I. 课程标准要求掌握的项目
话题：Talking about botany
词汇：procedure, rose, strawberry, lemon, bunch, merely, herb, classify, identification, male, promote, botanical, privilege, cosy, appetite, wealth, appoint, calculate, astronomy, expense, cocoa, enterprise, settlement, accumulate, abandon, straw, pineapple, tone, reward, technician, nowhere, altogether, appearance, output, latter, distinguish, millimeter , look out for, on a large scale, year after year, pass away, name…after, in detail
功能：叙述步骤（Expressing procedures）
The primary goal was to…
Firstly…, Secondly…, Then…, Thirdly…, finally/ Lastly…
II. 课文中出现的词组
1． .match…with （在品质；颜色；设计等方面）相等，相当，相配
2． a bunch of flowers 一束花
3． make attempts to do sth. 试图做……，努力做…
4． classify…into…把……分类为……
5． be based on 以……为基础，以……为根据
6． at first sight 乍看上去， 开始考虑时
lose one’s sight =become blind 失明
at the sight of…一看见……
catch sight of 突然看到/瞥见/注意到……
in/ within sight 在视野内/看得见
out of sight 在视野外/ 看不见
come into sight 出现
lose sight of…忘记考虑/处理某事，看不见……
7． be born into / to/ of…出身为……，出生在……+
be born with…天生有……，
8． lead a cosy life 过着舒适的生活
27. spread over the glove 传遍全球
29. in charge of 负责 9． have an appetite for …爱好……，渴望……
10． make a career 向上爬，谋求发展/发迹
11． appoint…as…任命某人为……
12． look out for…注意查看，警惕;留心;守侯
13． on a large scale 大规模地
14． a great success 一个（件）非常成功的人（事）
15． be involved in…参与（某活动），与……有关联
16． in one’s youth 在某人年轻时
17． pass away 逝世
18． name…after 给……取名;命名
19． in detail 详细
20． .lie in 在于
21． related to 与……有关
22． .the key to 关键是(在于)
23． .adapt to 适应于
24. .be sunken into 堕入
25. be passed on from one generation to the next
26. in view在看得见的地方, 被考虑, 被期待
28． be of equal importance to…
III. 句型
1. Attempts had been made by others to classify plant species into groups, but the breakthrough came with the work of Carl Linnaeus.
2. Wonderful discoveries had been made of strange new lands, cultures, animals and plants.
3. Showing how plants were related was a complex and strange thing before Linnaeus developed his system.
4. Born into a life of privilege, Joseph Banks was the son of a wealthy family.
5. Despite his wealth, he worked to make a career in science.
6. It was the British government that paid for all the equipment and expenses for that part of the expedition.
It was Darwin’s visit on the Beagle to the Galapagos Isles that gave him the key to his new theory.
It was Joseph Banks who made Kew a centre of scientific and economic research.
7. On their three-year voyage, Joseph Banks did not only study and describe new plants he found, but also looked out for new economic species…
8. After that Captain Cook made two more voyages around the world, but Joseph Banks never undertook another.
9. In 1778, banks was elected president of the Royal Society, a position he held for 42 years.
10. In his youth Charles Darwin enjoyed all the freedom to experiment and do whatever he liked .
11. Most of the life forms could be found nowhere else.
12. There were even differences between the species of the different islands; yet all showed a clear relationship with those of America, though separated from that continent by about 600 miles.
13. As a result of Darwin and Mendel’s research, scientists of the nineteenth century formed the belief that the influence of the environment was behind the development of new species.
IV. 部分知识点讲解
１． appoint 的用法及派生词
appoint vt. 任命，约定（时间，地点等）
appointment n. 约会，安排
appointee n, 被任命／指定人
appointer n. 指定人 disappoint vt. 使……失望
disappointed adj. 失望的
disappointing adj. 令人失望的
disappointment n . 失望，令人失望的人／
2. expense 的用法
n. 花费；代价；消耗；开支；经费；费钱之物
at one’s expense 归某人付费；在使某人受损害的情况下＝at the expense of sb.
put sb. to expense 使某人负担费用，使某人花钱
expensive adj. 昂贵的，花费／钱多的
３． “死”的几种表达
die 死亡（最常用的词）
pass away 去世，逝世（讳饰的用法）
kick the bucket 一命呜呼（诙谐的说法） stop one’s breath 停止呼吸（表示死了）
die out 灭绝（多指物种的灭亡）
sacrifice 牺牲（用于正义的一方）
lose one’s life 丧生
4. distinguish 的用法： vt. 1) 区别，辨别，识别 distinguish sth. ; distinguish A. from B. =tell A. from B.
2) distinguish things into classes 把……区别分类 ３）distinguish oneself 使杰出，使显出特色
４）distinguished adj. 以……著名的（for, by） =famous a distinguished writer 杰出的作家
５）distinguish right from wrong =distinguish between right and wrong 分辨正误
５．detail n. 细节；详情；逐一处理；零件；元件；枝节；琐碎；分谴（队）
in detail 详细地；go/enter into details 详细叙述；逐一说明；for further details 为了知道详细情况（请询问，参考等）
detailed adj. 详细的，明细的 a detailed report 详细的报告