Unit 5
Nelson Mandela---a modern hero
The First Period Reading
By QianMin
From FuTian Middle School
一、Teaching Aims 教学目标
Teaching contains
From page 33-35
1.Target language语言目标
a. 重点词汇和短语
period, advise…on, continue, fee, fare, gold, be worried about, out of work, stage, vote, position, accept, violence, as a matter of fact, blow up, put in prison, equal, make + O + adj, imagine, in one way, blankets, degree, allow sb to do, guard, stop from, educated, come to power, beg for, terror, fear, cruelty, reward, rights, be proud to do.
b. 重点句子
It was in 1952 and he had opened a black law firm to advise poor black people on their problems. P34
After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. P34
He told me how to get the correct papers so I could in Johannesburg. P34
2.Ability goals 能力目标
Talk about great people
Express your points of view
Use the Attributive Clause with prep. Or the Relative Adverbs: Where, when, and why
Learn to write a passage about a great person.
3.Learning ability goals 学能目标
Improve the Ss’ abilities of listening and speaking.
Enable the Ss to understand the important events completely.
Enable the Ss to get a good mastery of some words and expressions.
Enable the Ss to learn about the expressions of some famous people
Enable the students to learn how to talk about the famous great people.
二、. Teaching important points 教学重点
Understand the real meaning of the hero / heroine
Who is your hero / heroine ?
Why do you like him / her so much ?
三、Teaching difficult points 教学难点
The Attributive Clause ( 2 ) --- where, when, why.
Use the Attributive Clause with prep. Or the Relative Adverbs: Where, when, and why
Learn to write a passage about a great person.
四、Teaching methods 教学方法
Fast reading and careful reading
Asking and answering activity to check the student’s understanding of the text.
Individual, pair or group work to finish each other
Discussion
五、Teaching aids 教具准备
Slide projector, Tape-recorder, computer
六、Teaching procedures and ways 教学过程
Step 1 Revision
Go over what has been learned in the last period.
Who do you admire greatly? Yao ming Luxun Newton
Step 2 Background about some characters
William Tyndale
William Tyndale ( 1484-1536 ) was a 16th century priest and scholar who translated the Bible into an early form of Modern English. Although numerous partial and complete English translations had been made from the 7th century onward, Tyndale’s was the first to take advantage of the new medium of print, which allowed for its wide distribution. Beside translating the Bible, he also held and published views which were considered heretical, first by the Catholic Church, and later by the Church of England which was established by Henry VIII. Because his Bible translation also include notes and commentary promoting these views. His translation was banned by the authorities, and he himself was burned at the stake in 1536, at the instigation of agents of Henry VIII and the Anglican Church .
Gandhi
Gandhi ( Oct,2 1869- Jan, 30, 1948 ) was one of the founding fathers of the modern Indian state and an influential advocate of pacifism as a means of revolution. He helped bring about India’s independence from British rule, inspiring other colonial peoples to work for their own independence and ultimately dismantle the British Empire and replace it with the Commonwealth .His principle of satyagraha , often roughly translated as “ way of truth ”, has inspired generations of democratic anti-racist activities including Martin Luther King , Jr and Nelson Mandela . He often stated his values were simple: truth and non –violence.
Neil Alden Armstrong
Neil Alden Armstrong ( Aug, 5 1930 ) is an American pilot , astronaut, and the first person to walk on the moon .He was born in Wapakoneta , Ohio and served in the Korean War as a jet fighter pilot for the US. Navy. He attended Purdue University, where he was a member of a fraternity, Phi Delta Theta , and received a Bachelor of Science degree in 1955. The he became a civilian test pilot for NASA and piloted the 4000 mi/h X-15 rocket plane. From 1960 to 1962 he was a pilot involved in the cancelled U.S During the actual mission, he took manual control of the Lunar Module Eagle and piloted it away from a rocky area to a safe landing. Several hours later he climbed out of the LM and became the first person to flub line on the moon, with the words “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.”
Abraham Lincoln
President Abraham Lincoln, the sixteenth president of the United States (1861- 1865 )
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein is one of the greatest scientists of the century in the world. He was born in Germany. His theory in physics helped the world to know more about the universe. So he was given the Noble Prize in 1921. However , in 1930s , because of Hitler’s rule, he was forced to leave his homeland and go to the U.S.A. He lived the rest of his life there and died in 1955, at the age of 76.
Marie Curie
Marie Curie ( 1867- 1934 ) , Polish scientist , ws born in Warsaw , on Nov 7th , 1867 , and died in France, on 4th July 1934. She graduated in Mathematics and Physical Science and got married in 1895 with the French physicist , Pierre Curie. During her work , the Curie couple discovered a new radioactive element named polonium in honor to Marie’s homeland . Together with Becquerel, she obtained the Noble Prize for Physics in 1903. She founded the Radium Institute of Paris , and was the main responsible until her death. In 1911 she was awarded the Noble Prize for Chemistry.
Sun Yatwen
Sun Yatwen ( Sun Yixian , Sun Zhongshan , SunWen 1866- 1925 ) is considered the founding father of modern China. Born in a peasant family . He was accorded the appellant of “ pioneer of the revolution ”
Qian Xuesen
He is widely considered as the “ father of the Chinese space program ”. As one of the leading rocket engineers at the California Institute of Technology. In the 1990s , he , who had worked on top-secret projects all his life, become one of the most well – known intellectuals.
Step 3 Reading
Get the students to comprehend the passage quickly and accurately, and
meanwhile help the Ss to form a good habit of reading. Read the passage on P34 to
get the answers to Part 1 and Part 2 of comprehending.
Silent reading
Read the text through in 3 mins, and then try to find the main idea of the text:
It tells us sth. that happened before Read the passage on Page 34 to get the answers to Part 1 and Part 2 of comprehending. ( 5 mins )
Understanding ideas
1. Why did Elias support Nelson Mandela?
2. What problems did Elias have?
3. Why did he support violence when he did not agree with it?
4. What would you have done if you were Elias?
Discussion of ideas
Here are some possible questions students could talk about:
1. Why did the white people not treat black people fairly in South Africa?
2. How do you think the white people stopped the black people from being treated fairly?
3. Is it right for some people in one country to treat other people in the same country differently? Give a reason
Read the text again and summarize the main idea of each part. (work in group of four). Ask the Ss to pay attention to the first sentence of each paragraph.
How many parts can this text be divided into? (2 parts )
Give the main idea of each paragraph
Part 1: (Para. 1----2 ) The life of Elias’ life before he met Nelson Mandela.
Part 2: ( Para. 3 and 5) The change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela did.
Do Exercises 1, 2 and 3
Careful study
Read the text again carefully, after that, answer the following questions
Step 4 Extensive Reading
Get the Ss to learn more about Nelson Mandela from P38
Finish the related exercise
Who do you think is a great person?
What do you think I should do then?
Which food do you think is healthy and which is unhealthy?
Choose the answer which you think is correct in the following.
Are you willing to do public service work without pay?
Step 5 Speaking & talking
Talk about your hero/heroine
Discuss in pairs to talk about the qualities great people have.
Sa: In my opinion, a great person is someone who should be hardworking, determined, unselfish and generous. If he/she works hard, no matter how great the difficulty he/she meets, he/she will try to deal with it. If he/she is unselfish and generous, he/she will help others without pay and get respect from others. If he/she is determined /she will never lose heart when he/she is in trouble.
Sb: As far as I know, a great person is someone who should be kind, brave, determined and confident. As a great person, he first should be kind-hearted. Only when he is kindhearted, he can help others when they are in trouble. Second, he should be brave. When he is facing danger, fear or terror, he would no be afraid. And he should be determined and confident. When he has confidence he will never lose heart in front of failure.
T: I think both of you said are very good, thank you.
Step 6 Language points
1. be willing to do sth
be willing for sb. to do sth.
will n. 意志, 意愿 wish n. 心愿, 愿望
I’m willing to help you.
I’m quite willing for your brother to join us.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
It’s my best wish to you !
2. Do you easily lose heart when you are in trouble?
lose heart ( 不可数 ) 灰心, 泄气
lose one’s heart to 爱上, 喜欢
Please don’t lose heart, you still have more chances.
She lost her heart to him as soon as she saw the handsome soldier.
at heart 从内心来说
heart and soul 全心全意
break one’s heart 心碎
put one’s heart into 把全部心思放在
learn / know by heart记熟
3. in trouble
ask for trouble 自寻麻烦
make trouble 制造麻烦
take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事
get into trouble 遇到麻烦
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
save / spare trouble 省事
1) He never came except when he is __________ ( 有麻烦 )
2) Don’t imagine that you’re the only person _________ ( 不幸 )
3) The boy _______ ( 出事了 ) when he left home to live in London.
4) That’s none of your business. Please don’t _______ (自寻麻烦)
Keys:
1. in trouble 2. in trouble 3. got into trouble 4 ask for trouble
4. he fought against the German Nazis and Japanese invaders during World War
fight +n. 与------ 作战 / 打架
fight for 为了----- 而战
fight against 与------作战 / 斗争
fight with 与------作战 / 并肩作战
fight back 还击, 忍住
fight a battle. 战斗
fight one’s way back ( out ) 费很大劲恢复, 打回去
They told the workers to fight for their rights.
We will have to fight against difficulties.
If the enemy comes, we’ll fight back.
5. He gave up a rich life for his ideas and fought for his country to be free from the UK in a peaceful way.
give up 放弃
give in 让步
She has given up her life to nursing the sick.
Don’t give up halfway.
You can’t win the game, so you may as well give in.
6. He fought for the black people and was in prison for thirty years.
be in prison 在狱中
go to prison 入狱
put ----- in prison
send ---- to prison
throw ---- into prison 把 ----- 投入监狱
be taken to prison 被关进监狱
They broke into prison and set free the soldiers who had been imprisoned.
He has thrown in prison for five years and you may see him at home nest year.
注意: 以上短语prison前不带冠词,若表示在监狱工作或去办事,就要加冠词
7….only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
当修饰状语位于句首时, 句子采用部分倒装的结构,而修饰主语时句子不用.
Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be be able to master English.
Only when the war was over was he able to return home
Only in this way can you hope to make improvement in the operating system.
8. advise vt.
advise + n.
advise sb. to do
advise doing
advise sb. on sth.
advise + wh- + to do
advise + that ( should ) + do that-----
a piece of advice
1. We are often advised _____ notes in class, but few do so.
A. taking B. take C. to take D. took
2. My sister advised me that I ______ accept the job.
A. would B. might C. could D. should
3. The old man often advised the young workers on ______ the machine and they learned quickly.
A. to operate B. how operate C. how operating D. how to operate
4. I advised _____ until the right time but they wouldn’t listen .
A. to wait B. waiting C. waited D. on wait
Keys : CDDB
9. We choose to attack the law.
choose + n . 选中
choose from / between 从------选择
choose sb. + as / for 选某人当-----
choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选物
choose + wh- + to do
cannot choose but do 只好做----
1. Some people say that they _______ to live in the countryside.
A. enjoy B. feel like C. choose D. don’t to
2. No doubt her husband could have told her , but he didn’t ______ .
A. choose B. choose to C. choose from D. choose to do
3. There are five pairs _______ , but I’m at a loss which to buy.
A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing
Keys : CBB
Step 7 同义词比较
first of all at all after all
first of all 表示“首先，第一”。
at all表示“根本，到底”，常用于否定句或疑问句中
after all表示“毕竟，到底，终究”。请比较：
If you want to pass the next test first of all you must work harder than before． 如果你想通过下次考试，首先你就要比以前下更多的功夫。
The lady likes classical music but she doesn’t like pop music at all．
那位女士喜欢古典音乐，但她一点都不喜欢流行音乐。
You must let him try once again． After all he has done this job for the first time． 你一定要让他再试一次，毕竟他是第一次做这种工作。
question problem；trouble；matter
四个名词都可译为“问题”。
question指主观存在的疑虑，疑问
problem指客观存在和遇到的疑难问题
trouble表示“麻烦，问题”，指客观存在并且有点棘手的问题
matter表示“事情，麻烦”，指具有某种特征的事例。请比较：
The father wondered how to answer his son’s question．
那位父亲不知道该如何回答儿子的问题。
People still have many problems when they want to cure SARS now．
现在，人们要想治愈“非典型性肺炎”仍然还有许多问题。
The young man has got some trouble while he is walking across the field． 那个年轻人在横穿田地时惹了一些麻烦。
It is still a serious matter that some people drive after having drunk．
一些人酒后驾车仍然是一个严重的问题。
besides except except for but
这四个介词或短语都表示“除了” 。
但是besides强调包含在内，意为“除了……以外还有”
except强调排除在外，不包含在内，表示“除……外”
except for表示“除了”，引出一个相反的原因或事例
but也表示“排除在外，不包含在内”，相当于except，但它通常与某些不定代词如nothing， all， anything， no one，anyone等连用。请比较：
Besides football John likes playing basketball and volleyball．
除了踢足球以外，约翰还喜欢打篮球和排球。
All the boys took part in this activity except Li Ming． He went to Hefei with his parents then． 除了李明，所有男生都参加了这次活动。他那时和他的父母一起到合肥去了。
Your composition is very good except for some spelling mistakes in it． 你的作文写得很好，除了里面有一些拼写错误。
Nobody but Mr Wu will talk to the man．除了吴先生，没有谁愿意跟那个男子谈话。
Discussion of ideas
Retell the text according to the mean idea
Homework
Exercise 1 and 2 on page 71
Copy the left new words and expressions