Unit4 Family and friends 语言目标
［教学过程］
一、语法：
1、形容词比较级与最高级
大多数形容词有三个等级：
原级：即原形。
比较级：表示“较……”或“更……一些”等意思，在汉语中含有比较关系的意义。
最高级：表示“最……”的意思。
（1）形容词比较级常用于两者（人或物）之间的比较，通常用一个由连词than引导的状语从句来表示“和……相比”，为了避免重复，从句中有些成份可以省略，而把相比部分突出出来。如：I think it’s nicer than yours . 我以为这个比你的好。I think this one is bigger and cheaper than that one . 我认为这个比较大还便宜。
有时在上下文明确的前提下，可以不用than,而直接用比较级。如：Mr. Smith is old. Mr. Lee is older .=Mr. Lee is older than Mr. Smith.
（2）形容词最高级常用于三者或三者以上的比较中，表示“……最……”，前面通常要加冠词，后面可带of/in 等短语来说明比较的范围。如：
The Yangtze is the longest river in our country. 长江是我国最长的河流。
Lily is the tallest of the three. 莉莉是三个当中最高的。
（3）形容词比较级和最高级的构成：
规则变化：
构成方法 举例
单音节及少数双音节词 一般情况 直接加-er, -est small-
smaller-smallest
以字母“e”结尾的形容词 加-r ,-st nice-
nicer-nicest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词 去y变i 加-er， -est heavy-
heavier-heaviest
以“一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节的形容词 双写词尾字母，再加-er, -est big
bigger- biggest
构成方法 举例
部分双音
节词及多音节词
任何情况 在词前加
more或most beautiful-
more beautiful-
most beautiful
注：有些双音节形容词的比较级，既可加-er ,-est ,也可以在词前加more , most ; 但以-y和-ow结尾的双音节形容词多半只能加-er 或-est 。如：
clever-cleverer/more clever- cleverest/most clever
happy-happier-happiest
narrow-narrower-narrowest
2、名词所有格
在英语中，特别是表示有生命的名词，可以加’s表示所属关系，名词的这种形式我们称为名词的所有格。
（1）名词词尾加’s的所有格
①一般情况在名词后加’s。如：That boy’s coat is in the room. 那个男孩的衣服在房间里。
②在以s结尾的名词（包括以s结尾的复数名词）后面，只加’。如果复数名词不是以s结尾的，末尾也要加’s.如：Today is September 10th ,Teachers’ Day. 今天是九月十日，教师节。Children’s Day is coming,I should buy something new for my daughter.儿童节马上就要到了，我应该为我的女儿买一些东西。
③表示词组内的并列名词各自的所有关系时,须在各个名词后加’s。如：They are John’s and Kate’s rooms. How beautiful they are ! 这是约翰和凯特的房间。它们（指房间）太漂亮了！
④表示某人的家、店铺等的所有格，一般可以省略它后面所修饰的名词。如：My father and I will have dinner at the Johnson’s(home). 我爸爸和我将去约翰逊的家吃晚饭。We will have our hair cut at the barber’s (shop)tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我们要去理发店理发。
⑤有些指时间、距离、国家、城镇等的名词，也可以加’s构成所有格。如：There is something important in today’s newspaper .今天的报纸上有一些重要的东西。It’s about ten minutes’ walk from school to our home every day .每天从学校到我们家步行大约需要十分钟。
（2）由of 短语构成的所有格
表示“无生命的名词”一般与of 构成短语，表示所有关系。如：There is a river on the other side of the road. 在公路的另一边有一条河。
The boy’s name=the name of the boy
二、语言目标：
1、重点句型
――How many people are there in your family? 你家有几口人？
――There are three. 有三口人。
Your brother looks taller than mine. 你的哥哥看起来比我的哥哥高。
How many uncles have you got ? 你有几个叔叔？
I’ve got only one uncle. 我只有一个叔叔。
She is often helpful. 她总是乐于助人。
She is never angry. 她从不生气。
They never go to school together. 他们从不一起上学。
When’s Grandma’s birthday? 奶奶的生日是什么时候？
It’s on the fifteenth of April. （奶奶的生日）是四月十五日。
2、语言点
（1）look 在此句中用作连系动词，意为“看起来”。
后面跟形容词。如：You look well/fine/healthy. 你看起来很健康。
The teacher looks happy. 老师看上去很高兴。
She looks pale. 她面色苍白。
（2）They are happy to be together. 他们在一起很高兴。
be happy to do sth. 意为：“很高兴做某事”。
be + 形容词+ to do ,动词不定短语作状语，表示目的、原因、方法、程度等。如：I am sorry to hear that your mother is ill . 我很抱歉听说你的妈妈病了。
（3）It’s on the fifteenth of April.(奶奶的生日)是在四月十五日。
此句的同义句为：It’s on April fifteenth.
on 用于日期、星期前。如：We often go to the park on Sundays.我们星期天经常去公园。
（4）日期的读法
日期用序数词表示，书写时，序数词前的the 和词尾（-st ,-nd ,-rd , -th）可省略，但读时要念出来。如：4月21日写作：April 21(st )读作：the twenty-first of April
（5）英语月份的名称及其缩写形式：
月份开头的第一个字母必须大写。
January(Jan.);February(Feb.);March(Mar.);April(Apr.);une(Jun.) ;August(Aug.) ;September(Sep.) ; October(Oct.) ; November(Nov.) ; December(Dec.)
【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）
一、单项填空
1. Li Lei and I _________ look young .
A. both B. all C. are D. is
2.I ’m three years _______ than my sister.
A. bigger B. shorter C. taller D. younger
3 .-- Where do you _________ .
--I __________Shenyang .
A. live, live B. live in , live in C. live , live in D. live in, live
4. Your room is ________ than _______.
A. bigger, mine B. bigger , me C. big ,mine D. big , me
5. We live in _________ flat.
A. same B. the same C. different D. the different
6. How many _________ have you got?
A. aunt B. money C. sisters D. cousin
7. What do you call your brother’s daughter?
A. Nephew B. Niece C. Cousin D. Sister
8. My uncle and my aunt ______ a son.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
9. _________ are in the same flat.
A. Lisa and me B. I and Lisa C. Lisa and I D. Me and Lisa
10. Look at the _________.
A. family tree B. family’s tree C. family’s trees D. amily trees
二、选择并抄写单词
1. I’m sorry _______ (be ,to be )late .
2. She is a happy girl. She’s __________(always, never ) angry .
3. She always shares her books _________(in ,with ) me .
4. My English teacher is _______(helpful, help).
5. Chinese people are _________(kind ,happy )to the foreigners.
6. March is the ______(three ,third ) month of the year.
7. _______ (Paul and Kitty’s , Paul’s and Kitty’s) mothers are both teachers.
8. My birthday is _______ (on ,in ) the tenth of October.
9. When is your ________ (father ,father’s)birthday?
10. Christmas is ________(a , an ) important festival in USA.
11. What’s your_________(job , works)?
12. A__________ (doctor, farmer ) works in a hospital.
13. He puts______(out ,off ) fires.
14. David is a _______(cooker , cook ).
15. Look at the _________(waiter ,waitress ). She is my sister.
三、字母组词
1. We live in __________(f f e d r i n t e ) estates .
2. We often study ________ (o t h g t e r e ) after school.
3. Are you ___________ (p h a p y ) to see each other again?
4. What can you _______ ( h a s e r ) with me ?
5. What do you _________ (s a u l u y l ) do on weekends ?
6. Spring Festival usually comes in January or _________(b r a r f e u y ).
7. When is ________(a g d r o n ) Boat Festival?
8. Do you _________ (m b m r e e r e ) what I said?
9. It is ________ (m o r p i a n t t ) to study English.
10. How do you celebrate your __________ (i r a y d b t h )?
四、单词组句
1. family bigger Li Lei’s mine than is (.)
___________________________________________________________
2. city same live they in the (. )
____________________________________________________________
3. is photo family this the my of (. )
___________________________________________________________
4. never by go I school to taxi (.)
_____________________________________________________________
5. workers both are they (.)
________________________________________________________
【试题答案】
一、1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. A
二、1. to be 2. never 3. with 4. helpful 5. kind
6. third 7. Paul’s 8. on 9. father’s 10. an
11. job 12. doctor 13. out 14. cook 15. waitress
三、1. different 2. together 3. happy 4. share 5. usually
6. February 7. dragon 8. remember 9. important 10. birthday
四、1. Li Lei’s family is bigger than mine.
2. They live in the same city.
3. This is the photo of my family.
4. I never go to school by taxi.
5. They are both workers.