对庄稼没什么好处。
⑺I go swimming for the good of my health.
我为了自己的健康去游泳。
⑻It’s no good complaining now.
现在抱怨也没什么用了。
⑼It’s no good trying to run; the police will catch you.
逃跑是徒劳的，警察一定会抓到你。
⑽What is the good of buying a boat when you don’t have enough spare time to use it?
买了船却没有时间去使用，又有什么用呢？
⑾He runs around with bad people and he will come to no good someday.
他整天和坏人在一起，总有一天他也会变坏的。
⑿I washed those old curtains and now they look as good as new.
我洗过了这些旧窗帘，现在它们看上去几乎和新的一样。
⒀We must be good at learning from the peoples the world over.
我们必须善于向全世界各国人民学习。
⒁Participation in setting-up exercises to radio music is good for health.
参加做广播体操有益于身体健康。
5.progress 不可数名词 进步，前进，进展
短语搭配：
make progress 进步，前进
in progress 进行中
⑴Progress is being made in building a new highway around the city.
新环城公路的建设正在向前推进。
⑵The meeting is in progress now.
会议正在进行。
⑶An inquiry is now in progress.
调查工作此刻正在进行中。
*progress 动词 前进，进步，进展
⑴He is progressing nicely in his study of French.
他的法语学习进展顺利。
⑵Her disease has progressed more quickly than the doctors expected.
她的病情发展得比医生们预料的要快。
⑶The work is progressing steadily.
工作在稳步地取得进展。
6.
make sense of 弄懂…的意思
make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通
⑴Talk slowly; you’re not making sense.
请讲慢些，你没把意思说清楚。
⑵I can’t make sense of this poem, but perhaps I will if I read it again.
我弄不懂这首诗的意义，但我再读一遍或许就能读懂了。
其他含有sense的习语搭配：
come to one’s senses 苏醒过来；清醒地思考，恢复理性
six sense 第六感官
common sense 常识,见识
in a sense 从某种意义上说
⑴She fell and fainted, but soon came to her senses.
她跌倒后昏过去，但不久就苏醒过来了。
⑵Too much beer and wine was ruining his life; he finally came to his senses and stopped.
过度饮酒使他的身体每况愈下，他最终明白后便停止了酗酒。
⑶His six sense told him that something was wrong, and sure enough, his car had been stolen.
他的第六感官告诉他出意外事情了。确实，他的汽车被盗了。
⑷Show some common sense; stay home if you’re sick.
表现得懂事些，你如果生病了，就呆在家里休息。
⑸I write many letters and keep a journal, so in a sense I’m a writer.
我写许多信并记日记，因此从某种意义上说我就是作家。
高考链接：
I’m sure David will be able to find the library----he has a pretty good_______ of direction. (2005浙江高考)
A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense
分析：
feeling 意为“触觉，知觉（physical sensation, recognition of touch）；感情（an emotion）”, sense 意为“感官（one of the five feelings of the body----sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch）; 辨别，理解，领悟（appreciation or understanding of the value or worth of sth.）。
答案：D
7.anxious adj. 渴望的，焦急的；焦虑的
短语搭配：
be anxious to do sth. 渴望/急于做…
be anxious about 担忧…
⑴The student was anxious to finish the final examination.
那个学生急于要结束期末考试。
⑵I am anxious to leave.
我急于离开。
⑶He was anxious to please his guests.
他急于讨好客人。
⑷I am very anxious about my son’s health.
我非常担心我儿子的健康。
⑸I was anxious about the children when they didn’t come home from school.
孩子们放学后没回家，我很担心。
* anxiety n..
短语搭配：
in anxiety of … 渴望…
⑴In his anxiety to succeed, he has overworked himself.
渴望成功，他一直过度工作着。
⑵The teacher praised her for her anxiety for knowledge.
她渴求知识，老师表扬了她。
高考链接：
My mother always gets a bit ________ if we don’t arrive when we say we will. (2005浙江高考)
A. anxious B. ashamed C. weak D. patient
分析：
由后句“…we don’t arrive when we say we will.”得知“my mother”的心情应为着急、担心。
答案：A
8.
in other words 换句话说
in a word 总之
in one’s own words 用自己的话说
be a man/ woman of his/ her word 守信的人，说话算数的人，可靠的人
break one’s word 失信
eat one’s words （被迫）收回某人的话，承认错误
have words with 与某人争论，发生口角
word for word 逐字地，一字不变地
word play 双关语
keep one’s word 遵守诺言
⑴In a word , the party is over.
一句话，聚会结束了。
⑵Tell the court what happened in your own words.
用你自己的话告诉法庭发生了什么事。
⑶She is a woman of her word because she repaid the loan exactly when she said she would.
她是个守信的人，按照她说的时间还了贷款。
⑷He broke his word and did not repay the loan.
他违背了诺言，没有归还借款。
⑸He kept saying that he would win the tennis championship, but he lost and now he has to eat his words.
他坚持说他能赢得网球赛冠军，但他输了，现在他不得不承认他说错了话。
⑹His behavior made me mad, so I had words with him.
他的所为把我气疯了，我跟他吵了一架。
⑺She told me exactly what he said, word for word.
她一字不差地告诉我他所说的话。
⑻The word play in his writing is very witty.
他作品中的双关语诙谐风趣。
⑼You can trust her to keep her word.
你可以相信她会信守诺言的。
高考链接：
①
----Do you think I should get a good guidebook?
----Yes, of course. _______, you also need a good camera and comfortable shoes. (2004春季北京)
A. What’s more B. In other words C. By the way D. All in all
分析：
从后面一句“you also need a good camera and comfortable shoes”的also一词可知除了a good guidebook之外，另外还需要…
答案：A
②Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard______, you failed.(NMET1999)
A. in the end B. after all C. in other words D. at the same time
分析：
根据前句“Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard（在驾驶测验中你的表现没达到要求的水平”，及后句“you failed（你没通过这次驾驶测验）”，可知应用in other words （换句话说）。
答案：C
9.
a pile of 一堆
piles of 一大堆，一大团
⑴A truck dumped a pile of sand near the road.
一辆卡车在路边倒了一堆沙子。
⑵She has piles of homework to do this weekend.
她这个周末有一大堆的作业要做。
⑶The children eat piles of butter on their bread.
孩子们吃面包爱多抹黄油。
*
pile v.. 堆积
pile up 增多，积累
He piled the newspapers on his desk.
他把报纸堆在他的书桌上。
The cart was piled high with fruit.
大车上高高地装满了水果。
We piled up the boxes outside the house.
我们把箱子堆在房子外面。
My work is piling up.
我的工作越积越多。
Evidence was piling up against them.
不利于他们的证据越来越多。
Her debts are piling up and she has no money to pay them.
她债台日高已无力偿还。
10.
as follows 如下
follow the crowd 随大流
follow sb.’s example 仿效他人的做法
follow one’s nose 一直往前走；凭直觉行事
so it follows that 因此，这样一来
⑴I don’t want you to follow my example and rush into marriage.
我不希望你仿效我，也仓促结婚。
⑵Her qualifications are as follows: an excellent education, previous experience in the field, an excellent performance record.
她的资格如下：受过良好的教育，以前有这方面的经验，有优秀的表现记录。
⑶The company has no cash, so it follows that it must borrow money or go out of business.
公司没有现金了，这样一来她要么借钱，要么停业。
⑷The police station is a mile ahead up the hill----just follow your nose.
警察局在前面一英里处的山坡上----一直往前走就行了。
⑸Since you don’t know the language I can only suggest that you follow your nose.
你既然不会这门语言，我只能建议你见机行事。
⑹She has an unusual style of dressings; she doesn’t follow the crowd.
她有一种与众不同的着装风格，她不随大流。
高考链接：
I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _______ in a year. (2005湖南高考)
A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed
分析：
现在分词表主动、进行意义；过去分词表被动、完成意义；不定式表将来。根据语境in a year 可知表将来。
答案：C
11.
fall behind 跟不上，落后
fall in love with… 坠入情网，爱上…
fall into debt/trouble 陷入债务/麻烦
fall back 退，退让
fall off… 跌落
⑴The crowd fell back to let the doctor through.
人群向后退，让医生走过去。
⑵One marcher fell behind the others.
有个行进者落在了别人后面。
⑶The woman fell behind in her rent payments.
这个女人拖欠了租金。
⑷She fell in love with Tom the first time she met him.
她第一次见到汤姆就爱上了他。
⑸When her business failed, she fell into debt.
生意失败后，她债务缠身。
⑹He fell off the ladder.
他从梯子上跌落下来。
高考链接：
John is very lazy. He falls ________ behind in his studies. (2005广东高考)
A. very B. far C. more D. still
分析：
fall behind 意为“落在后面”，far 做副词表程度，“远远地”。
答案：B
11.abuse
(1) v. 滥用，妄用；虐待
He always abuses his authority.
他总是滥用他的权威。
Never abuse my trust in you.
不要辜负我对你的信任。
(2) U. 对某事物（某人）的滥用或虐待；恶言，辱骂
drug abuse
滥用麻醉药品
child abuse
虐待儿童
He greeted me with a stream of abuse.
他见到我就连声辱骂。
This word is often used as a term of abuse.
这个词经常用作咒骂用语。
(3) C.恶习，弊端，不正之风
We really should put a stop to political abuses.
我们真的应该煞住政治上的不正之风。
(4) abusive adj. 责骂的，辱骂的
abusive language
骂人的语言
He became abusive.
他骂起来了。
12.lay off
a) lay sb off 解雇
They were laid off because of the lack of new orders.
由于没有新的定货，他们被解雇了。
lay off (sb. / sth.) ，别碰某人，不做某事
Lay off! You’re messing up my hair.
住手，你把我的头发都弄乱了。
Lay off him! Can’t you see he is badly hurt?
别碰他，你没看见他伤得很厉害吗？
I’ve smoked cigarettes for years, but now I’m going to lay off them.
我抽烟很多年了，但现在打算戒了。
b) lay sth. aside 把某物放在一边；放弃某事
I laid my book aside, turned off the light and went to sleep.
我把书放在一边，关了灯睡觉。
We should lay some money aside for old age.
我们应该存钱防老。
He has laid his studies aside.
他已经放弃了学业。
c) lay sth. up 使卧床不能工作；搁置或储存某物
She’s laid up with a broken leg.
她因腿伤卧床。
I’ve been laid up with flu for a week.
我患流感已经在家休息一个星期了。
My car is laid up at the moment.
我的车现在闲着没用。
d) lay-off 被解雇的人；解雇期
There’re many lay-offs among factory workers.
工人中许多被解雇的人。
He has a long lay-off over the winter.
他遭到长达一个冬天的解雇。
13.consult v.
a) 请教，查阅；商量
I will consult my lawyer about it.
我将就此事请教律师。
English learners need to consult the dictionary constantly.
英语学习者需要经常查阅字典。
I consulted a doctor about my pains.
我找过医生诊治病痛。
I’ll consult with my partners about this agreement.
我要同我的合伙人商量这个合同的事。
(2) consultant n. （商业、法律等方面的）顾问；顾问医师
a firm of management consultants
管理咨询公司
the president’s consultant on economic affairs
总统的经济事务顾问
a consultant surgeon
外科顾问医师
(3) consultation n. 请教，咨询
We should act in consultation with the director.
我们应该在征询主任的意见并得到其同意后行事。
consultation of a dictionary
查字典
14.incident, accident, affair, matter
(1) incident n. 事情，发生的事（尤指小事）
He could remember every trivial incident in great detail.
他把每件小事的细节都记得很清楚。
border incidents
边境事件
(2) accident n. 意外世间，偶发事件，事故
I had an accident in the kitchen and broke all the glasses.
我在厨房里闯了个祸，打碎了所有的玻璃杯。
We got back without accident.
我们平安无事地回来了。
(3) affair n. 事情，行动；事态
The meeting was a noisy affair.
这次会议开得闹哄哄的。
The minister deals with important affairs of state.
这位部长处理重要的国家大事。
(4) matter n. 物质，事情，问题，麻烦事
There are several important matters I wish to talk to you about.
有几件重要的事情我想和你谈谈。
Looking after 15 noisy children is no laughing matter.
照看15个吵闹的孩子可不是件开玩笑的事。
What’s the matter with you?
你怎么了？
同步练习：
一、 单词拼写
1.He is a world-famous ______(小说家) who is very popular with readers.
2.We’ve just signed an agreement with a clothing _____(公司).
3.You can see your _____(影子) in the sun.
4.There’re _____(充足的) goods on sale in the supermarket.
5.Such things happen _____(不断地).
6.There’re 26 letters in the _____(字母表).
7.He will go abroad with his boss as an _____(翻译).
8.The old couple has just _____(收养) a child.
9.He has made great _____(进步) this semester.
10.When posting ____(明信片) you need to know the postcode.
11.There’re around 1,000 _____(居民) in this neighborhood.
12.She is taking a _____(冒险) to do that.
13.We young people need to _____(扩大) our view of society.
14.This is a ____(全国性的) exam in all the high schools.
15.He is ____(奉献的) to his career.
二、语音题
在A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其画线部分与所给单词的画线部分读音相同的选项。
1. headache A. courage B. operate C. package D. orange
2. sugar A. pupil B. wolf C. loose D. sold
3. three A. rather B. nothing C. brother D. neither
4. complete A. twinkle B. problem C. peach D. peasant
5. says A. Thursday B. paid C. captain D. head
三、 写作
假如你正在参加一轮英语辩论赛。作为正方辩手，试用英语简要表明自己的观点。
辩论主题：高中生在假期该不该打零工 （part-time job）
观点：
1．高中生学习抓得紧，但对社会所知甚少；
2．假期打零工是很好的社会实践活动；
3．我们可以在实践中学到书本上学不到的东西；
4．通过社会实践，我们可以在知识和能力两方面取得进步，为与外界沟通做好准备；
5．假期打零工的报酬对家里或多或少有些帮助，自己也有成就感。
注意：
1.词数:100左右。
2.可以适当增加细节,使短文连贯。
3.开头与结尾已为你写好。
Dear friends,
Our topic today is__________________
Therefore, my opinion is that as a senior school student, it is necessary and possible for us to take a part-time job in holidays.
答案与分析：
一、
1.novelist 2.firm 3.shadow 4.abundant 5.constantly
6.alphabet 7.interpreter 8.adopted 9.progress 10.postcard
11.residents 12.risk 13.broaden 14.nationwide 15.devoted
二、
1－5 B B B C D
三、
注意事项：
1 这是一篇论述性的文章，因此文章开头就要明确提出自己的观点。
2 主要采用一般现在时。
3 文章的主体是论证部分，因此论证应该清晰有说服力。
4 尽量使用几个短语或两三个复合句。
Dear friends,
Our topic today is “Shall a senior school student take a part-time job in holidays?” As is known, we senior students are devoted to our studies and know little about society. It could be a good idea for us to take a part-time job in holidays. For one thing, through experience we can learn what we can’t in books, and therefore we can make great progress both in our knowledge and our abilities. It can get us prepared for the world outside schools. In doing part-time jobs we can get some pay, which can be more or less a help to our family. It can also make us have a sense of achievement. We can understand the value of money and the way of getting along with others.
Therefore, my opinion is that as a senior school student, it is necessary and possible for us to take a part-time job in holidays.