高 二 英 语（第24讲）
主讲：郑天德 （苏州中学）
[教学内容与目的要求]
一、教学内容：
高中英语第二册（下）
二、教学要求：
1、掌握本单元的单词，词组与句型。
2、学会几句常用口语：
If I got the money, I would go to visit Silicon Valley. 如果我有钱的话，要去硅谷看看。
I’d like to buy a PS(Ⅱ). 我想要买一台PS(Ⅱ)。
I wish/want/intend
I plan to write a program against rubbish mails. 我计划编一个阻挡垃圾邮件的程序。
I hope to be an astronaut when I grow up. 我希望长大成为一个宇航员。
I’m thinking of how to predict tsunami. 我正在考虑怎样预报海啸。
3、语法：构词法⑴
[知识重点与学习难点]
一、重要单词：
solar giant leap constitution hi-tech support daily achieve economic zone private institute perfect arrange failure agency organ rejuvenate breakthrough impressive announce genome evolution byte humanoid element strategy
二、重要词组：
set foot (in/on) 到达，踏上 have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响/作用
rely on 依赖，信任 come to life 活跃起来，苏醒
Silicon Valley 硅谷 aim at 对……瞄准
[难点讲解]
1、Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in the northwestern Beijing.
无论中国将会有什么样的伟大成就，其中许多很有可能诞生在北京西北部。
in store (for) 意为准备好的，储藏着的，转义为就要发生之意：
There are better days in store for you.
The future will have tsunami in store for the bay area again.
这里likely常可用possible与probable代之：
It is probable/possible/likely that he will do very well in this field.
这里probable指多半有可能，可能性最大，而likely也可不用形式主语：
Are you likely to be in Silicon Valley this year?
An accident is likely to happen on the stormy day.
还可作副词：
They’ll very likely come by car.
probably
2、Within the next ten years, more than a hundred scientific and hi-tech companies moved into the area and new hi-tech centers developed around the original Zhongguancun Garden.
近十年内，一百多家高科技公司搬时了这个地区，新的高科技中心在原来的中关村园区四周发展起来。
within与in，inside指空间时，基本同义：
Within/Inside/In the empty house all was quiet.
但WithinInside the walls of this house lies a secret.
He waited, just inside/within the door of the store.
这里指门后，墙后的房子里，in无此意。
距离之内只用within：
The school in within five midis from here..
一些用法注意点：
Let’s go inside the house. （不可用within及in）
into
Come inside/in, Anne. （不可用within）
I could hear from within the building.
inside
The door was suddenly opened from within. （from之后不可用in）
inside.
用于时间有“之后”意义，而within，inside强调之内：
I should be back within/偶或inside an hour. 我一小时内赶回来。
I shall be back in an hour. 我一小时后回来。
3、Zhongguancun made it possible for him to follow his dreams and help the country he loves.
中关村使他有可能实现自己的梦想同时为他所热爱的祖国出力。
这里it是形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式for him to follow …，看其他例子：
Serious air pollution makes it necessary for the government to control the growing number of cars.
A terrorist group made it clear that they were responsible for the church bombing.
I feel it my duty to help every student.
She found it no good telling him the truth.
follow one’s dream 实现梦想
realize
fulfill
4、Yufang talked to some friends from his university in Beijing and they helped arrange for his return.
裕方曾经和他在北京的大学朋友们谈过，他们帮助裕方安排了回国事宜。
arrange是个常用词，v.t.或v.i.，作安排解：
又例：
v.t. He has arranged a taxi for me.
Before going away, he arranged(for) his business affairs.
Martin arranged to meet him next day. （不定式作宾语）
I’ve arranged for a car to pick them up at the airport. （for … to …不定式结构作宾语）
She arranged that Helen should come in to help us at times. （从句作宾语）
v.i. He’ll arrange about that for me.
I arranged with the bank for the mortgage. （抵押贷款）
We arranged with Class 6 to play a game of football.
5、It was wonderful, like a dream come true. 这太棒了，就像梦想成真似的。
这里like是连词=as if，口语用法：
He sounded like he’d only just woken up.
as if
Sam played with the children like he was one of them.
as if
课文中
like a dream come true = like a dream had come true可看作口语省去助动词had。
6、Zhongguancun has had a positive effect on business as well as science.
中关村无论对商业还是对科学都产生了积极的影响。
have an effect on 对……有影响
又例：
It had such a bad effect upon him. 这事对他有了那么坏的影响。
Some films have a misleading effect on kids.
The acid had no effect on the metal. 酸对这种金属不起作用。
7、As Yufang puts it: “We are not making that much money yet, but we are excited about all the new technology and great ideas that are coming to life in Zhongguancun.”
正如裕方所说：“我们现在没有挣那么多钱，但我们为充满活力的新技术与杰出的思维而万分激动。”
这里put意为表达，说出等，又例：
Let me put that in simpler words. 让我简明地说说那事。
She is -- how shall I put it? -- not exactly fat, but rather well–built for her age.
她-我该怎样讲清楚呢？-不是真胖，而是就她年龄来说够壮实了。
8、The success is no accident. 成功决非偶然。
这里accident不是事故，而是偶然之意：
It was just an accident that I found the missing letter.
Last time I ran across her by accident. 上次我遇到她纯属偶然。
9、It seems to be love at first byte for China and computers. 中国与计算机好象是一见钟情。
“一见”一般场合下译为at first sight，因为句中提及计算机就把sight改为byte，成了好句子！又如：
At first byte he fell in love with the QQ girl.
10、Recently, the effect of computers and the Internet has given rise to the idea that we are living in the “Information Age”.
近来计算机与因特网的作用使我们觉得生活在“信息时代”。
give rise to引起：
Lots of farmers’ losing land has given rise to various problems.
The late war, as we all know, gave rise to booming business.
The bad working conditions gave rise to the idea that they were Chinese black slaves.
11、benefit v.（使）获益 n.利益，好处
n. Did you get much benefit from your holiday?
Building subways has brought many benefits to our national economy.
v.t. Rain will benefit the crops.
He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
v.i. I benefited from my father’s advice.
He will benefit from the new way of doing business. 偶尔也可用by代替from.
12、time前置介词的用法：
译为时刻前置at
at the same time 同时 at that time 那时
at a time 一次 at one time 同时，曾经
at times 有时
作“时代”解时介词用in
in modern times 在现代 in Shakespeare’s time 在莎士比亚时代
[语法] 构词法⑴
一、加后缀（suffix）：改变词性。
1、名词n. -- 形容词a.
- ful care - careful beauty - beautiful
- less（反义词尾） home - homeless word - wordless
- y rain - rainy hill - hilly
- en gold - golden wood - wooden
- ly friend - friendly day - daily
- al nation - national nature - natural
- ish child - childish （孩子气的） book - bookish（书生气的）
woman - womanish （娘娘腔的）
-an America - American Europe - European
-ous danger - dangerous fame - famous
2、动词v. -- 形容词a.
-able eat - eatable（可吃的） change - changeable（可变的）
-ive act - active attract - attractive
-ent depend - dependent obey - obedient
3、形容词a. -- 名词n.
-ness kind - kindness careless - carelessness cold - coldness
-th long - length strong - strength true - truth young - youth
-ce patient - patience distant - distance important - importance
absent - absence
-ty safe - safety certain - certainty
-ity real - reality possible - possibility
4、动词v. -- 名词n.
-tion act - action inform - information
-sion decide - decision conclude - conclusion revise - revision
discuss - discussion
-ment develop - development achieve - achievement
-al arrive - arrival refuse - refusal bury - burial
5、形容词a. -- 副词ad.
-ly quick - quickly happy - happily
6、动词a. -- 动作执行者n.
-er work - worker kill - killer write - writer
-or invent - inventor sail - sailor visit - visitor
-ar beg - beggar peddle叫卖 - pedlar 小贩（peddler）
7、形容词或名词--动词v.
-en deep - deepen （加深） short - shorten（缩短）
strength - strengthen（加强）
-ize organ - organize real - realize modern - modernize
唯一改变词性的前缀（prefix）en-：
enlarge (v.放大) enable (v.使能够) encourage (v.鼓励)
同步练习
一、单项选择：
1、He is ________ to go abroad for advanced study.
A. possible B. maybe C. likely D. probable
2、I am able to write such a difficult program ________ a week.
A. for B. within C. in D. through
3、The old man stayed ________ the door of his bedroom for nearly a week. Choose the wrong answer:
A. inside B. in C. within D. behind
4、I’ll arrange ________ the lecture next Thursday.
A. him to give B. him for C. him giving D. for him to give
5、Tears came to his eyes when he _______ his motherland.
A. set foot on B. set his foot in C. set feet in D. set feet on
6、Water pollution has given ______ the growing number of patients with cancer in this area.
A. raise to B. rise in C. raise in D. rise to
7、His invention _________ the whole world.
A. benefited B. benefited from C. was benefited by D. was benefited from
8、You can _______ Max to do whatever he has promised.
A. trust on B. rely in C. rely on D. believe in
9、He put _______ a good plan for the spring outing at the class meeting.
A. up B. forward C. toward D. on
10、That he is able to do anything means he has all-round ________.
A. ableness B. ability C. ablety D. able power
二、阅读理解
“Wash every day, and you’ll die young, my son,” People often said those words long ago, of course.
Napoleon’s wife had new clothes every month, instead of a bath. (“It’s quicker,” she always said). Rich people did not often have a bath. They washed their hands and faces, but not their bodies. Many poor people did not wash at all. A young man once said to a doctor: “Soap and water have never touched my body.” (And the doctor answered, “That’s true, I know …”)
Why didn’t people wash in those days long ago?
Well, they did not have water in their houses. They carried water from rivers or from holes in the ground (=wells). Townspeople bough it from a water-carrier. Sometimes it was expensive; and soap was always expensive. They drank water, of course; and so they were clean inside. They did not think about the outside! And this is true: they just did not like a bath.
Modern life is different. We use a lot of soap and water. And we are all quite clean. However, a few people use too much soap and they often get ill. Who are these people?
Many young women work as hairdressers. They wash and then “dress” other women’s hair. That is their job, and they like it. Young hairdressers sometimes wash thirty heads on a busy day! Their hands are soapy for seven or eight hours; and that is not a good thing. A young hairdresser’s hands are often red and ugly; and she must then go to a doctor.
1、Why did Napoleon’s wife have new clothes every month, instead of a bath? Because ______.
A. she would rather not pay a lot of money for soap and water
B. she cared more for new clothes than for anything else
C. she thought it was easier for her to have new clothes than to have a bath
D. she thought it was not necessary for her to take a bath once a month
2、Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. People didn’t wash in those days.
B. Rich people often had a bath while many poor people didn’t wash at all.
C. Water was hard to get at that time.
D. People didn’t like a bath long ago.
3、The underlined word hairdressers means persons who __________.
A. shape women’s hair into a style
B. cut off women’s hair
C. cut men’s hair
D. wash others’ hair and change its colour
4、According to this article, too much soap and water can ________.
A. make people quite clean outside
B. make people ill
C. make modern life better
D. make people live longer
5、The writer of the article thinks that __________.
A. Chinese civilization is one of the oldest in the world
B. civilization has existed for several thousand years
C. modern civilization sometimes brings about a bad effect
D. civilizations rise and fall
参考答案
一、1、C 2、B 3、B 4、D 5、A 6、D 7、A 8、C 9、B 10、B
二、1、C 2、B 3、A 4、B 5、C