Unit 10 American Literature
重点词汇讲解
1.outcome n. 结果;结局;后果[S1][(+of)] I think there can be but one outcome to this affair. 我认为这件事只可能有一种结局。 She was satisfied with the outcome of her efforts. 她对自己努力的结果很满意。 2.weep vi. 1.) 哭泣,流泪[(+over/for)] The girl wept over her sad fate. 那女孩为自己悲惨的命运而哭泣。 Mother wept for joy. 母亲高兴得流眼泪。 2.) 悲叹,哀悼[(+over/for)] We all wept in silence for the deceased. 我们都默默为死者哀悼。 vt. 流(泪);哭泣 The little girl wept herself to sleep. 小女孩哭着哭着入睡了。 n. 哭泣 3.furnish vt. 1.) 给(房间)配置(家具等);装备[(+with)] How are you going to furnish the house? 你将如何布置房子? 2.) 供应;提供[(+with/to)] I’ll furnish you with all you need. 我将提供你所需要的一切。
例.She rents a furnished flat. 她租了一套备有家具的单元房。
【拓展】
furnish A with B(=furnish A to B) 为某人提供某物
furnish sth with sth 为某物提供家具4.attend to 1.) 注意;致力于 You should attend better to your studies. 你应该更专心于学习。 2.) 关心;照料;护理 The nurse is attending to a sick man. 护士正在照料病人。 5.do up 1.) 修理 The room needs doing up. 这房子需要修缮。 2.) 使穿上 She was done up in her Sunday best. 她穿着节日盛装。 3.) 使精疲力尽 He was done up after the long trip. 长途旅行后他精疲力尽。
do away with 摆脱；废除，取消/do for 照料/do out 收拾，打扫；整理
/do out of 抢劫；骗走，骗去/do up 系上；扣上/ have sth. to do with 和…有关系
/do with （前面与could, can连用）需要;有关系/have nothing to do with 和…没有关系
/ do without 没有某事物也行
5.pale a. 1.) 苍白的,灰白的 She was pale with fear. 她吓得脸色发白。 2.) (颜色)淡的 Her beauty seemed pale beside Mary’s. 她的美貌与玛丽的相比似乎显得黯然失色。 He wore a pale blue tie. 他戴一条浅蓝色的领带 6.approve vt. 1.) 赞成,同意;赞许 The professor does not approve the government’s foreign policy.
那位教授不赞成政府的外交政策。 2.) 批准;认可 The city council has now approved the scheme for the erection of a new public library. 市议会业已核准建造一座新的公共图书馆的计划。
例.The mayoress approved the new building plans.女市长批准了新建筑计划。vi. 赞成;赞许 [(+of)] I’m afraid your parents won’t approve of your going there. 我担心你父母不会赞成你到那儿去。
My parents don't approve of me smoking cigarettes.我的父母不准许我吸烟。
例.I don't approve of wasting time. 我不赞成浪费时间。
例.I don't approve of smoking. 我不赞成抽烟。
approval n. 【u】 赞成；赞许;批准
例.He showed his approval by smiling. 他用微笑表示赞成。
【拓展】on approval 供试用的（不满意可退货）/approve sth批准某事
/approve of sb/sth喜欢人（事）7.shave vt. 1.) 剃去...上的毛发;刮(脸)等 shave one’s face 刮脸 2.) 刮(胡子等)[(+off/away)] He shaved off his beard. 他剃掉了胡须。 vi. 1.) 修面,刮脸 He shaves every morning. 他每天早晨刮脸。 2.) 挤过,勉强通过 He shaved through the math exam. 他勉强通过了数学考试。 n.[C] 1.) 剃刀,刮胡刀;刨刀 2.) 修面,刮脸[S] I need a shave. 我需要修面。 8.comb n.[C] 1.) 梳子;(羊毛等的)毛刷,马鬃刷 2.) 女人头发上梳状的饰物 3.) (用梳子)梳理[S] My hair needs a good comb. 我的头发需要好好梳理一番。 vt. 1.) 用梳子梳理 The mother combed the child’s hair. 母亲梳理了孩子的头发。 2.) 彻底搜查[(+for)] We combed the city to look for our lost dog. 我们搜遍了全城寻找我们走失了的狗。 9.at length 1.) 最后,终于 At length, we began to understand what she wanted. 最后,我们总算弄清楚她到底要什么。 2.) 详细地 He talked at length about his work. 他详细地谈了他的工作。 10.flash vt. 1.) 使闪光;使闪烁[(+at)] Why is that driver flashing his lights at me? 那个司机为何用灯照我? 2.) (向...)闪现出[(+at)] I flashed a warning glance at them. 我向他们投去警告性的一瞥。 3.) (火速地)发出(电报,电讯等);使迅速传遍 The news was flashed around the world. 这一消息迅速传遍世界各地。 vi. 1.) 闪光,闪烁 The stars flashed in the night sky. 夜空中群星闪烁。 2.) (想法等)掠过,闪现 A thought flashed through my mind. 我脑子里闪过一个想法。 3. 飞驰,掠过 A car flashed by. 一辆汽车疾驰而过。 n. 闪烁,闪光[C]
There was a flash of lightning a moment ago. 刚才有一道闪电。 12. rare adj. 罕见的；珍奇的;煮得很嫩的
例.That bird is very rare in this country.
那种鸟在这个国家很稀有。
例.Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.
贾斯珀.怀特是那些少有的相信古代神话
rarely .adv. 难得，很少
例.She is old and rarely goes out. 她年纪大了，很少外出。
例.He rarely comes here anymore. 现在他难得来这儿。
13. pride n. 自负；骄傲;自尊（心）;自豪
例.She showed us her new home with great pride.她非常得意地给我们看她的新家。
例.Pride goes before a fall.(谚); Pride will have a fall.(谚).骄者必败。
例.wound a person's pride.伤害一个人的自尊心
例.have a pride in one's son .为自己的儿子感到自豪
【拓展】
take pride in (=be proud of)对。。。。感到自豪
pride oneself on sth/ doing sth以。。。自豪；对。。。。感到自豪
14．worn adj 破烂的；损坏的
例.the worn pockets on a jacket.夹克上的破兜。
【拓展】sth be worn out某东西破了/wear sth away 磨损, 消逝, 衰退, 磨减, 消磨, 虚
wear sb/sth down削弱/wear off 逐渐减弱, 消失, 磨损, 耗损
wear sth out 消瘦, 穿破, 用坏, 克服/wear sb out 消磨, 疲劳
15.baggage n. (=luggage) 行李;（军队的）行装
例.Baggage should be checked in at least an hour before the flight.
行李须于飞机起飞前最少一小时前检查。
16.simplify vt. 使简易；使易做；简化
例.The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier to understand.
这个故事里的英语被简写了，可更容易理解。The subject is immensely complex, and hard to simplify. 这个题目非常复杂,并且很难简化
【拓展】
simple adj. 朴素的；朴实的;简单的，不复杂的;单纯的；绝对的;正直 的
simple clothes 朴素的衣服
例.The little boy can already do simple problems in arithmetic.
那小男孩已经能做简单的算术题。
例.a woman of simple goodness .纯真善良的女人。
simply adv简单地；容易地；朴素地；清楚地；自然地;仅，只;真地
例.He is simply a workman.他只是一名工人罢了。
例.She looks simply lovely.她看起来的确可爱。
例.That basketball game we watch last night on television was simply divine!
我们昨天晚上电视里看的那场蓝球比赛真是好极了!
simplicity n. 简单；简易；朴素；朴实；单纯
17．let
let down 扫（某人的）兴；失约/let in 让…进来，放…进来
let off 放（炮），投放（炸弹）;（与with连用）宽恕；赦免；从宽处理
let on 泄漏（秘密）/let out 加宽，放宽（衣服）;放出
let up 放松; 减弱，停止
Teaching aims:
1. Goals:
Talk about American Literature
Practise predicting and describing what a story might be about
Review all the verb tenses
Write a book review
2. Special focus:
Improve reading skills and Enlarge vocabulary.
a. Direct Ss to read the 3 passages on the text book;
b. Guide Ss to learn to use the following words and expressions:
Contribute to, adapt to, get accustomed to, garment, shabby, take pride in, attend to, etc.
Period 1 Reading
A Sacrifice for Love (1)
Step 1. Warming up
Task 1. guide the students to get to know some famous American writers and their works by the forms of a competition:
The Adventure of Tom Sawyer ---- Mark Twain
The Beast in the Jungle ----Henry James
A Farewell to Arms ----- Ernest Hemingway
The Old Man and the Sea ----- Ernest Hemingway
Adventures of Huckleberry Finn ----Mark Twain
The Gift of the Magi ---- O. Henry
The Call of the Wild ----Jack London
The Scarlet Letter ---- Nathaniel Hawthorne
Step 2. Scanning
Task 2. Read the passage and try to answer the questions:
What’s the story about?
What are Jim’s wages?
What price does Della pay to buy her present?
What are the couple’s two most precious possessions?
Step 3. While-reading:
Ask students to fill in the chart to see if they have got a general understanding of the whole passage.
Main Idea
Paragraph 1 Della wept because she had little money to buy Jim a present this Christmas.
Paragraph 2 Della and Jim’s living conditions.
Paragraph 3 Della wanted to buy Jim a Christmas present, which was worthy of being own by Jim.
Paragraph 4 The young couple owned two precious things, one was Jim’s gold watch, and the other was Della’s hair.
Paragraph 5 Della’s beautiful hair.
Paragraph 6 Della decided to sell her hair in order to buy a present for her beloved.
Paragraph 7 Della got twenty dollars and then she began to buy Jim a Christmas present.
Paragraph 8 She spent 21 dollars on a gold watch chain.
Paragraph 9 Della did her hair and looked like a little school girl.
The main idea of the passage: The story tells that a woman called Della sold her beautiful hair to buy her husband a Christmas present ---- a gold watch chain.
Step 4. Post-reading
Choose the best answers:
1. Who is (are) the main character(s) in this part of the story? 答案：A
A. Della B. Jim C. The Youngs D. None of the above.
2. When did the story take place? 答案：C
A. On Christmas Day B. On Christmas Eve
C. The day before Christmas D. None of the above.
3. Where did the story take place? 答案：A
A. At Della’s home B. At stores
C. At barbershops D. None of the above.
4. Why did Della count her money for three times at the beginning? 答案：C
A. She got nothing to do.
B. She could make more money by counting it.
C. She could hardly believe that was all she had.
D. She was thinking how to save the money.
5. According to the sentence in Paragraph 2 “She stood by the window…”, we can infer that . 答案：B
A. Della likes grey.
B. Della felt very upset.
C. The place Della lived was ugly.
D. There was a very interesting scene.
6. Della got only a little money for Christmas Day, because . 答案：B
A. She was not good at bargaining with others.
B. She got paid a little but had great expenses.
C. She could not save as every penny as possible.
D. She had just bought a present for her husband.
7. According to the passage, which sentence is NOT true? 答案：C
A. The Youngs got two possessions in which they took great pride.
B. Della had very long beautiful hair.
C. Jim had a gold watch that had been his parents’ and grandparents’.
D. The young couples lived a poor live.
8. These are the reasons why Della had her hair cut, EXCEPT .答案A
A. She wanted to make a living.
B. She planned to buy her husband a present.
C. She loved her husband so much.
D. She could get some money by doing so.
9. According to Paragraph 8, Della finally found a present -- a gold watch chain . 答案：B
A. which was exactly made for Jim.
B. which could not be found in other stores.
C. which cost her twenty dollars.
D. which belonged to her husband.
10. How would the story go when Jim saw his wife’s new hair style? 答案：C
A. Jim would probably kill his wife.
B. Jim would laugh at his wife.
C. Jim would have a complex feeling.
D. Jim would like Della’s new hair style as she looked like a Coney Island choir girl.
Decide whether the following sentences are true or false.
1)James Dillingham Young is a rich young man. ( F )
2)One dollar and eighty-seven cents wal all the money that Della had saved for months.( T )
3)Della lives in a house with many trees and flowers around it.(F )
4)The living cost was greater than Della had expected.( T )
5)Jim and Della are a married couple.( T )
6)She hesitates to have her hair cut off and sell it.( T )
7)Della thinks having a haircut will make Jim happy.( F )
8)James Dillingham Young was Della’s husband.( T )
9)Della had a large sum of money to buy Jim a Christmas gift.( T )
10)There were two possessions of this family-Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.( T )
Step 5 Homework
Finish all the exercises on Word Study and Grammar on p86-87.
Period 2. Integrating Reading Skills
A Sacrifice for Love (2)
Step 1. Revision
1. Check the Ss how further they understand the American literature.
2. Check the homework. If necessary, give some examples to review the different tenses of verb.
Exercise 1 &2 on p220-221 is specially designed to check the Ss if they are familiar with the Grammar.
Step 2. Scan the passage and find the main idea, then analyze the passage if possible.
Task: Read the passage in three minutes, and sum up every paragraph with one sentence:
P1: Della was anxious to wait for Jim and was afraid that Jim’s love would go without her beautiful long hair.
P2: Jim was burdened with the family and had no money to buy even e new overcoat or gloves.
P3: Jim stared at Della with a strange expression on his face.
P4: Della explained why she had her hair cut off.
P5: Jim was still confused.
P6: Jim was awake and expressed nothing could make him love Della any less.
P7: Della was so happy when she sea a set of beautiful and expensive combs Jim bought her.
P8: Della showed him her gift---- a gold watch chain that was worthy of his gold watch.
P9: Jim told Della he sold his watch for her combs.
Step 3. Read the passage again and appreciate the “love” again, and then finish the exercises attached to the passage.
Step 4.Extensive reading:
Ask the students to find more short stories by American writers to read after class.
课文重难点注释：
1.Twenty dollars a week does not go far. (Para.3 p84) 每周20美元根本就不够用
go far （钱等）耐花，价值大(常用于否定句);效力大，大有帮助；成功
Although he earns 1000 yuan a month, It doesn’t go far for his family.
2.Expenses had been greater than she had calculated. Expense: 名词 意思是“开销，费用，花费”
1) at great /little/ no expense 花费很大/很少/ 没有花费
2)at the expense of sb/sth “以… 为代价”
He saved the girl at the expense of his life.
3)at one’s (own) expense 由/让某人付费The dinner was at my own expense.
3.Be worthy of sth/ being done/ to be done
worthy 作形容词,意思为“有价值的， 值得的， 配得上”
1)He is worthy of your trust.他值得你的信任
2)Your advice is worthy of being considered.= Your advice is worthy to be considered.
你的建议值得考虑
4.She pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length.（第5段）
她披散开头发，让它尽情舒展开来
And then she quickly did it up again.（第5段）她很快把头发梳理好
do up 系，扣；收拾，整理；打扮，梳妆
do up the buttons系纽扣/do up the furniture整修家具
do up the rooms粉刷房间/do up presents包礼物
5.in any company与任何人在一起
in one’s company与某人在一起
be fond of company好交际
be in good/bad company=keep good/bad company与好人/坏人来往
keep sb.company陪伴某人
for company作为陪伴，为应酬
in company with sb.=in one’s company与某人一起
keep company with sb.与某人结交
part company (with sb.) （与某人）分开/断绝关系
e.g.As the journey was a long one,he took a friend with him ________.
A.along B.together C.for company D.as a company
语法系列复习专题-----动词时态，被动语态
一、一般现在时
在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。例如：There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。
二、现在进行时
1.代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。例如：The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。
2.大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。常见的有：exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget,
believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等。
三、现在完成时
注意点：1、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
2、短暂动词（即瞬间动词），join,lose,buy,borrow,leave,go,come,arrive,
die,marry, finish,complete,begin,start,break out等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。例如不能说：He has finished the work for three hours.要翻译“他已完成工作三小时了。”可采用1）“ago法”：He finished the work three hours ago.2）“延续法”：He has been through(with)the work for three hours.3）“since法”：It is/has been three hours since he finished the work.
四、现在完成进行时
1.用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（或今后还要继续一去）的动作。例如：He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00./ It has been raining for two days.
2.凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。
五、一般过去时
六、过去进行时
1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须用时间状语表示）。例如：He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.
2.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行。例如：They were still working when I left.
3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生。例如：I was writing while he was watching TV.
4.表示过去将来动作。例如：He said she was arriving the next day.
七、过去完成时
1.表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。例如：He had shut the door before the dog came up./ Everything had been all right up till this morning.
2.表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成，甚至还要继续下去。例如：At the age of ten,he had learned 500 English words.He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.
3.常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、打算或意图。例如：We had expected that you would be able to win the match.
八、一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作和存在的状况。有下列一些形式：
1.will/shall do （侧重将来行为，不突出计划安排去做某事）
2.be going to do (主观上打算或客观上可能发生)
3.be doing (按计划将要发生，常和表示最近的将来时间连用)
4.be about to do (按计划即将发生)
九、将来完成时
用来表示在将来某个时刻（前）将完成的动作。常和by短语，when,before引起的时间状语连用。例如：We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.注：当句子的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等时，被
动语态有两种形式：（A）谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。（B）用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语在后面用主语从句来表示。如：
People say he is a smart boy.
It is said that he is a smart boy.
He is said to be a smart boy.
People know paper was made in China first.
It is known that paper was made in China first.
Paper was known to be made in China first.
类似句型有：It is said / known / suggested / believed / hoped/ thought that
时态考点分析
1．--Can I join your club,dad?
--You can when you______a bit older. (NMET)
A.get B.will get C.are getting D.will have got
析：“You can”是将来意，when引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时表将来所以此题答案为A.
2．--Oh,it’s you!I______you.
--I’ve just had my hair cut and I’m wearing new glasses.
A.didn’t recognize B.hadn’t recognized C.haven’t recognized D.don’t recongnize
析：从“Oh,it’s you!”可知说话时已认出对方。“没有认出”是在此之前为过去情况，所以应选A.
3.I don’t think Jim saw me;he______into space. (NMET)
A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared
析：在空白处应选一个与“saw”相配，能解释Jim didn’t see me 这一原因的选项，只有着眼于A、B。若选A不能体观他“当时正在做”某事，故排除A而选B。这样因为“他正在望宇宙天空”所以“未看到我”。
4.--______my glasses?
--Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago. (NMET)
A.Do you see B.Had you seen C.Would you see D.Have you seen
析：现在完成时可表过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果，问话人以这样的时态发问可作现焦急的心情。故答案为D。
5.You don’t need to describe her.I______her several times. (NMET)
A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet
析：答案B。道理同4。
6.--Do you know our town at all?
--No,this is the first time I______here.
A.was B.have been C.came D.am going
析：根据this/it is the first/second/…time sb.has done sth.句型，可定答案为B。又如：This is the second time he has visited the Great Wall.
7.I don’t really work here.I______until the new secretary arrives. (NMET)
A.just help out B.have just helped out
C.am just helping out D.will just help out
析：根据I don’t really work here.以及…until the new secretary arrives,可知说话人所要做的事是计划安排行为，C、D两个选项都表将来动作，但D非计划安排，C则体现按计划去做，所以此题答案为C。
8.--Is this raincoat yours?
--No,mine______there behind the door. (NMET)
A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung
析：此题的“悬挂”是指现状而言，故表过去“挂”的B、D项可排除。C项虽指“现在挂”，但侧重在常规，习惯。为了突出“你所指的那件雨衣不是我的，我的正挂在门后”这一意思，选A是极为合情理的。
被动语态
一、被动语态的句型
1.常见句式是：主语（受动者）＋be＋过去分词＋（by＋施动者）
例如：He was scolded by the English teacher.
2.主语＋get＋过去分词＋其它成分
例如：The boy got drowned last summer./ She got fired because of her faults.
注意：使用这种结构不能带有“by＋施动者”
3.带有双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动句变为动句，其主语可以是直接宾语，也可以是间接宾语。例如：She lent me a bike.被动：1）I was lent a bike(by her).
2）A bike was lent to me(by her).
4.情态动词＋be＋过去分词
例如：This problem must be worked out in half an hour.
5.双重被动式：主语＋被动式谓语＋不定式的被动式＋其它成分
例如；These magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room./The murderer was ordered to be shot.
二、主动表示被动的几种情况
1.不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见动词是：cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等。例如：This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。These books sell well.这些书好卖。The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。Meat wont keep long in such hot weather.肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。
2.一些连系动词的主动式＋形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。例如：The apples taste good./The flower smells wonderful./The news proved/turned out true./Cotton feels soft.注：prove也可用于被动式，如：His answer(was) proved right.
3.不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。常见形容词有：hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：The problem is easy to do./The question is difficult to answer./The box is heavy to carry./The project is impossible to complete in a year.比较：The problem is to be done./The question is to be answered.没有形容词时，虽然不定式与主语是动宾关系，但必须用被动式。
三、容易误用被动语态的几种情况：
1.I teach myself French.不可变为Myself is taught French.因为反身代词不可作主语。
2.We help each other/one another.不可变为Each other/One another is helped by us.因为相互代词不可作主语。
3.He lost heart.不可变为Heart was lost by him.因为象lose heart,make a face,keep silence,lose in thought这类动宾结构的固定短语只能用于主动式，不能用被动式。
4.She took part in the sports meet.不能变为The sports meet was taken part in by her.因为象take part in,belong to ,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表状态动词没有被动语态。
被动语态考点分析
1.I need one more stamp before my collection______. (NMET)
A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed
析：complete是及物动词，“邮集”是被人完成的，须从表被动意的C、D中选择。又因before等引导的时间状语从句中谓语要用一般现在时表将来，所以此题答案为D。
2.--Do you like the material?
--Yes,it______very soft. (NMET)
A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt
析：观察题干，空白线后无宾语，可知feel是不及物动词，表“（某物）摸起来…”意思,是连系动词，不能用于被动式，也不用进行时。根据此题对话情景，是指某种材料的常规特性，要用一般现在时，不能用过去时，故答案为C。feel作“感觉”、“认为”、“摸”等意时是及物动词，可带宾语，有时态，语态等变化。
3．Great changes______in the city,and a lot of factories______. (NMET)
A.have been taken place…have been set up
B.have taken place…have been set up
C.have taken place…have set up
D.were taken place…were set up
析：take place（发生）是不及物动词，不可用于被动语态，于是可排除A、D，又因set up(建造)是及物动词，在此题中应该用被动式，故排除C，答案为B。
4.Most of the artists______to the party were from South Africa. (NMET)
A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited
析：首先可排除B。因为它不表示“被邀请”。又因D项少引导词who，也应排除。A项＝who were invited,C项＝who were being invited,由象invite这类短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作后置定语，故也应排除。因而可定答案为A。
5.I dont know the restaurant,but its______to be quite a good one.(NMET)
A.said B.told C.spoken D.talked
析：根据“某人/某物据说…”英文句式为“sb/sth.is said…”可定答案为A。又如：He is said to be a clever boy.据说他是一个聪明的男孩。
6.The police found that the house______and a lot of things______.(NMET)
A.has broken into…has been stolen B.has broken into…had been stolen
C.has been broken into…stolen D.had been broken into…stolen
析：“房屋被人闯入”，“东西被偷”都是被动语态，故可排除A、B。因C项中的has been broken into不能置于found之后，则答案只能是D。
7.I promise that the matter will______. (NMET)
A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of
析：take care of…是固定短语，若无of则不可带宾语，只能跟that从句。所以此题答案为B。
8.If city noises______from increasing,people____shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. (NMET)
A.are not kept…will have to B.are not kept…have to
C.do not keep…will have to D.do not keep…have to
析：观察题干，第一处必须用被动式，答案只能在A、B中选一。条件句用一般现在时，主句应为一般将来时，故答案为A。
9.The Olympic Games,____in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.(NMET)
A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing
析；要表达“被举行”，只能在B、C中选。B意“将要首次举行”。显然不合in 776 BC这一过去时间，只有C，first played(＝which was first played)才合用。故答案为C。
10.This sentence needs______.
A.a improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved
析：初看此题似手A、C皆可，但improvement是元音开头词，其前要用an,故排除。need作实义动词，和require,want一样，后面可跟doing或to be done 表“需要被…”意。如：The door needs/wants/requires painting/to be painted.(这扇门需要漆一下。)
11.I should very much like to have gone to the party,but I______invited.
A.am not B.havent been C.was not D.will not be
析：should/would like to have done sth.意“本想做某事”，例如：I should like to have seen the film,but it wasnt possible.由于这种句式表示“过去想”，所以but后的句子也应该是过去时态与之相配合，故此题答案是C。
12.--______the note______to Mr Smith?
--No,It is still in my pocket.
A.Is…being given B.Was…given C.Has…been given D.Hasnt…been given
析：根据问句与答句，问话人显然是注重结果，故要用现在完成时。似乎D作为反诘句“难道条还没给史密斯先生吗？”也成立，但若是这种口气发问，答话人就应答“Sorry.It is still in my pocket.”,所以此题答案应为C。
13.We heard it______that he had gone to New York.
A.say B.said C.to say D.be said
析：It was said that…可以改为We heard it said that…(都表示“据说…”之意)。前一种说法中It 是形式主语，后一种说法中it是形式宾语。故此题答案为B。