Unit 7 A Christmas Carol
典型例题
1．The plane flew ____ in the sky and people spoke _____ of the experienced pilot.
A．highly；highly B． high；high
C．high；highly D．highly；high
【题解】选C。 high与highly在本题中都是副词，其区别是：high表示具体的高度，表示具体概念；highly通常指内心的估价，表示抽象概念，只用于比喻，说明程度，意为“高度地”，从所修饰的动词来看，C项为正确答案。
2．A new play ____at the theatre this week．Would you like to see it？
A．has been put on B．has put on
C．is being put on D．will put on
【题解】选C。首先考虑这是一个被动语态句，需排除B、D两项。根据第二个句子的意思可知，该戏还在公演，而选项A用现在完成时具有结束之意，与第二句相矛盾，故应排除。选项C用的是被动语态的现在进行时，表示put on这一动作在此阶段正在进行，符合句意。
3．Suddenly all the lights went out，and I got a ____candle．
A．lit B．lighted C．lighting D．light
【题解】选B。本题是过去分词作定语，修饰名词candle，意为“点燃的蜡烛”。但动词light的过去分词有两种形式，即lit和lighted，前者只能作谓语动词用，后者不仅可以作谓语，还可作定语用，故本题只能用lighted。
4．Give this to _____you think can do the work well．
A．who B．whoever C．whomever D．however
【题解】选B。本题中介词to后面接的是宾语从句，所选的词应是宾语从句的主语。故C、D两项可先排除。在A、B两项中，who引导宾语从句时通常含有疑问之意，而whoever意为“任何人”，相当于anyone who。句中的you think是插入语。句意是“把这给你认为能做好这工作的任何人”，无疑问之意，故选B。
5．_____ supper，the students went out for a walk．
A．Having had B．Having C．Eating D．Having taken
【题解】选A。本题是现在分词作状语。但该状语所表示的动作先于谓语动词动作的发生，故分词应该用完成式，又由于表示“吃饭”用动词have，而不用have，故弃D选A。
6．He used to_____ his teaching years ago，but now he is used to ____a boss.
A．devote to；be B．be devoted to；being
C．devote himself；be D．devote；being
【题解】选B。used to后接动词原形，意为“过去常常”，devote to意为“献身于”，由于devote是及物动词，故后须接宾语或用被动语态形式；而be used to意为“习惯于”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，据以上分析，应选B。题意为“几年以前他一心扑在教学上，但现在他已习惯于当老板了。”
7．We were all wild with joy _____the news that our football team had won the game．
A．at B．on C．by D．for
【题解】选A。本题表示“欣喜若狂”的原因是由于得知足球队得胜的消息。at可用来表示“见了或听了某事后而产生的惊、喜、怒、哀、乐”等情绪，通常用在一些表示情绪的动词或形容词之后。本题其它选项中的介词不能表达此意。
8．____to sing a song，Miss Green couldn’t very well refuse．
A．To be asked B．Having asked
C．Inviting D．Asked
【题解】选D。本题的要点是区别动词的非谓语形式，由于该非谓语形式在句中作状语，且与主语是被动关系，故应该用被动式。B、C两项是主动式，应排除。在A、D项之间，A项是不定式，通常表示目的；D项是过去分词，表示被动且表示主句与谓语动作同步发生，符合题意。
9．He stood by the window with ____me．
A．his eyes fixed on B．his eyes fixing on
C．fixing his eyes to D．his eyes to fix on
【题解】选A。本题带有with复合结构。fix one’s eyes on sb．／sth．表示“眼睛盯着某人或某物”，在复合结构中one’s eyes和fix是被动关系，故选A。
10．We talked and laughed ____the dinner and had a wonderful time．
A．in B．at C．over D．for
【题解】选C。laugh不与in或for连用。laugh at意为“嘲笑”，不合题意，over在此处意为“在（做）……时”，题意是：我们在吃饭时边吃边谈笑。再如：He sang over his work．（他边工作边唱歌。）其中的over也是此意。
语法指南
状 语
状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分。在句中状语的位置比较灵活，一般来说，修饰形容词的状语，放在被修饰动词之前。修饰动词的状语，放在动词之后，但有些副词如often，always，never，usually等则放在动词之前，能够作状语的有：副词、形容词或形容词短语、名词或名词短语、不定式、分词及从句。现简述如下：
▲副词作状语。如：
Have you seen him recently？你最近见到他了吗？
Generally she remained in on Sunday evening．一般说来星期日晚上她都留在家里。
I foolishly forgot my passport．我愚蠢地忘了带护照。
It rained，therefore，the game was put off．下雨了，因此球赛推迟了。
▲介词短语作状语。如：
He traveled in Africa for six months．他在非洲旅行了六个月。
We found his house without difficulty．我们很容易地找到了他的家。
With all this rain, there’ll be good crop．有这么多雨水，收成会很好。
There’s a bank opposite my office．我办公室对面有一家银行。
▲形容词及其短语作状语。如：
Greatly disappointed，he decided to leave the place．他大为失望，决定离开这个地方。
They waited，breathless，for the result．他们屏住呼吸等待结果。
They all rushed over，eager to help him．他们都跑了过来，急于要帮助他。
He spent five days in the wind and snow，cold and hungry．他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了五天。
▲不定式作状语。如：
He came here to borrow a bike．他来这儿借辆自行车。
Man sends rockets into outer space to study conditions there．
人类把火箭送到外层空间去探索那里的情况。
Tom was so foolish as to tell lies to the police．汤姆太傻了，竟对警察说谎。
I pretended to be happy to know him．我装出了由于认识他而高兴的样子。
▲分词作状语。如：
Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
看到太阳从海面升起来，我们高兴得叫了起来。
Seen form the hill，our school looks more beautiful．从山上望去，我们的学校更美了。
Judging from his accent，he must be from Henan．从口音上判断，他肯定是河南人。
Buried deep down in the earth，the dead forests rotted away and became coal．
由于在地下埋得很深，死的森林腐烂而变成了煤。
【注】分词作状语时，当分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，分词需带自已的主语，从而形成独立主格结构作状语。如：
There being no bus，we had to walk home．没有公共汽车了，我们只得步行回家。
He lay on his hack，his hands crossed under his head．他面朝天，头枕着手躺着。
Jack being away，John had to do the work．杰克不在，只好由约翰来做这工作。
▲名词或其短语作状语。如：
We walked ten miles to the town. 我们走了十英里到了这个镇上。
He came here the day before yesterday．他前天到这儿。
Wait a minute，please．请等一下。
▲状语从句
状语从句在句中用来修饰谓语、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其意思的不同，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较、条件等九种状语从句，每种状语从句都有一定的连词引导，所以，我们在复习状语从句时，一定要把有关连词的意思、用法和注意事项弄清楚。下面我们对各类状语从句作必要的说明。
▲时间状语从句通常由when，while，as，as soon as，until，till，the moment，the instant，every time，once，directly，immediately等连词引导。如：
When I have finished，I’ll tell you．当我完成的时候，我就告诉你。
As soon as he arrives，he will start work．他一到达，就开始工作。
We knew that till he arrived nothing would be done．我们知道，直到他到达之前，没有办法。
The moment I saw him，I recognized him．我一见到他就认出他来了。
Every time he came，he would bring me some books to read．每次他来，总要带些书给我看。
They have been discussing this question since the meeting began.
从会议开始到现在，他们一直在讨论这个问题。
Once the film is made，all the young people will want to see it．
这部影片一拍好，所有的年轻人都会想看。
【注】在时间状语从句中，连词when和while的用法有所不同。when既可以指一点时间，又可以指一段时间；而while只能指一段时间，所以在while引导的状语从句中，不能用终止性动词。另外，在when和while从句中，只要从句的主语与主句的主语一致，在从句中就可以省去主语和to be，只用一个现在分词或过去分词，有时可在when和while之后直接跟介词短语。如：
When completed，the railway will connect the two cities．
这条铁路建成后，将把这两个城市连接起来。
While in London，Marx spent a lot of time studying in the British Museum．
马克思在伦敦的时候，用了很多时间在大英博物馆学习研究。
Be careful when crossing the street．过马路时要当心。
【注】as在时间状语从句中经常指一个动作的过程，所以从句大都用进行时态，如我们不能说as he came，但可以说as he was coming into the room。因为as he came表示动作已结束，而as he was coming表示一个正在进行的动作。
【注】当我们看到until或till引导的时间状语从句时要特别注意，当主句是肯定句时，谓语动词一定要用持续性动词；当主句是否定句时，谓语动词既可以是终止性动词，也可以是持续性动词。如：
We walked along the river until it was dark．我们沿着河散步，到天黑才回去。
I didn’t go to bed until the clock struck twelve．我直到十二点才去睡觉。
He didn’t know anything about it until I told him．直到我告诉他，他才知道此事。
▲地点状语从句
地点状语从句实际上只有两个连词，即where和wherever。如：
Put the medicine where he can easily get it．把药放在他容易拿到的地方。
Wherever you go，you will always find the same thing．不论你去哪里，你总会发现同样的事情。
Put a mark where you find a question．在发现问题的地方做一个记号。
Where the high building stands there used to be some low houses．
在那座高楼耸立的地方，原来有一些低矮的房子。
▲原因状语从句
原因状语从句由as，because，since，now that等引导。如：
As you are here，you had better help me．既然你在这里，你最好来帮助我。
Since you won’t take advice，there is no point in asking for it．既然你不听忠告，就没有征求的必要。
Now that you are here，let’s have a discussion over the question．
既然你们都在这里，我们就讨论一下这个问题吧！
I do it because I like it．因为我喜欢我才干。
【注】as，since，now that，seeing that等连词意思很接近，我们可以把它们作为一类放在一起与because从句作比较，as等从句所叙述的原因实际上读者是知道的，或是自己能看得出的，因而不是整个句子的重点所在，而because引导的从句是整个句子的重点所在。试比较下列句子：
As he is honest，we all like him．由于他很诚实，我们都喜欢他。
We all like him because he is honest．我们喜欢他是因为他诚实。
前一句重点在于说明我们都喜欢他，而后一句则着重说明我们喜欢他的原因，语气上显然有很大的不同，请体会其中的差异。
▲方式状语从句
方式状语从句通常描写一个人或物是什么样子，或者一件事是如何做的，其主要的连词是as和as if（as though）。以as if（as though）引导的从句，如讲的是与事实相反的情况，则要用虚拟语气。如：
Do as I tell you．照我告诉你们的去做。
The students do the maths exercises as the teacher has taught them．
学生们按照老师教的去做数学练习。
Just as water is the most important of liquids，air is the most important of the gases．
正如水是液体中最重要的液体一样，空气是气体中最重要的气体。
You should do the experiment as the teacher does．你应该像老师那样去做实验。
She opened her lips as if she were going to say something．她张着嘴，好像要说些什么。
He reached out his hand as though he were going to catch something．
他伸出手来，好像在设法捕捉一个什么东西。
▲比较状语从句
此类从句是提出一个事实或情况与主句表达的事情或情况相比较，有各种类型的比较，如同级比较、比较级，或两者同时增强或减弱的正比例比较，也有一增一减的反比例比较。如：
This film is not such an interesting one as people say．这部影片不像人们说的那样有趣。
Her performance was better than we expected．她的表演比我们预料的要好些。
If you study maths，the more practice there is，the higher your skills will be．
如果你学数学，练得越多，你的技巧也就越高。
The more I read the novel，the less I like it．这部小说我越看越不喜欢。
She loves her motherland as dearly as she loves her mother．她像爱她的母亲一样地爱着她的祖国。
The more you practice speaking English，the better you win do it．你英语说得越多，就说得越好。
▲让步状语从句
让步状语从句常用though，although，while，as，no matter＋疑问词，however，whatever等词引导。请看下列例句：
Although it was late，he continued doing his homework．尽管时间很晚了，但他仍在继续做作业。
Although she was in a hurry，she stopped to help the boy．
尽管她很匆忙，但她还是停了下来帮助这个男孩。
Their gift，though it is small，is great in reality．他们的礼物即使微薄，但实际上却是很丰厚的。
Although the medicine tastes bad，yet it can cure your illness．尽管药的味道不好，但它能治你的病。
（1）as引导的让步状语从句必须倒装，though有时也可这样用。如：
Tired as he was，he went on working．尽管他很疲劳，但仍继续工作。
Child as he was，he knew a lot．尽管他还是个孩子，但他懂得很多。
Bravely though/as the players fought，they had no chance of winning．
虽然运动员们奋力拼搏，但他们无望获胜。
Old as he is，he is very strong．尽管他年纪大了，他仍很强壮。
【注】在as引导的让步状语从句中，如名词置于句首，则不能用不定冠词。though引导的让步状语从句有语序倒装现象时，一般不用although。同时，连词while也可引导让步状语从句，但不能用倒装语序。如：
While it can do a lot of things for man，a computer can’t work without man’s help.
虽然计算机能为人做许多事，但没有人的帮助它是不能工作的。
While I admit that the problems are difficult，I don’t agree that they can’t be solved．
虽然我承认这些问题很困难，但我并不同意它们无法解决。
（2）让步状语从句还可由even if或even though引导，作“纵然”、“即使”解，但不能用even although。如：
Even if he had been very busy，he would have come to help us．
即使他当时很忙，他也会来帮助我们的。
Even if you are not fond of flowers，you shouldn’t miss the flower exhibition．
即使你不喜欢花，这次花展你也该去看一看。
（3）if有时也可引导让步状语从句，作“即使”“虽然”解释。如：
If the country is poor，it is developing very fast．即使这个国家很穷，它也在迅速发展。
【语法专项训练】
Ⅰ．单项选择
1．What have I done ____you should treat me like this．
A．which B．that C．why D．what
2．---What clothes should we wear to attend the ballet？
---Dress＿you like．
A．how B．however C．what D．whatever
3．I don’t think she’ll upset，but I’ll see her in case____.
A．she’ll B．she is C．she does D．she has been
4．---Don’t look down upon Bob．He has his own advantages．
---Oh，yes．____others are weak，he is strong．
A．If B．When C．Though D．Where
5．It seemed only minutes _____ they came back．
A．where B．after C．before D．till
6．_____，I have never seen any place that is as beautiful as Guilin．
A．As long as I have travelled B．Now that I have travelled
C．Much as I have travelled D．As I have travelled so much
7．_____everything knows about it，I don’t want to talk any more．
A．For B．Even C．Since D．Because
8．Why do you want a new job ____you’ve got such a good one already？
A．that B．where C．which D．when
9．After the war，a new school was put up _____had once been a church．
A．that B．where there C．where D．there where
10．____ you’ve got a chance，you might as well make full use of it．
A．Now that B．After C．Although D．As soon as
11．We’ll have to finish the job，____．
A．long it takes however B．it takes however long
C．long however it takes D．however long it takes
12．Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up _____ I could answer the phone．
A．as B．since C．until D．before
13．_____ your composition carefully，some spelling mistakes can be avoided．
A．Having checked B．Check C．If you check D．To check
14．The rich boss is always unhappy _____he has a lot of money．
A．since B．as C．though D．if
15．The work was completed earlier _____．
A．than we had expected B．as we expected
C．that we had expected D．like we expected
16．_____you may do，you must do it well．
A．What B．Whatever C．Where D．Whichever
17．_____summer comes，weather gets hotter．
A．With B．Since C．While D．As
18．_____completed，this railway will join many industrial cities to seaport．
A．Until B．While C．When D．After
19．You’ll never make progress _____ you study hard．
A．if B．unless C．without D．if not
20．I watched him ____he disappeared from sight in the distance.
A. until B. unless C. when D. as
21．I hurried ____I wouldn’t be late for class.
A．since B．so that C．as if D．unless
22．She enjoys listening to music, _____ I like to play chess.
A．when B．because C．as D．while
23．She had _____housework to do ____ she couldn’t go out for a holiday.
A．too much; that B．much more; that C．so much; that D．such a lot; that
24．____air traffic is closely controlled, flying is relatively safe.
A．Unless B．As soon as C．Although D．Once
25．The patient looked pale _____she was going to die．
A．if B．whether C．as D．as if
26．---What was the party like?
---Wonderful, it’s years ____ I enjoyed myself so much.
A．after B．before C．when D．since
27．He rushed downstairs ____ he heard the cry of his son.
A．the moment B．at the moment C．as soon as D．A and C
28．---What is the model plane look like?
---Well, the wings of a plane are ____ of its body.
A．more than the length twice B．twice more than the length
C．more than twice the length D．more twice than the length
29．It was ten o’clock ____ I got home last night.
A．that B．when C．before D．since
30．He promised to get the book for me ___ he could remember who last borrowed it.
A．if only B．in case C．only if D．even if
Key:
1-5 BBBDC 6-10 CCDBA 11-15 DDCCA 16-20 BDCBA
21-25 BDCDD 26-30 DDCBA
同步测试
Ⅰ．单项选择
l．The thief admitted _____the cellphone．
A．to steal B．to have stolen C．having stolen D．to be stealing
2．Would you care ____for a walk with me？
A．to go B．going C．to be going D．to have gone
3．____you have a very happy married life！
A．Will B．Shall C．Should D．May
4．Professor Johnson has written some short stories，but he is ____known for．
A．the best B．better C．more D．the most
5．______ is reported in the newspapers，talks between the two countries are making progress.
A．It B．As C．That D．What
6．Under more favorable conditions，we ______better．
A．need have done B．should do
C．could have done D．might be doing
7．I won’t think _____of him because of his shortcomings．He is a good boy after all．
A．much B．little C．any less D．any more
8．“Why did you go to the wrong office，Mr Smith？”
“ Well．I forget which office I was ____to go to．”
A．demanded B．suggested C．supposed D．hoped
9．Who did the teacher ____the exercises？
A．have done B．have do C．had done D．has done
10．It’s too late to go out now．____，I have much work to do．
A．Except B．Therefore C．However D．Besides
11．Don’t stop ____you meet with a word or a phrase you don’t know．
A．some times B．each time C．at that time D．reading
12．Jane was reading a detective novel，____completely to the outside world．
A．being lost B．having lost C．losing D．lost
13．“She didn’t pass the physics exam yesterday，did she？”“________.”
A．No，but I wish she wouldn’t B．No，but I wish she had
C．Yes，but I wish she did D．Yes，but I wish she wouldn’t
14．The people，_____had been endangered by the flood，were given help by the Red Cross．
A．all of whose homes B．all whose homes
C．all their homes D．all of their homes
15．“Where can I get ____information about a long journey？”
“Nothing is of ____than a map，I think．”
A．an；greater help B．a piece of；greater price
C．some；greater useful D．some；greater use
16．He was _____for you to meet his friends．
A．expected B．worried C．eager D．proud
17．It is the ability to do the job that ____not where you are from or what you are．
A．makes B．matters C．belongs D．minds
18．Use the safety belt when you are in a car to ____yourself from any unsuspected injury．
A． protect B．save C．keep D．prevent
19．It was ______my father worked _____ work now．
A．where；that B．wherever；where C．that；where D．that；that
20．Jack was considered _____the big glass of our classroom without being seen．
A．broken B．breaking C．broke D．to have broken
21．There is only one English-Chinese dictionary in that bookstore．I wonder if you still want to buy ____．
A．it B．one C．another D．any
22．“What made his mother angry？” “______.”
A．Because he had lost the ticket B．Because of his having lost the ticket
C．As he had lost the ticket D．Having lost the ticket
23．We had already got to the top of the hill when the sun _______．
A．rose up B．got raised C．was rising up D．rose red
24．“What about _____speech？”
“It was too tiring，you know，_____speech for me.”
A．a；the B．the；a C．the；／ D．the；the
25．The police got to ____was once an old yard that the workers used as a store.
A．what B．where C．that D．which
26．Not that I’m unwilling to lend you a hand，_____ I’m too busy for the moment．
A．because B．but that C．but D．however
27．The door _____．Better have it repaired．
A．isn’t shut B．hasn’t been shut C．won’t be shut D．won’t shut
28．“Does he know how to work out the problem？”
“Yes，he has ______a good idea to solve it.”
A．caught up with B．kept up with C．come up with D．put up with
29．The schoolboys and schoolgirls are walking along the street，_____a small red cap．
A．each of them has B．they each have
C．every wears D．each wearing
30．I’d rather read than watch TV．The programmes seem ____all the time．
A．to get worse B．to have got worse
C．that it is getting worse D．to be getting worse
Ⅱ．用所给词的适当形式填空。
constant, powder, ambition, compose, person, admit, festive, employ, celebrate, occupy
1．He learned this lesson from his own ____experience．
2．The United Kingdom is _____of England，Wales，Scotland and Northern Ireland．
3．Mothers are often highly ____for their children．
4．The piles of old newspapers were ____with dust．
5．His report was ____interrupted by applause．
6．Many man still ____more position of power than women．
7．The school is ____its 50th anniversary year．
8．Mr Brown regularly drove from his home to his place of _____．
9．Christmas and Easters are the two main Christian _____．
10．When he received his ____notice to the university，his heart jumped for joy．
Ⅲ．完形填空
I consider my something of an expert on apologizes．A quick temper has 1 me with plenty of opportunities（机会）to make them．In one of my earliest 2 ，my mother is telling me，“Don’t watch the 3 When you say，‘I’m sorry．’ Hold your head up and look the person in the 4 ，so he’ll know you 5 it．”
My mother thus made the key point of a（n） 6 apology：it must be direct．You must never 7 to be doing something else．You do not 8 a pile of letters while apologizing to a person 9 in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your 10 ．You do not apologize to a hostess（主人），whose guest of honor you treat 11 ，by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad 12 ．
One of the important things we should do for an 13 ．Apology is a readiness to 14 the responsibility（责任）for our careless mistakes．We are used to making excuses，which leaves no 15 for the other person to 16 us．Since most people are openhearted，the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling 17 themselves．That，after all，is the 18 of every apology．It 19 little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault：answering for one’s 20 encourages others to take their share of the blame．
1． A．provided B．mixed C．compared D．treated
2． A．dreams B．courses C．memories D．ideas
3． A．side B．ground C．wall D．bottom
4． A．mind B．soul C．face D．eye
5． A．imagine B．enjoy C．mean D．regret
6． A．useful B．successful C．equal D．basic
7． A．pretend B．forget C．refuse D．expect
8． A．hold on B．put away C．look through D．pick up
9． A．poorer B．weaker C．worse D．lower
10． A．fault B．reason C．result D．duty
11． A．cruelly B．freely C．roughly D．foolishly
12． A．manners B．excuses C．efforts D．roles
13． A．active B．effective C．extra D．easy
14． A．raise B．perform C．admit D．bear
15． A．situation B．need C．sign D．room
16． A．advise B．forgive C．warm D．blame
17． A．wiser B．warmer C．better D．cleverer
18． A．purpose B．method C．end D．advantage
19． A．cares B．matters C．depends D．remains
20． A．facts B．states C．rights D．actions
Ⅳ．阅读理解
A
Martha had been working for Miller Laboratories for two years，but she was not happy there．Nothing significant had happened in the way of promotions or salary increases． Martha felt that her supervisor，a younger and less experienced person than she，did not like her．In fact，the supervisor often said unpleasant things to her．
One day，while talking with her friend Maria，she mentioned how discouraged she was．Maria gave her the name of a cousin of hers who was direct or of Human Resources Department for a large chemical company．Martha called him the next day and set up an interview on her lunch hour．
During the interview，Mr Petri said，“You’re just the kind of person we need here．You’re being wasted in your other job．Give me a call in a day or two．I’m sure we can find a place for you in our organization．” Martha was so happy she almost danced out of the building．
That afternoon，Ruth Kenny，her supervisor，saw that Martha had come in ten minutes late from her lunch hour and she said，“Oh，so you finally decided to come back to work today？”
This was the last straw．She could not take another insult．Besides，Mr Petri was right：She was being wasted in this job．
“Look，”she said angrily，“if you don’t like the way I work，I don’t need to stay here．I’ll where I’m appreciated！Good-bye！” She took up her things and stormed out of the office．
That night she called Maria and told her what had happened and then asked Maria，“What do you think？”
“Well，” said Maria carefully，“are you sure about the other job？”
“Well，not exactly，but…”
Maria continued，“Will you be able to get a recommendation from Mrs. Kenny if you need one？”
“A recommendation from Mrs. Kenny？”hesitated Martha，in a worried tone．
“Martha，I hope you didn’t burn your bridges.” Maria said．“I think I would have handled it differently．”
1．Martha is unhappy in her job because _______．
A．she has not advanced
B．the work is not significant
C．her supervisor is younger than she
D．there is too much work with little payment
2．Which of the following statement is NOT true？
A．At her supervisor’s criticism，Martha lost her temper．
B．Mr Petri felt Martha was not valued in her present job．
C．Martha’s interview with the director was on her lunch hour．
D．Martha got the name of the director through her cousin．
3．The phrase “the last straw” in the middle of the passage probably refers to _____．
A．the last opportunity B．the straw that saves Martha’s life
C．the last reminder D．the final unpleasant thing
4．What does Maria think of Martha’s decision？
A．Maria has handled the matter properly．
B．Martha shouldn’t have set the bridge on fire．
C．Martha should have found a new job before leaving
D．Martha shouldn’t have lost her temper with her supervisor．
B
Elephants don’t forget --at least，female（雌性的）elephants don’t. Elephant families are matriarchal. And the social knowledge gained by the oldest females is the key to a family group’s survival（生存），according to a study publish in April by Karen McComb，a biologist at Sussex University in England．
Elephants announce their presence by making a deep, long sound, a practice referred to as contact calling（联络呼叫）．An unfamiliar call may mean that an elephant from outside the family group is nearby．A stranger can cause trouble，interrupting feeding or disturbing the young．So an elephant matriarch signals the family to gather around her；then they all lift their trunks in the air to smell the unfamiliar caller．False alarms can disturb the group and take time and energy away from feeding，so survival may depend in part on getting it right.
Working with Cynthia Moss，who founded the Amboseli Elephant Research Project in Kenya 30 years ago，McComb tested the social knowledge of 21 Amboseli elephant families with matriarchs 27 to 67 years old．She played recordings of contact calls to each family and found that the oldest matriarchs were much better at picking out unfamiliar calls．In fact，a group with a matriarch in her fifties was several thousand times more likely to form into a group upon hearing an unfamiliar contact all than when hearing a familiar call．However，families with younger matriarchs were less than twice as likely to gather together upon he hearing an familiar contact call as compared with a familiar call．And they gathered together a lot．Moreover，the social knowledge of older matriarchs translated into favorable results：Families with older matriarchs produced more baby elephants in each female-reproductive year．
This finding shows how difficult it is to protect the oldest members of elephant families．As elephants age，they continue to grow larger，as do their much wanted tusks（象牙）．So the older--and wiser--a matriarch is，the greater the chance she will be killed．About 800,000 elephants have been killed by people in the past 20 years．
5．What does the underlined word “matriarch” mean？
A．An old member of an elephant family．
B．A female head of an elephant family．
C．A wise elephant．
D．A large elephant．
6．When do elephants form into a group？
A．When they are feeding the young．
B．When they see a familiar elephant．
C．When they are giving birth to baby elephants．
D．When the leading elephant gives out a warning．
7．The research with recordings of contact calls shows ____．
A．how fast elephants form into groups
B．how important the age of a leading elephant is
C．how frightened elephants are when hearing a strange call
D．how frequently old elephants call other members of the family
8．The older a female elephant is，____．
A．the stronger she will be
B．the poorer memory she will have
C．the more useless her tusks will be
D．the more likely she will be killed
9．We can infer from the passage that elephants may _____.
A．run into other elephant families
B．give wrong warnings to their mothers
C．run away upon hearing a strange sound
D．produce more babies gathering together more often
Ⅴ．短文改错
Nobody can tell exactly why people first began to use salt， 1．_____
but it is well-known that salt has used in many different ways 2．_____
throughout history．People who lived over 3,000 years ago ate sated 3．_____
fish．In ancient Egypt，salt was used to preserve dying bodies． 4．_____
Stealing salt were regarded as a serious crime in different 5．_____
times．In the 18th century，for example，a person was 6．______
caught stealing salt，he was put into the prison．In the 7．_____
Roman Empire，one of the most important road was built 8．_____
especially for salt to be carried from the mines to Rome． 9．_____
Guards were sent to protect the salt from stolen．The guards got their 10．_____
pay in salt，from which the English word “salary” originated．Any guard who fell asleep while
on duty was said to be “not worth his salt”．This is still used today in English．
Ⅵ．书面表达
假设你是某百货商场外事办的工作人员，请根据下面表格提供的情况，用英语介绍该商场的经营活动情况。
有关事项 内容 说明
营业时间 上午8：00-晚11：00
经营的主要商品 一楼：日用必需品，食物 产品齐全，货真价实
二楼：服装
三楼：电器
四楼：办公用品
特别服务项目 电话购物 联系电话：578637请各层导购小姐帮助，欢迎提意见和建议。
导购服务
顾客至上
注意：1. 要写成一篇连贯的短文。2. 词数：100-120
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Key：
Ⅰ
1-5 CADBB 6-10 CCCBD 11-15 BDBAD 16-20 CBAAD
21-25 ADDBA 36-30 BDCDD
Ⅱ
1. personal 2. composed 3. ambitions 4. powdered 5. constantly 6. occupy
7. celebrating 8. employment 9. festivals 10. admission
Ⅲ
1-5 ACBDC 6-10 BACDA 11-15 CABDD 16-20 BCABD
Ⅳ
1-5 ADDCB 6-9 DBDA
Ⅴ
1. why-when 2. has-was 3. √ 4. dying-dead 5. were-was 6. a person前加if
7. 去掉第一个the 8. road-roads 9. especially-especial 10. from后加being
Ⅵ
Our shop opens from 8:00 a.m. to 11:00p.m..We sell all kinds of produces, which are of good quality and worth their prices. Daily necessities and food are sold on the first floor, clothes on the second, electrical appliances on the third and things for office use on the fourth floor. We have such special services as telephone-shopping and shopping guide. If you are busy, you may ring us and buy what you want. Our telephone number is 578637. You may ask the shopping guide ladies on each floor for help if you have any problems about shopping. We treat every customer as God and try our best to serve them all.
Criticism and advice about our service are welcome.