Grammar
Answers to Ex 1
从这些句子中我们可以看出可以总结出，哪一些词和结构可以担当状语呢？
(adv, prep phrases, noun phrases, infinitive, the present participle and the past participle and clauses)
Ex 2 on P60.
名词作状语的用法归纳
1. 表示时间的名词前面有one, some, the, this, that, last, next, every, all 等词修饰时。
Many common injuries happen every day in the home.
每天家里会发生一些常见的外伤事故。
Which subject is he going to study this term?
这学期他将学什么课程？
2. 表示时间的名词修饰其后的 ago, since, before, after, week, month等词时。
I saw him two weeks ago.
我在两周前见过他。
Many years later, he became a millionaire.
很多年过去了，他成了百万富翁
3. 名词或名词词组前的during或 for省略之后，名词就直接作了状语。
Could you wait (for) a few days for the money?
这钱，你们可以等几天吗？
Nothing happened (during) the whole vacation.
整个假期，什么事也没发生。
4. 表示数量的名词，放在long, broad, wide, high, tall, deep, strong, thick, old等形容词之前，作状语。
The bridge is 3000 metres long.
这座桥有3000米长。
He is thirty years old.
他三十岁了
5. 表示次数、距离、方向、 程度、价值、状态的名词作状语。
Take this medicine three times a day.
这种药一天服用三次。
Come this way, please.
请这边走。
6. 比较级前的名词也是直接作状语。
I got up an hour earlier than usual.
我今早上比平时早起了一个小时。
形容词作状语
形容词作状语，形容词或形容词短语作状语，通常说明主语行为的原因、方式、伴随状况。
1.原因 Cusious, she looked around for other guests.
2. 时间 Alone, she would cry.
3. 方式 Ripe, the oranges taste sweet./ Breathless, she ran into the gate.
形容词作状语，通常说明主语的情况。
Brave and strong, the activists talked to workers outside the factory.
但有时也可能是说明宾语的情况。
He pushed the door open.
He writes the characters large.
分词作状语
1. 和主语之间的关系 Taking a deep breath, he dived into the water.
2. 否定形式 Not promoted, Yang Chenggang decided to sigh for another company.
3. 时态 Having lost her job, she had to look for another one.
复合结构作状语(absolute construction –独立结构& with)
1. Weather permitting, we’ll go for a picnic next week. (ing)
2. He lay on his back, his hands crossed under his head. (ed)
3. He entered the room, his nose red. (adj.)
4. The thief was caught red-handed, the woman’s wallet in his pocket.(prep)
5. He hurried into the hospital, with a sick boy in his arm.(with)
状语从句
as
1. as 引导时间状语从句， 持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。
He was looking behind as he went. (两个短动作同时发生。)
As/When/While he was walking down the street, I noticed a strange car ahead.(一长一短)
As I grow older, the tree grow taller. (两种都在变化。)
2. as 引导原因状语从句， 常放在句首。
As he himself was a stranger here, he asked the woman to ask a policeman.
3. as 引导方式状语从句，按照， 正如
Do as I told you.
4. as 引导让步状语从句，倒装。
Child as he was, he swam acrossed the QiongZhou Channel.
Every time, the first time, next time, the moment ,
Every time I failed, my mother gave me great encouragement.
The moment I saw her, I realized that she was the girl I was looking for.
Instantly, immediately, directly
Instantly you press the button, the police will know.
I’ll give you an answer immediately I’ve finished your report.