知识梳理
Ⅰ.网络构建
词汇 单词 deadly imaginary *quiz false *route blood prevention persuade defenceless illness treatment unprotected *sex lack proper cheer discourage cheernetwork specialist curable meaningful fierce stranger strength recover fighter *contrary *aid drown bleed ink wire container electrical *upside scream calm tip slight chest wound recovery blanket motorcycle sudden bite tap *loose explanation flashlight
词组 live with die of cheer（...） up suffer from on the contrary catch fire for the moment free from first aid upside down keep in mind roll over in honour of in case of
语法 虚拟语气
Ⅱ.重点精讲
●重点单词
1.persuade
例句集锦
v.
（1）She is not easy to persuade.
她不容易说服。
She persuaded me to wait.她劝我等待。
She tried to persuade him to change his mind.
她试图劝他改变主意。
Can you persuade her into/out of wearing that dress?
你能劝她穿（不穿）那件衣服吗？
（2）I couldn’t persuade him that she was a thief.
我无法使他相信她是个小偷。
How can I persuade you of my sincerity?
我如何能使你相信我的真诚？
用法归纳
*persuade 主要用作及物动词。主要有两个义项：说服；使相信。主要搭配形式为：persuade sb. to do sth.；persuade sb. into doing sth.；persuade sb. out of doing sth.；persuade sb. that-clause。
特别提示
persuade sb. to do sth.意为“说服某人做某事”，强调结果；而advise sb. to do sth.和try to persuade sb. to do sth.意为“劝某人做某事”，强调动作。
2.lack
例句集锦
n.
She suffered from a severe lack of sleep.
她苦于严重的睡眠不足。
We have no lack of food.
我们不缺乏食物。
We cannot discuss the details now for lack of time.
因时间有限，我们现在无法讨论细节。
v.
（1）She lacks common sense.她没有（缺乏）常识。
She lacked the confidence to make friends.
她缺乏交朋友的信心。
（2）We lack for nothing.我们不缺任何东西。
They did not lack for money.他们并不缺钱。
用法归纳
*lack可用作动词（vi.＆vt.）和名词。主要义项有：缺乏，不足；不足之物，欠缺之物。
特别提示
lack用作名词时常与介词of连用，用作动词常与介词 for连用。
3.drown
例句集锦
v.
（1）Betty tried to drown herself in the lake.
贝蒂企图投湖自杀。
He drowned a kitten.他淹死了一只小猫。
（2）The noise from the airplane drowned his voice.
来自飞机的噪音淹没了他的声音。
The streets were drowned by the floods.
那条街道被洪水所淹没。
Mary’s eyes were drowned in tears.
玛丽的眼睛泪汪汪。
（3）He tried to drown his sorrows in drinks.
他试图以酒消愁。
（4）He drowned himself in his job.
他埋头工作。
（5）She was drowning.她快要淹死了。
He fell from a bridge and drowned.
他从桥上掉下去淹死了。
A drowning man will catch at a straw.
［谚语］快淹死的人连一根草都会抓住；急不暇择。
*drown可用作动词（vt.＆vi.）。主要义项有：使溺死，淹死；淹没；消除；忘却。
●重点短语
1.for the moment
例句集锦
I have nothing to do for the moment.
我目前没事做。
Stop the discussion for the moment.
请暂停讨论。
We’re happy living in a flat for the moment,but we may want to move to a house soon.
目前我们住在单元房很满意，不过我们不久也许想住个独门独院的房子。
相关归纳
（1）for a moment 片刻，一会儿
Let me speak for a moment.
让我说一会儿。
For a moment,I almost had nothing to say.
一下子，我几乎什么也说不出了。
Could you wait for me for a moment？
你能等我一会儿吗？
（2）in a moment 转瞬间，马上
All her imaginary happiness vanished in a moment.
她想象中的幸福霎时全部烟消云散了。
Mr Green will come to see you in a moment.
格林先生马上会来看你的。
（3）at the moment（用于现在时）此刻；（用于过去时）当时
They are doing nothing at the moment.
他们此刻什么事也没干。
I’m busy at the moment.我此刻忙。
She was sleeping at the very moment.
就在那时她正在睡觉。
特别提示
注意moment构成的短语中不同冠词的使用。
2.catch fire
例句集锦
The house caught fire.房子着火了。
If a pan of oil catches fire,turn off the gas and cover the pan quickly.
如果油锅着火，关掉煤气，立即盖上锅。
With the strong wind,the cottage catches fire easily.
由于大风，茅屋很容易着火。
相关归纳
（1）（be） on fire着火
The company caught fire last night and it is on fire.
那家公司昨晚着火了，现在还在烧。
When he arrived,he found the house was still on fire.
他到的时候，发现那幢房子还在烧。
The fire has been on fire for half an hour.
那场火已经烧了半个小时了。
（2）make a fire生火
They made a fire to keep warm.
他们生火取暖。
The old woman was about to make a fire to cook dinner when someone knocked at the door.
那位老夫人正要生火做饭，这时候有人敲门。
（3）start/light a fire点火
They started a fire to be seen by the rescuing team.
他们点火好让援救队看见。
（4）put out the fire扑灭大火
The fire had been put out before the firemen arrived.
消防队员还未赶到大火就被扑灭了。
The fire guards often find campfires that have not been put out completely.
防火警备员经常发现未完全熄灭的营火。
（5）set...on fire/set fire to纵火，放火烧
The Japanese set fire to his house.
日本人烧了他的家。
Nobody knows who set the house on fire.
没有人知道谁烧了那幢房子。
特别提示
注意fire所构成的短语中定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词的使用。
3.on the contrary相反地
例句集锦
I thought it was going to clear up.On the contrary,it began to rain.
我原以为天气会放晴，相反地，天开始下雨了。
-You’ll get tired of it.
你会厌倦它的。
-On the contrary,I’ll enjoy it very much.
正好相反，我会很喜欢它的。
相关归纳
（1）to the contrary相反的（地），有相反的证据
She says she didn’t go there,and there is no evidence to the contrary.
她说她没有到那儿去，且没有与她的话相反的证据。
I’ll expect you on Monday unless I hear to the contrary.
我期待你礼拜一来，除非我接到你相反的通知。
I know nothing to the contrary.
与此相反之事我一概不知。
（2）by contraries有相反的情形，与预期相反
Many things in our lives go by contraries.
在我们的生活当中，许多事情与预期相反。
She said that dreams go by contraries.
他说梦境预兆相反的事。
●必背句型
wish+宾语从句
教材原句
“I wish I could remember more about my mum,” Xiaohua says,“I wish she were here with me and that we weren’t sick.”
“我真希望我对妈妈的记忆能更多一些，”小华说，“我真希望她就在我身边，而且我们都没患病”。
特别提示
wish后跟宾语从句用虚拟语气：与现在事实相反用过去时，与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与将来事实相反用过去将来时或过去时。
补充例句
（1）I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year round.
但愿北京全年是秋天。
She wishes she were still living with her grandmother.
她希望仍和祖母住在一起。
（2）I wish I hadn’t spent too much money.
我后悔不该花那么多钱。
He wishes he had not lost the chance.
他真希望没有失去机会。
（3）I wish it would stop raining.
但愿雨能停止。
I wish you would come soon.
但愿你立刻来。
疑难突破
1.silent,quiet,still,calm,noiseless
silent 主要指人“沉默的,不出声的”，但不一定无活动。quiet意为“安静的,宁静的”，指人时表示生性安静，不易激动；用于自然环境时，指没有干扰活动、没有喧闹声的寂静状态。still意为“安静的，不动的”，不指心理状态，指环境和人“静的，静止的”状态。 calm意为“镇静的，平静的”，主要指人“沉着镇定”，指自然界“无风无浪”。 noiseless意为“声音很轻的，无声的”,常用来形容机器。
应用
（1）This is a ______ typewriter.
（2）In order not to lose the job,he kept ______ about the matter.
（3）It is a ______ place；I enjoy living here.
（4）Mary is a ______ girl.
（5）He remained ______ in face of danger.
（6）Stand ______ while I take a photo of you.
（7）We visited Beijing in ______ weather.
答案：（1）noiseless （2）silent （3）quiet （4）quiet （5）calm （6）still
（7）calm
2.suggest，advise，persuade
suggest v. 作“建议”讲时，常见结构有：suggest sth.建议某事；suggest doing sth.建议做某事；suggest one’s doing sth.建议某人做某事； suggest that sb.（should） do sth.建议某人做某事；作“预示”讲时，构成句型 suggest sth.和 suggest that-clause（不用虚拟语气）。
advise v.“建议，忠告”，构成句型：advise sb.to do sth./advise doing sth./advise that sb.（should） do sth.。
persuade v. “说服”，构成短语persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事，等于persuade sb.into doing sth.。
应用
（1）I ______ my father to give up smoking,but he didn’t listen to me.
（2）He finally ______ them to sing for free.
（3）I ______ he help his brother with the farm work while he is free.
（4）His pale face ______ that he is in poor health.
（5）My ______ is that the meeting（should） be put off till next Monday.
（6）-When shall we start off ?
-I ______ tomorrow morning.
（7）Can you ______ me what to do next ?
答案：（1）advised （2）persuaded （3）suggest/advise （4）suggests （5）suggestion （6）suggest/advise （7）advise
典例剖析
【例1】（2004年辽宁，26）Maybe you have been to many countries,but nowhere else ______ such a beautiful palace.
A.can you find B.you could find
C.you can find D.could you find
剖析：第一个分句中使用现在完成时态，第二个分句常使用现在时，排除B、D项；含有否定意义的副词放在句首时，该句要用部分倒装，排除C项。
答案：A
【例2】（2004年福建，28）-How do you ______ we go to Beijing for our holidays?
-I think we’d better fly there.It’s much more comfortable.
A.insist B.want
C.suppose D.suggest
剖析：根据本句的谓语用原形这一现象可知用suggest。按句子结构的划分，这句话是含有插入语的特殊疑问句。插入成分的动词是suggest时，主句的谓语动词多用should+动词原形，should可省略。insist一词也有该用法，但与句意不符。如果用suppose之类的词作插入语，此句的谓语应该是将来时。
答案：D
【例3】（2004年福建，32）-I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
-You ______ her last week.
A.ought to tell B.would have told
C.must tell D.should have told
剖析：情态动词+have+过去分词说明的是过去。根据状语last week和本句意义，应该选should have told，意为“本应该上星期告诉她，但你却没有”。
答案：D
【例4】（2004年广东，35）-Do you mind if I open the window?
-______ I feel a bit cold.
A.Of course not. B.I’d rather you didn’t.
C.Go ahead. D.Why not?
剖析：由I feel a bit cold看，答话者不愿开窗。A、C、D都表示“要开窗”的意思。
答案：B