Unit 7 课文重难点解析
1. People transmit HIV by having unprotected sex... (Reading)
transmit... by doing sth.表“通过……传播疾病”。
People may transmit SARS by staying close to each other.
人们之间的密切接触可能会传播非典型性肺炎。
2. The disease is not the only thing that AIDS patients suffer from. (Reading)
suffer from表示“患有某种疾病;为……所苦;受……的折磨”,尤其指长期或习惯性地。如:
He suffers from several diseases at present.
目前他身患几种疾病。
Our business has suffered from lack of investment.
我们的企业因缺乏投资而日子不好过。
注意: suffer也可用作及物动词,表示“遭受;承受;蒙受”,多接pain, loss, defeat, punishment 等表示痛苦、不愉快的事。如:
He suffered the loss of a leg during the war.
在战争中,他失去了一条腿。
3. Living with cancer has... for us to take every chance to live life to the fullest. (Integrating skills)
take chance的热点用法有:
1. 利用机会
Please take every chance to improve your English.
请利用一切机会来提高你的英语成绩。
2. 碰运气
We can’t take chances; we should be well prepared.
我们不能碰运气,我们应做好充分准备。
to the fullest表示“达到最大程度”。
I should help her to the fullest.
我应尽最大能力帮助她。
Unit 7考点透视 考例回顾
1. AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and.... (Reading)
【考点】 break down可作及物动词,作“破坏;使失效”解。也可作不及物动词,常表示“(计划,谈判等) 受挫折、失败”或“感情失去控制”或“(机器)停止运转”。
【考例】 News reports say peace talks between the two countries______ with no agreement reached.(NMET 2003)
A. have broken down
B. have broken out
C. have broken in
D. have broken up
【解析】由with no agreement reached (没达成任何协议)这一提示可知,全句要表达“和谈失败”之意。而break up“驱散,分开”;break in “插嘴”;break out“爆发”,都不符合句意,可排除。break down意为“(谈判等)失败”,符合句意,故选A。
2. She spends much of her time telling others about her disease and encouraging people to learn how to protect themselves. (Reading)
【考点】 及物动词encourage的意思是“鼓励”,表示“鼓励某人做某事”用encourage sb. to do sth.。
【考例】 My advisor encouraged ______ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京2004)
A. for me taking B. me taking
C. for me to take D. me to take
【解析】 根据短语encourage sb. to do sth.可知应选D。
3. I had been feeling sick for a long time and my mum had taken me to hospital to have me examined. (Integrating skills)
【考点】 过去完成进行时的构成是“had+ been+ doing”,表示从过去某时间开始到过去另一时间为止,该动作一直在持续进行着,它具有过去完成时和过去进行时二者的特征。
【考例】 The crazy fans ______ patiently for two hours’ and they would wait till the movie star arrived.(重庆2004)
A. were waiting
B. had been waiting
C. had waited
D. would wait
【解析】从and后的分句可知电影明星还没有到,所以当时还在“等”,体现了进行时态;从第一分句的时间状语for two hours可知是过去完成时,由此可知用过去完成进行时,故选B。
虚拟语气的几种常见句式
1. wish后的宾语从句
表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用过去式;表示过去未能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用had + 过去分词;表示将来不太可能实现的愿望,从句的谓语用would + 动词原形。如:
I wish I knew the answer to the question.
我真希望知道这个问题的答案。
(事实上不知道)
I wish I had not wasted so much time.
我真希望没有浪费这么多时间。
(事实是已经浪费了)
I wish you would go with us tomorrow.
但愿你明天跟我们一起去。
(你去的可能性不大)
2. as if 或as though引导的表语从句和状语从句
表示与现在事实相反,从句的谓语用过去式;表示与过去事实相反,用had +过去分词;表示与将来事实可能相反,用would + 动词原形。如:
She looks as if she were sick.
她看起来像病了似的。 (其实没病)
He looks as if nothing had happened to him.
他看上去好像什么事都没发生似的。
(事实是出问题了)
He talks about the book as if he had written it.
他说起那本书来就好像是他写的。
(书不是他写的)
如果as if / as though引导的从句所表述的内容与事实相符,应用陈述语气。如:
It looks as if our team is going to win.
看来我们队要赢了。
(场上情况表明有可能)
3. if only后的句子
表示现在没有实现的愿望,动词用过去式;表示过去没有实现的愿望,动词用had+过去分词；表示与将来事实可能相反的假设,谓语动词使用would+动词原形，could+动词原形或虚拟语气过去时,常译为“要是……就好了”。如:
If only I could learn English well in one day.
要是能在一天内把英语学好就好了。
(事实上做不到)
If only I had not been late for the interview.
要是我面试没迟到就好了。(事实上迟了)
If only Simon would reply to my letter.
要是西蒙能给我回信就好了。
(事实上不会回信)
4. would rather后的从句
表示现在的愿望,动词用过去式;表示过去的愿望,动词用had + 过去分词。
I would rather she were not present.
我宁可她不在场。 (事实是她在场)
I would rather he had told me the truth.
我宁可他告诉我事实真相。
(事实是他没告诉我事实真相)
5. It is (about / high) time后的定语从句
表示该做某事而没做,从句谓语用过去式。
It is time that we went home.
我们该回家了。(实际没走)
It is high time that you went to bed.
你早该睡觉了。
6. advise， suggest， order， require， command， demand， desire， propose， insist， request等后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用should+动词原形,should常被省略。
He proposes that we(should) discuss the problem further.
他建议我们进一步讨论那个问题。