高 二 英 语（第16讲）
主讲：郑天德 （苏州中学）
[教学内容与目的要求]
一、教学内容：
高中英语第二册（上）
二、教学要求：
1、掌握本单元的单词，词组与句型。
2、掌握几句常用口语：
You should always put safety above all. 你应该总是把安全放在第一位。
You must never use your cellphone at the gas station. 你决不可以在加油站用手机。
Make sure that children don’t play with electrical equipment. 确保孩子们不玩弄电器。
3、语法：虚拟语气⑵
[知识重点与学习难点]
一、重要单词：
drown bleed choke electric (electrical) scream witness calm panic ambulance response conscious airway tip slight chest circulate pulse revive recovery chin blanket weave bite tap loose bandage explanation thermometer flashlight
二、重点词组：
first aid 急救 catch fire 着火
upside down 颠倒着的 keep in mind … 记住……
in honor of 向…表示敬意，为纪念……
in case that …
of … 以免/万一 ……
a list of … 一张…… 清单
[难点讲解]
1、Make sure that electric wires are safe and that children can’t reach them.
要确保电线是安全的，确保孩子们摸不着它。
句中第二个that决不能省，这个that决定了后一句也是确保的内容，又例：
I know(that) he is Japanese and that he has married a Chinese girl.
2、Seconds count in an emergency, and knowing what to do can mean the difference between life and death.
在紧急情况中分分秒秒都事关重要，知道怎么办就可能意味着生死攸关。
count原义是数：
Let’s count the votes. 让我们来数一下选票。
He counted to five. 他数到五。
这里转义为有价值，要紧，有严重性，又例：
Every penny counts. 每一分钱都有价值。
It’s not how much you read but what you read that counts.
不是你读的量而是你读的内容重要。
The individual doesn’t count much in the situation.
在这种情形下，个人没什么作用。
White lies don’t count. 善意的谎言不要紧。
3、We can do a lot of good by simply asking “Are you all right?”
只要你问一句“你没事吧？”就可能帮大忙。
good可作名词意为好处：
She only thinks of others’ good. 她只考虑他人的利益。
Perhaps it may do him good to have you here. 也许有你在这儿时他有好处。
The walk has done his liver a lot of good. 散步对他的肝病很有好处。
4、We should check that the person can breathe. 我们应该检查这个人能否呼吸。
这句中that也可用if或whether代之。意义不变，又例：
They checked that/if/whether every door had been locked.
5、If a person is bleeding, we should cover the wound with a clean piece of cloth and press on the wound to stop the bleeding.
如果一个人在流血，我们应该用干净布盖住伤口，压迫伤口止血。
press为按，压等意义，见以下例子的译文：
She pressed down the lid. 她揿下盖子。
Press the button to start the machine. 按下开关起动机器。
My shoe presses my toe. / My toe presses against the shoe. 我的鞋挤脚。
He remained still for some time, with his lips pressed together.
他好一会站住不动，紧抿着嘴唇。
Mom pressed pastry flat and thin before cooking.
妈把面团压得又扁又薄才开始炸。
Press down on the lever. 把杠杆压下来。
He pressed a sack of sand on the leak of the boat. 他把一袋沙子压住船的漏水处。
6、However, after a few hours of study you will manage to know enough to save other people’s lives.
然而，经过几个小时的学习，你就能学会救命的方法：
这句中after短语与将来时连用，本意是after the study而不是after a few hours，试比较：
After two days of discussion, they will reach the agreement.
In two days, they will reach the agreement.
After three hours of hard work, he will succeed in clearing up the deserted garden.
In three hours, he’ll succeed in clearing up the deserted garden.
7、… but most of us will eventually find ourselves in a situation where we or someone else needs help.
但是我们大多数结果会发现我们自己或别人处于需要帮助的情况。
这句中eventually意为结果、最后等等。
It was a long journey, but we eventually arrived.
The house will have to be repainted eventually.
这句中needs是遵从就近原则，又例：
There is a table and six chairs in the dining room.
Either he or I am mad.
Not only students but also the teacher is forbidden to smoke in the classroom.
8、throw up (v.i) / bring up (v.t) 呕吐
Once the poison was brought up, there is no further danger.
一旦那毒药吐了出来，就没有进一步的危险了。
She had too much to eat, and threw up on the way home. 她吃得太多，回家路上都吐了。
9、I jumped down on the ice and ran as fast as I could to where she was.
我跳到冰上，尽快地跑到她落水处。
这里where …可看作名词性从句，作介词to的宾语，但where或where从句一般不与to连用，而看作地点状语，但以下例子，加to较为常见：
Where are you off to? Where are you going (to)?
“I want you to come for a walk with me.”
“Where to?”
“Any where you like.”
She came back (to) where Jane was sitting.
He was free to go (to) where he liked and do what he liked.
[语法] 虚拟语气⑵
一、动词原型虚拟式：
1、用来表示命令、决定、建议、要求等词语之后的that从句：
The king ordered that the cloth (should) be woven right away.
demanded
She urged / advised / preferred that he (should) accept the job.
He made a suggestions that the work (should) be started at once.
suggested / proposed
decided
(cf: His words suggested that he agreed with us. 他的话表明他与我们意见一致。suggest为暗示，表明时不用虚拟式。)
Mary required that John (should) come. 玛丽坚持要求约翰来。
insisted
(cf: Tom insisted that he didn’t cheat in the exam. Tom坚持认为/声称他在考试中没作弊。insist不作坚持要求解时不用虚拟式。)
2、用于important, necessary等形容词之后：
It was important that students (should) come without delay.
It is necessary that students (should) learn English well.
I found it proper that she (should) do the work.
二、过去式型虚拟式，表示与当时事实相反。
I’d rather I were in bed. （事实我已起身）
It’s (high) time that Mr Smith made up his mind. 是史密斯先生该作决定的时候了。
It’s about time he learnt to look after himself. 现在该是他学会照顾自己的时候了。
could learn (只能用could)
要注意It’s (high/ about) time …之后不可接否定式。
I said that it was time we were setting out. 我说我们该动身了。
I would much rather it was forgotten. 我真宁愿把它忘了。
Suppose there were living things on Mars. 假定火星上有生物。
Just imagine aliens from outer space came to our planet.
想象一下，外星人来到了我们的地球。
同步练习
一、单项选择：
1、Make sure that you _____ the books and ______ every light is turned off.
A. put away, / B. put away, that C. will put away, that D. will put away, /
2、Reading novels _______ us _____ good.
A. do, a lot of B. do, much C. does, a number of D. does, lots of
3、_________ the head of the statue and the secret door will open. Choose the wrong answer:
A. Press B. Press on C. Press down on D. Press your hand on
4、Neither Tom nor I ________ playing PC games at present.
A. is B. am C. are D. will be
5、_________ only one hour of sailing in such a storm all the passengers will ________.
A. In, throw up what they eat B. In, bring up what they eat
C. After, bring up D. After, throw up
6、The teacher said that it was time we _______ class.
A. would begin B. should begin C. began D. will begin
7、It is necessary that students _________ more time ______ their studies.
A. spent, on B. should spend, on C. spend, in D. spent, in
8、The teacher gave us the advice that we ____ so many difficult physics problems.
A. not do B. wouldn’t do C. didn’t do D. would do
9、Choose the wrong sentence:
A. He preferred that I should give up smoking.
B. Would you rather I accepted the invitation?
C. The doctor suggested that I gave up drinking alcohol.
D. She insisted that she didn’t tell lies.
10、Going to school is of great importance. You should know you are ______ your future.
A. prepared for B. preparing C. preparing for D. prepared
二、阅读理解：
The soldiers had just moved to the desert, and as they had never been in such a place before, they had a lot to learn.
As there were no trees or buildings in the desert, it was, of course, very hard to hide their trucks from enemy planes. The soldiers were, therefore, given training in camouflage. They were shown how to paint their trucks in irregular patterns with pale green, yellow, and brown paints, and then to cover them with nets to which they had tied small pieces of cloth.
The driver of the biggest truck had a lot of trouble camouflaging it. He spent several hours painting it, preparing a net and searching for some heavy rocks with which to hold the net down. When it was all finished, he went for lunch.
When he came back from his meal, he was surprised and worried to see that his camouflage was completely spoilt by the truck’s shadow, which was growing longer and longer as the afternoon advanced. He stood looking at it, not knowing what to do.
Soon an officer arrived, and he, too, saw the shadow, of course.
“Well,” he shouted to the poor driver, “What are you going to do about it? If an enemy plane comes over, the pilot will at once know that there is a truck there.”
“I know, sir,” answered the soldier.
“Well, don’t just stand there doing nothing!” said the officer.
“What shall I do, sir?” asked the poor driver.
“Get your spade and throw some sand over the shadow, of course!” answered the officer.
1、From this passage you can know ________.
A. there were a lot of trees where the soldiers were stationed
B. the soldiers were staying in an area far from the enemy planes
C. the soldiers knew nothing about desert
D. the soldiers had lived in desert before
2、Which of the following is right?
A. The nets with which they covered their trucks were made of small pieces of cloth.
B. The soldiers tied small pieces of cloth to the nets with which they covered their trucks.
C. The nets covering the trucks were painted pale green, yellow and brown.
D. The trucks were tied to the nets with small pieces of cloth.
3、The soldier was surprised and worried because ________.
A. his truck had cast a shadow in the sun and the enemy plane would find it.
B. the shadow of his truck was growing longer at noon
C. it was late in the afternoon, and he could not get rid of the shadow
D. his newly-painted truck was in the shadow
4、Why didn’t he see the shadow at first? Because ________.
A. he was careless
B. the shadow on sand was invisible
C. it was noon when he finished the camouflage
D. it was in the late afternoon that he went for his lunch
5、What do you think of the ending of the story?
A. It is quite reasonable that the officer ordered the soldier to cover the shadow with sand.
B. We’ll laugh at the officer’s order because it is where the humor lies.
C. Though the officer’s order sounded wise, the soldier couldn’t cover the shadow.
D. The soldier managed to cover the shadow with sand
参 考 答 案
一、1、B 2、D 3、D 4、B 5、D 6、C 7、B 8、A 9、C 10、C
二、1、C 2、B 3、A 4、C 5、B