Unit8单元考点点拨与考例分析
1．Leave her where she is.把她留在原地。
考点：where是连接副词，在此处引导地点状语从句。又如：
You should remember it’s a rule to put your schoolbag where it was.
考例：She found the calculator _______ she lost it.
A．where B．when C．in which D．that
分析：本题选A。where在顺中引导地点状语从句，表示“她在她丢失计算器的地方找到了它”。
2．You mustn’t move someone if they are badly hurt.如果一个人受了重伤，你千万不要挪动他。
考点1：mustn’t move表示“千万不要挪动”。must的否定式表示“禁止做某事”，语气很强。常译为“不许、不准”等。如：
You mustn’t go swimming in the river alone.
你可千万别独自一人在河里游泳。
考例1：Johnny, you _______ play with the knife, you _______ hurt yourself.
A．won’t; can’t B．mustn’t; may
C．shouldn’t; must D．can’t; shouldn’t
分析：本题选B。第一空应填mustn’t，表示“不允许玩刀“，有禁止之意；第二空填may，表示“会被刀割伤”的可能性。
考点2：hurt既可作及物动词，表示“使受伤、伤……的感情、使心痛”等；也可作不及物动词，意为“痛、损害”等。如：
The driver was badly hurt in the accident.（hurt为及物动词）
The patient told the doctor that his head hurt badly after he was caught in the heavy rain.（hurt为不及物动词）
考例2：My chest _______ when I make a deep breath, doctor.
A．harms B．wounds C．hurts D．injures
分析：本题选C。harm意为“损害、伤害”；wound指（刀、枪等）使受伤；hurt指“感到疼痛”；injure则指意外事故的“损害、伤害”。
3．First aid, if it is quickly and correctly given, can save a person’s life.急救如果迅速得法，就能够挽救一个人的生命。
考点：由if引导的条件状语从句的位置比较灵活，可放在句首、句中或句末。如：
If you come earlier, you’ll see Mr white.
You can speak English smoothly if you practise every day.
This dog, if you give it a piece of meat, won’t bite you.
考例：________ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.
A．Having checked B．Check
C．If you check D．To check
分析：本题选C。分析句子的结构可知该句的前半部分为一条件状语从句，故排除B、C、D三项。
选题角度：
主要分析本单元的考点与考例分析，帮助学生掌握本单元的知识点及其延伸。
易混词语例题分析
1．lay ／lie
1）I'll go and _____ down for a while．
2）_____ all these things in the corner．
3）I never thought you would have _____ to me．
4）The old hunter is _____ trap for the tiger．
5）He has _____ in bed for a long time．
6）She found the man dead，_____ on the ground．
7）The hen _____ an egg in the henhouse．
分析：lay是及物动词，作“放置”、“下蛋”解，其过去式和过去分词都是laid。lie是不及物动词，作“躺”、“位于”解时是不规则变化动词，其过去式和过去分词分别是lay， lain；作“撒谎”解时是规则变化动词，其过去式和过去分词都是lied。
1）lie 2）Lay 3）lied 4）laying 5）lain 6）lying 7）laid
2．deal with ／do with
1）I don't know what to _____ the waste materials．
2）What's the best way of _____ thieves？
3）The books _____ Asian problems sell well in colleges．
4）How did you _____ matters of this sort？
5）That man is easy to _____ ．
分析：二者都可表示“对付、应付、处理、安排”之意，但 deal是不及物动词，可与how连用；而do是及物动词，只有与with一起连用才可表达上述含义，且常与what搭配连用。deal with还可表示“谈论、涉及到”、“与……相处”等意义，而do with无此用法。
1）do with 2）dealing with ／doing with 3）dealing with 4）deal with 5）deal with
3．injure ／hurt ／wound ／harm ／damage
1）What he said _____ his sister greatly．
2）Smoking and drinking can _____ one's health．
3）The robber _____ him with a knife．
4）The earthquake _____ several houses．
5）Don't _____ your eyes by reading in dim light．
分析：hurt是普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、情感上的伤害；injure比hurt正式，多指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失；harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情；damage主要是指因自然灾害或人为原因造成的事物在价值、用途、外观等方面的损失；wound主要是指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等。
1）hurt 2）injure 3）wounded 4）damaged 5）harm
4．silent ／quiet／still／calm
1）They lived a _____ life in the countryside．
2）He was _____ for a moment，then began his answer．
3）The city is _____ again after yesterday's riots．
4）Stand _____ while I take your photograph．
5）When you hear the sad news，please keep_____ ．
分析：quiet侧重于因无骚扰产生的“安静”；而silent主要指人“沉默不语的”；still“静止的”，侧重于完全不动和完全无声响；calm指海“无浪的”、天气“无风的”，也可指情绪“镇静的”。
1）quiet 2）silent3）calm 4）still5）calm
5．notice ／pay attention to
1）In class we should _____ what the teacher says．
2）Did you _____ anyone come into the room？
分析：pay attention to表示“思想、注意力集中”，要对事物“加以注意，引起重视”的意思；notice（vt．）意为“注意”，是指“观察；看”的意思。
1） pay attention to 2）notice
选题角度：
主要对相近词及词组的辨析，通过例题分析，帮助学生能够熟练掌握词汇及其运用。
情态动词例题
例题1．He must have been asleep at the time, ____ he?
A. mustn't B. needn't C. hadn't D. wasn't
分析：must＋have十过去分词表示对过去行为的推测，其反意疑问句有两种形式，即一般过去时或完成时，受题中at that time的制约，答案只能选一般过去时。此题答案是D。
例题2－There were already five people in the car and they managed to take me as well.
－It ____ a comfortable journey.
A. can't be B. shouldn't be
C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been
分析： can’t be“不可能是”与shouldn’t be“不应该是”均与题意不符。对过去的动作、状态的推测，can／could只用于疑问句和否定句中，表示“一定不会是”；而如果把C．mustn’t have been改为肯定就对了，因为 must+ have done表示对过去发生的动作、状态的推测，它的否定形式为can’t have done或 couldn’t have done，故选D。
例题3 Peter ____ come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.
A. must B. can C. may D. will
分析：这道题是并列句，虽然第一分句子成立，即 Peter今晚愿意跟我们来，但与第二个分句不一致。这里isn’t very sure yet很重要，说明还没有定下来。如果对“not sure”这个暗示给予足够的注意，就会选择C，may表示可能。如果用can来表示“可能”，要放在疑问句或否定句中。而must表示“必须”，此处不合题意，故被排除。此题答案是C。
例题4 I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I ____ for her.
A. had to write it out B. must have written it out
C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out
分析：此句第一分句，可见没有写出来，在第二分句也“本应该写出来”却没有写。在这四个选项中，只有C能；只能表示“应该做”，而不能表示“却没有做”这个意思。所以答案是C。
词汇用法例题
例题1：She was______ in the car accident．
A. hurt B. wounded C. injured D. damaged
分析：injure指在意外事故中受伤。wound多指枪弹或刀剑等锐器故意施加的伤害。hurt除指肉体的伤害外，也可指感情上的伤害。damage主要指对价值和功能的损坏，多用于无生命的东西。此题答案是 C。
例题2：We do not know how to ________ these waste materials.
A. deal with B. do with C. agree with D. begin with
分析：deal with是“处理，对待，应付”之意，常与how搭配，构成how…deal with即“怎么处理……”；do with 即“处理，对待，应付”，常与what搭配，构成“what…do with”，意思是“怎样处理”；agree with“同意某人的观点”；begin with“从……开始”。根据句子的意思，首先排除C、D，再根据搭配又排除B，故答案是A。
例题3：－Are you going to watch the game?
－I'm sure ____, for it promises to be a close one.
A. so B.I will C. not D. I won't
分析：I'm sure I will意为“我肯定将去”。根据后半句话的意思 for it promises to be a close garnet进一步推测出将去看比赛，故选B。
例题4：I will look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little ____.
A. wait B. time C. patience D. rest
分析：该题根据搭配首先排除A。该题句意，所以排除 B和 D项。此题答案是C。
例题5：I had been working so hard for several weeks that I decided ____ and relax (放松) over the weekend.
A. take it easy B. to take it easy
C. take it easily D. to take it easily
分析：decide to do something意为“决定做某事”；take it easy意为“别着急，放心好了”， 此题答案是B。
例题6：When she came several days later, she found that all the things still____ where she had ____ them.
A. lay; laid B. laid; laid
C. lay; lain D. lying; lain
分析：lie-lied- lied – lying（撒谎），lie – lay – lain-lying（平躺，位于），lay – laid – laid - laying（放置）。lie作名词，解释为“谎言”，是个可数名词。此题答案是A。