知识总结与归纳：
（一）单元分析：
主题：英国诗歌：英国诗歌的种类，英国诗人，英国诗歌的发展。
阅读材料：
1. English Poetry：介绍英文诗歌各个发展阶段的概括，代表性的诗人，中国历史上著名的诗人。
2. Songs and Poems：对诗歌的感受。
3. 现代诗歌的诞生。
交际功能：陈述个人的观点。
语法：过去分词做状语。
学习建议：
（1）运用学过的构词知识掌握部分单词的词义，同时借助录音带掌握单词的读音。利用书后的练习：P29；P103-1，2巩固所学的生词。
（2）阅读：充分利用Post-reading中的问题去阅读课文。抓住课文的如下要点：英国诗歌的不同时期的发展，各个时期的代表人物；与中国著名诗人的比较；诗歌翻译的特点等。
（3）语法学习：理解过去分词做时间，原因，条件，让步状语的结构，表达的意义。通过大量的例句理解，句型转换，造句，填空等练习掌握过去分词做状语的用法。
（二）本单元重点单词用法：
1. pattern：型，模式，方式
The cloth has a pattern of red and white squares
The illness is not following its usual pattern.
What is the behavioral patterns that are typical of this social group ?
2. absence：不在，缺席，缺乏；常构成的短语有：absence from：缺席；absence of / in the absence of：缺席，缺乏；absence of mind：心不在焉，神不守舍。
Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.
His repeated absence from school is worrying
In the absence of the manager, I shall be in charge.
In the absence of any further evidence, the police were unable to solve the murder.
3. apart：相隔，相距，除去，单独地。常用的短语：apart from：除了……以外，还有/ 没有，相当于besides 或except的用法。
Oceans apart, day after day, and I slowly go insane.
The boxes stood apart, waiting for the signal to start fighting.
The two villages are three miles apart.
Apart from being too large, it just doesn’t suit me.
Apart from sport, my other interest outside class is music.
4. recommend：推荐，介绍，建议
（1）表达“推荐，介绍”时，后面常跟介词：as; for; to
Ask your teacher recommend poems to you.
They recommended him as a good manager.
The teacher recommended the book for the spare-time reading.
（2）表达“建议”后面接名词，代词后动名词，不定式做宾补。如果接宾语从句，从句的结构应该是：主语+should do 或should be done ……。注意should 可以省略。
The doctor may recommend limiting the amount of fat in your diet.
I recommend you to think very carefully before you do anything foolish.
The committee has recommended that the training programme should be improved.
5. mood：心情，情绪，语气。常用短语：be in good/bad mood; in the mood to do
His moods change very quickly, one moment he’s cheerful, and the next he’s complaining about everything.
The beautiful sunny morning put him in a good mood.
I’m very tired, and not in the mood to argue.
（三）注意下列短语的辨析：
1. call up：召唤，使人想起，调动（力量，人员）；给……大电话；
call on / at ：拜访某人 / 某地
call for：要求，接人
call in ：请来
Poetry also calls up all the colors, feelings, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
Your letter called up the days when we worked together.
The work calls for a lot of time and patience.
The police have been called in to keep order.
2. come into being：出现，形成，产生。（没有被动语态和进行时结构）
come about：出现，产生 come up with：提出，想出
come to term with：甘心忍受，应付
Modern English came into being from about the end of the 16th century.
She helps thousands of men and women come to term with lives.
Instead, the students have decided to come up with a peaceful solution.
（四）课文难点句解释：
1. More than any other form of literature, poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar.
诗歌胜过其他的文学形式，它灵活运用声音，词汇和语法。
注意：more than any other结构的意思：
例：
Rural life has changed more in the past 40 years than at any other time.
No one knows more about the history of my hometown than my grandpa.
The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar.
2. When you have read some Chinese poems, you will have seen and heard some of the features that al good poetry shares.
读过一些中国诗歌之后，你就会看到，听到所有优秀的诗歌共同具有的特色。
Feature：特征，特点。
3. Shakespeare is most famous for his plays. 莎士比亚主要因其戏剧而闻名世界。
Most前面没有冠词，表示：非常，很，相当于very
4. Chinese readers admire his works because of his use of surprising images that reminds them of the works of poets such as Su Dongpo.
中国读者欣赏他的作品，是因为他使用令人惊奇的意象，是使人想起苏东坡等人的作品。
Remind…of….：提醒某人，使某人想起……
5. Besides, no mater how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.
另外，一首诗不管翻译得多么好，都会丢掉原作的一些神韵。
注意：no matter+疑问词+从句：无论……
No matter who told you about some news, you can’t make any comment on it until you check it up.
【典型例题】
一. 单项选择：
1. Eating too much fat can ____ heart disease and cause and high blood pressure.
A. stick to B. attend to C. contribute to D. devote to
分析：contribute to：固定短语：有助于，促成。食用过量的脂肪能诱发心脏病和高血压。
答案：C
2. Do you know when the Great Wall ____?
A. came into being B. was come into being
C. has been come into being D. had been come into being
分析：come into being：出现，形成，产生。没有被动语态。
答案：A
3. I can ____ him to you for the job. He is a very good worker.
A. suggest B. advise C. recommend D. prompt
分析：我可以把他推荐给你做这份工作，他是个优秀的工人。recommend ：推荐；prompt：提升。
答案：C
4. I’m in no ____ this evening to listen to his silly jokes.
A. feeling B. attitude C. mood D. way
分析：be in no mood to do sth.：没有心情做某事。
答案：C
5. When he beat the carpet, the ___ rose in clouds.
A. dust B. soil C. much D. powder
分析：他拍打地毯时，一阵灰尘飞起来。
答案：A
6. The room was furnished in different ___ of grey and yellow.
A. shades B. shelter C. shadow D. shape
分析：这个房间是用深浅不一的灰色和黄色的家具布置起来的。shade：色彩的浓淡深浅
答案：A
7. David ___ as a computer designer.
A. stands for B. stands out C. stands at D. stands in
分析：David是个出色的电脑程序员。stand out：杰出，引人注意。
答案：B
8. Do you think the bill can ____ Parliament ?
A. get along B. get through C. get on D. get up
分析：你认为那个法案能在议会通过吗？
答案：B
9. _____ the injuries to his face and hands, be broke both legs.
A. Beside B. Except C. But D. Apart from
分析：Apart from 相当于besides除……以外，还有。
答案：D
10. In no country ____ Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of single day.
A. other than B. more than C. better than D. rather than
分析：other than（除……以外，没有）：据说除了英国以外，没有人能在其他国家一天之内感受四个季节。
答案：A
【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）
一. 单项选择：
1. Two-thirds of the members in the club ____ the wealthy class.
A. belong to B. are belonged to C. are belonging to D. belonging to
2. ___ the absence of these conditions, it won’t work well.
A. At B. On C. In D. To
3. He has no other interests, ____ his work.
A. far from B. away from C. apart from D. except that
4. The pupils were made to ____ yesterday’s lessons.
A. say B. speak C. tell D. recite
5. All the key words in the article are printed in ____ type so as to attract readers’ attention.
A. dark B. bold C. black D. blank
6. He is quite sure that it’s ____ impossible for him to fulfill the task within two days.
A. absolutely B. fully C. very D. very much
7. Our new china has a flower ___on it.
A. shade B. symbol C. pattern D. sign
8. He recommended that a special committee ____ to look into the incident.
A. were set up B. was set up C. be set up D. set up
9. The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, ___ is often the case in other countries.
A. as B. that C. it D. this
10. The book is said _____ into many languages.
A. translating B. having translated C. to be translated D. to have translated
二. 完型填空：
The little train came to a stop at our station and we got out, very glad to be so near home at last. The ___1__ part of the journey from London had been quite comfortable; ___2___ when we had changed into the little train, we were, already tired and dirty, and the ___3___ run, with its frequent stops at unimportant villages, had only made us ___4__ tired and dirty.
There was a carriage ___5___ for us at the station, ___6___ by two black horses. As soon as we and our bags ___7__ in, the driver waved his whip and we set off through the snowy forest. Even __8___ the forest it was growing dark: it was the ___9__ day of the year, and the sky was __10__ with clouds. Among the trees it seemed as if it was in the middle of a moonless night, the oil lamps on our carriage __11__ just enough light for the driver to ___12___ his way and for us to be able to ___13___ that we were driving between thick walls of trees.
After __14__ seemed like two hours to us ( but was actually only an hour), at last we __15__ my friends house. First we saw a row of lights __16__ came from the windows, and then we were suddenly at the door, __17__ about half a dozen children __18__ all ages shouting and asking questions ___19___ together. As we were getting out of the carriage, a fine old lady with white hair came out, __20__ I recognized without difficulty as my friend’s mother.
1. A. first B. next C. one D. other
2. A. because B. however C. so D. but
3. A. rapidly B. fast C. thirsty D. slow
4. A. even B. less C. more D. much
5. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. was waiting
6. A. pulled B. pulling C. pushed D. pushing
7. A. stepped B. arrived C. already D. were
8. A. in B. near C. outside D. out
9. A. hottest B. longest C. happy D. shortest
10. A. covered B. hidden C. closed D. full
11. A. sent B. gave C. did D. made
12. A. take B. look C. feel D. see
13. A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk
14. A. it B. what C. might D. having
15. A. got B. reached C. visited D. observed
16. A. brightly B. shining C. which D. straight
17. A. with B. and C. seeing D. meeting
18. A. at B. in C. about D. of
19. A. every B. each C. all D. put
20. A. whom B. such C. which D. so
三. 阅读理解：
Hong Kong pop star Zhang Guorong ,46,jumped out of a window of Mandarin Oriental Hotel at the start of April,2003,leaving behind sorrowful fans and（自杀）note which newspapers said was caused by emotional（情感的）problems. His death shocked the public and incident again brought a serious topic to light-suicide.
Zhang was best known globally for his part in the blockbuster film “Farewell My Concubine”, where he played a homosexual（同性恋的）Chinese opera singer. The popular 1993 film won a lot of awards including the world-famous Palmed’ Or at the Cannes Film Festival. However, such achievements could not make Zhang content with his life. It was report that long before his death, Zhang had been suffering from depression（意志消沉）. His tragedy shows we need to learn how to reduce the pressure from our society by happily and naturally facing life. Depression, a mental illness, and suicide have often been highlighted in the past as serious social problems-and for good reason.
According to experts, about 5 to 20 percent of people are suffering from depression, some of whom are not even aware of the illness. And alarmingly, 10 to 15 percent of people suffering from depression will be likely to commit suicide.
Statistics（统计学家）also show suicide is the leading cause of death among young adults. It leads to 3.6 percent of all deaths each year in China, a survey said. Last year, 287,000 Chinese died after committing suicide. The female rate is 25 percent higher than the male rate. For this reason, the media must highlight the negative（负面的）influence of Zhang’s tragedy in its reporting. It is shameful to talk too much about his death. Although his achievements in the arts were great, his final choice cannot be praised, let alone calling his death a “perfect end” to a shining life.
The media should guide people-especially Zhang’s fans-to shake off their sorrow quickly, learn a lesson from their idol’s tragedy, find a release from the pressure of their lives and value their priceless lives.
1. Why on earth did Zhang choose to kill himself in such a way ?
A. Because he was not as popular as he was before.
B. Because he was disappointed at his life.
C. Because he suffered from high pressure from his fans.
D. Because he dropped out of the hotel accidentally.
2. What does the word “blockbuster” in paragraph 2 probably mean ?
A. Most popular B. Very interesting C. Ordinary D. Boring
3. From the passage we can know ____.
A. more men commit suicide than women in our country.
B. suicide only takes a small part in the deaths of young adults.
C. it is not right for the media to report the “perfect end” of Zhang widely.
D. people never content with their achievements and life will often commit suicide easily.
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage ?
A. It made little difference whether Zhang died or not among his fans.
B. It was something happening suddenly that caused Zhang’s suicide.
C. Not all the people who suffer from depression know their case clearly.
D. Zhang called on people to make a choice to value their lives.
5. What’s the best title of the passage ?
A. The End of a Famous Star B. Depression Caused the Tragedy
C. How to Face Suicide D. A Perfect End of Life
【试题答案】
一. 单项选择：
1. A
解析：belong to没有被动语态。
2. C
解析：in the absence of：不在的时候，没有……的时候。
3. C
解析：Apart from相当于except除……以外，没有。
4. D
解析：学生们被要求背诵昨天的课文。
5. B
解析：bold type：粗体字。
6. A
解析：impossible不能被very 或very much修饰。fully：全面，彻底。
7. C
解析：我们的新瓷器上有花纹图案。
8. C
解析：recommend（建议）后接that引导的宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词用should do或should be done结构，should 可以省略，句中set up与主语a special committee具有被动关系。
9. A
解析：英国人对与其不同的文化和行为方式不太熟悉，其他国家也往往如此。As引导非限定性定语从句，修饰前面全句的内容。
10. D
解析：句型is said to have been done ：据说已经被……
二. 完型填空：
1. A
解析：分号把旅途前后两段进行对照，此处是旅途的第一部分。
2. D
解析：but表示转折，前一段旅行comfortable，而后一段却tired and dirty,形成鲜明的对比。
3. D
解析：the表明run是名词，表示小火车的行进旅程。下文with its frequent spots at unimportant villages 表明此处火车行驶的很慢。
4. C
解析：even 和much 是修饰比较级的。根据上下文提到的旅途劳累，应填more
5. C
解析：有一辆马车正在站台等我们。Doing短语做定语.
6. A
解析：后面的介词短语by two black horses表明用pulled，过去分词短语做定语修饰carriage。
7. D
解析：根据句意和结构，此处应填be动词。
8. C
解析：根据it was growing dark 和even 判断,此处是指outside。
9. D
解析：本句进一步解释前一句it was growing dark，一年中白天最短的时候，天黑得最早。
10. A
解析：天空布满乌云。Be covered with结构。
11. B
解析：give light指发光。
12. D
解析：上文 the oil lamps on our carriage gave just enough light表明，驾车人能看清道路。
13. A
解析：而我们也能知晓我们正行驶在浓密的森林中。Tell在此表示：知晓。
14. B
解析：what表示时间，相当于the time which
15. B
解析：我们终于到达了朋友的家。Reach：及物动词，后面直接接地点。
16. C
解析：__16__ came from the windows是定语从句修饰lights, 有which引导。
17. A
解析：以下三个空的句子是含with +名词+doing结构的伴随状语。
18. D
解析：all ages：不同年龄，表示多大年龄的人用介词of 连接。
19. C
解析：all together：大家一起。修饰前面的shouting and asking questions.
20. A
解析：先行词the old lady 表明此处应当是由关系代词whom引导的一个非限定性定语从句，并在从句中做recognized 的宾语。
三. 阅读理解：
1. B
解析：从第二段第四句His tragedy shows we need to learn how to reduce the pressure from our society by happily and naturally facing life. Depression, a mental illness, and suicide have often been highlighted in the past as serious social problems-and for good reason.表明，生活中的压力使其意志消沉，因为这种情绪长期得不到排解而自杀。
2. A
解析：这句话的意思是Zhang因 “Farewell My Concubine”这部影片而一炮走红，闻名于世。说明blockbuster意思是most popular。
3. C
解析：从第四段最后两句For this reason, the media must highlight the negative (负面的) influence of Zhang’s tragedy in its reporting. It is shameful to talk too much about his death. Although his achievements in the arts were great, his final choice cannot be praised, let alone calling his death a “perfect end” to a shining life.表明媒体不应该广泛地报道他的“perfect end”。
4. C
解析：根据第三段第一句According to experts, about 5 to 20 percent of people are suffering from depression, some of whom are not even aware of the illness.可知并不是所有的人都能意识到这种现象的严重性。
5. A
解析：本文通过一个演艺明星自杀事件而引出的联想，说明艺人成功背后所承受的压力。鼓励我们要关爱生命，珍惜自我。