一、主谓一致
1. 主谓的分隔原则
S, ---,VO
主谓之间可以用定从及省略形式的定从分隔
* 主谓一致与主语同位语无关
2. 定语从句中的主谓一致
...noun.+that / which +V
* that, which并不反映单复数
one of 复n + that/which + 复V
the only one of 复n + that/which + 单V
3. 随前一致
together with, as well as, with, including, of
4. 随后一致
not 单n. but 复n. + 复V
not only 单n. but also 复n. + 复V
5. 就近一致
单n. or 复n.
either 单n. or 复n.
neither 单n. nor 复n.
is he or we... 对
he or we are... 对
6. 可数名词and可数名词+复数动词
不可数名词and不可数名词+复数动词
例外：war and peace is / was
black and white is / was
bread and butter is / was
to love and to be loved is/was
7. 百分比结构
most, rest, half, majority, some, 50 percent, one percent
…+of +n. +V 由名词决定动词的单复数
8. 倒装句中的主谓一致
There be...
between , among 等介词位于句首，即引起倒装
Between ...+ be + noun.
Among...+ be + noun.
主 + 系 + 表
主系关系要一致，系表关系可以不一致
9. The+ adj.
a. 表示“一类人”用复数V
The rich are ridiculous
b. 表示某一抽象概念
The good is attractive
10. one of + 复数noun. + 单V
more than one 单数noun. + 单数V
many a + 单noun. + 单V
a + 单noun. or + two + 单V: a day or two
news 单数 measles 不可数
the series 用is/are从上下文得出
二、时态
1. in + 过去某一时间，用一般现在时
2. before + 过去年份，用过去完成时
3. for/since:
for后跟时间段，可用现在完成和一般过去时
since 后跟时间点，只能跟现在完成时
I have been a teacher for 3 years.
I have been a teacher since 1996.
I was a teacher for 3 years.
4. 自然现象、真理描述用一般现在时
时态：现在完成时和一般过去时混用
一般现在时和一般过去时混用
三、语态 考主被的混用
一个证明，二个位于，三个需要，四个情感
1. 证明：prove(vi) + to be + n./adj.
prove(vt) + sth./that +句子
my advice proved to be wrong
2. 位于：locate永远考被动
situate 主动：把...放置;确定位置
被动：位于
3. 需要：need, want, require
情态动词need＋动词
实义动词 to do sth. / doing = to be done
My watch need repairing. (主动表被动= …to be repaired. )
4. 情感：please, annoy, surprise, move
I am pleased. 主语高兴
he news is pleasing. 令人高兴使...高兴（心烦、惊讶、感动）
Franklin is so moved.
The story is so moving.