用英语进行书面表达,涉及到英语知识的各个方面,掌握好英语句子结构是写好书面表达的基础。以下根据现行中学英语教材,将各种句子归纳为十二类英语句型,前五类是最基本的英语句型,而其余几类句型和各种英语句子又都是这五类句型的扩展。学习、掌握了这些基本句型,对于联词组句会大有帮助,也会促进英语作文能力的提高。
第一类句型 主语+系动词+表语
例句:You are a student./ He is no longer what he used to be./ The sun looks bright in the sky.
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
1. to become a scientist, his, is, wish (他的愿望是当科学家。)
2. next year, fourteen, my son, will be (我儿子明年14岁。)
3. well, didn’t, yesterday, I, feel (我昨天感到不舒适。)
第二类句型 主语+(不及物动词)谓语+(状语)
例句:The sun has risen./ They worked day and night./ She stood smiling at me.
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
4. her husband, waited for, she, to come back(她等待着她丈夫回来。)
5. library, the, came, she, into (她进了图书馆。)
6. so as to, the first bus, got up early, he, catch (他起床很早,以便赶上头班公共汽车。)
第三类句型 主语+(及物动词)谓语+宾语
例句:She is watering the flowers./ She couldn’t keep back her tears./ We spend a lot of money on books.
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
7. the students, doing, their homework, are (学生们正在做家庭作业。)
8. to do, each day, he, tried, a good deed (他努力争取每天做一件好事。)
9. before, remember, I, seeing, somewhere, her (我记得在哪儿见过她。)
第四类句型 主语+(及物动词)谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
例句:He gave me some beautiful pictures./ Would you fetch some water for the children?/ She told the students (that) the old man was her father.
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
10. the purse, handed, he, to the teacher (他把钱包交给了老师。)
11. whose order, we, is, it, will, show you (我们会让你看看,这是谁的命令。)
12. cost, the, bike, new, 300 yuan, him (买这辆自行车,他花了300元。)
第五类句型 主语+(及物动词)谓语+宾语+宾补
例句:The boy kicked the door open./ We thought it better for you to take the medicine in time./ The boss made the workers work long hours.
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
13. monitor, him, of our class, we, elected (我们选举他当班长。)
14. he, her, to be a dancer, wanted (他想让她当个舞蹈家。)
15. it, a pity, consider, that, I, he has given up studying English (我认为他放弃学英语真可惜。)
第六类句型 祈使句结构
例句:Come in, please./ Be careful not to touch it./ Don’t read in a moving bus.
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
16. piece, paper, pass, her of, a (递给她一张纸。)
17. be, silly, so, don’t (别这么傻。)
18. the boy, please, in, let (请让这孩子进去吧。)
第七类句型 感叹句结构
例句:What a silly boy he is!/ How wonderful to be invited to a palace ball!
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
19. silly, a, is, he, boy, what (他是多么蠢的孩子呀!)
20. hard, they, how, working, are (他们干得真起劲!)
第八类句型 疑问句结构
例句:Were they busy yesterday?/ Which book is yours?/ Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?./ You are tired, aren’t you?
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
21. go, with you, Tom, did, there (汤姆和你一起去那里了吗?)
22. to school, yesterday, who, the earliest, came (谁昨天到校最早呀?)
23. like, or, sports, you, do, music (你喜欢运动呢,还是喜欢音乐?)
24. leave, wouldn’t, will you, for long, you (你不会离开太久,对吗?)
第九类句型 否定句结构
例句:He is not an engineer./ I shall not ask him for help./ Nobody can work it out.
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
25. on the table, a book, isn’t, there (桌上没有书。)
26. come to, yesterday, didn’t, he, school (他昨天没上学。)
27. from, is, none, the, of, students, Shanghai (这些学生没有一个是上海人。)
第十类句型 并列句结构
例句:Tears appeared in her eyes, but he did not notice it./ The composition is all right; however there is room for improvement./ We must hurry, or we’ll be late.
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
28. spring, the trees, and, turned green, came (春天来了,树变绿了。)
29. nobody, found, so, he, he, went away, in the room (他发现室内无人,所以就走了。)
30. must be ill, didn’t, this morning, she, she come to school, for (她一定是病了,因为他今天上午没上学。)
第十一类句型 复合句结构
例句:Whether we can solve the difficulty still remains a question./ His suggestion is that we go to Beidaihe to spend our holidays./ I wish I could enter college./ The man who is standing by the door is our English teacher./ I’ll write to you as soon as I get there./ The news that the Chinese Women’s volley ball team has won the world’s championship soon spread over the whole country.
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
31. to go, at once, wants, may, whoever, go (无论谁想走,就可以马上走。)
32. who, the question, have, is, a try, will, first (问题是谁先试一试。)
33. he, him, would, the king, set, replied, free, that (国王回答说,他会释放他的。)
34. I, in Swiss, bought, the watch, which, yesterday, is made (我昨天买的手表是瑞士造的。)
35. began to cry, when, saw, his mother, the boy, he (那男孩看到他妈妈时就哭了。)
36. the earth, the sun, we all, the fact, moves, know, that, around (我们知道这个事实:地球围绕太阳转。)
第十二类句型 强调句结构
例句:It was your sister that I met in the zoo yesterday./ It was yesterday that I met your sister in the zoo.
练习:根据汉语意思重新组合下列各句(注意首词第一个字母要大写)
37. they, who, it is, tomorrow, will have a meeting (就是他们明天要开会。)
38. the Second World War, that, was, it, died, he, during (他就是在第二次世界大战期间死的。)
注:由于答案简单,故略。