第十五单元
（一） 应复习的教材内容：SB2A Unit 10；SB2B Unit 16
（二） 复习要点
1． 词汇
SB2A Unit 10
frighten
1. The terrible voice frightened her and she could hardly say a word.
2. The way you drive the car frightened her greatly, so she held on her breath without saying a word..
3. It frightens me to see some students go across the street with the red light on.
4. There is a frightening look in the man’s eyes.
5. The girl stared at the man with frightened eyes.
flee
1. The robbers tried to flee, but they were soon caught.
2. Many Jews fled to neighboring countries during World War II.
3. The frightened people fled from the big fire one by one.
4. The fire broke out at midnight and as a result only three people were able to flee the burning hotel.
5. Why does she always flee any kind of responsibility?
6. The city’s population prepared to flee the heat for the relative cool of the rivers.
urge
1. We urged her to see a doctor. Because she looks pale and in my opinion there is something wrong with her stomach.
2. Our teacher urged us on the necessity of patience in our daily study.
3. It was urged that he should be published.
4. We urged them to join us, for success means life instead of death.
erupt
1. The volcano erupted without warning and caused a lot of damage to the surrounding area.
2. Words of anger erupted from her.
3. Erupt in anger
4. Hives erupted all over his face and hands. (他的脸上和手上突然都涌现出荨蔴疹.)
5. Milk teeth erupt during a baby’s first year.
hold one’s breath draw one’s attention
be shocked by suffer from
be frightened to death fall into panic
urge sb to do sth at hand
at a distance calm down
have sth to do with get into a panic
scare to death hold his course directly into danger (直接驶向危险)
broad sheets of flame (大片的火焰) knock about/around
all of sudden hold out
live through
SB2B Unit 16
depress v. depression n. The Depression 大萧条（ in the 1930s）
1. She was overcome by depression.
2. Peter fell into a deep depression on hearing the news.
3. Wet weather always depresses her.
4. When business is depressed there is usually an increase in unemployment.
5. Several factors combined to depress the American economy.
6. She felt lonely and depressed.
7. Kate seemed depressed about the situation.
8. I found the whole experience very depressing.
sacrifice
1. Playing games is not worth the sacrifice of your health and time.
2. He sacrificed a promising career to look after his disabled daughter.
3. His parents made many sacrifices so that he could go to university and even have further study.
4. People here get used to killing a sheep as a sacrifice.
sacrifice to sb. 供奉某人
sacrifice sth. to do sth. 牺牲某事去做某事
sacrifice one`s day off 牺牲一天休假日
insist
1. We insisted on the highest standard of teaching in the school.
2. I insist on your taking measures to solve the problem as soon as possible.
3. I insist that you (should) come up with an idea right now.
4. I insisted that she had stolen my wallet when all the others went out to play.
5. She kept insisting on her innocence / insisting that she was innocent.
6. You should not be late; he is most insistent about it.
insist on sth / （one`s ）doing sth 坚决主张,要求做…
insist on sth. 坚持说; 固执地声称
be insistent about / on sth. 对…坚持
insist +that +sb. + (should ) +do sth. 坚持要求某人做….
insist +that …坚持认为 / 说… (谓语动词用陈述语气)
insist on 多用于坚持意见、看法、主张，后面接名词或v,-ing形式。
insist 后可接that 从句。表示“坚持要求或认为应该做某事”，that 从句用should+do的虚拟语气，should可省略，如表示坚持某事时用陈述语气。
supply
1. If you do not pay for it on time, the company will stop supplying gas to us.
2. Do not worry; we will supply you with the heating oil.
3. Have we got enough supplies of coal for the coming winter?
4. Pay off the debt quickly; otherwise, your water supply will be cut off.
supply sb. with sth. 供给某人所需的物品
supply sth. to sb. 把…供给某人
supply one`s requirements 提供足够的。。。以满足需要
food supply 食物供应
in short supply 供应不足
supply and demand 供求关系
be driven off
greedy slave owners civil unrest
the scars run deep be far behind
sister cities post-war years
recover from develop the area
take away one’s rights end segregation
cultural diversity the eyes of the world
a booming business center commercial and cultural centers
on the plains of America cross a land bridge
live by doing in huge numbers
a shoulder-height of in turn
from 1830 onwards make / break agreements with
cut off the skins leave… behind to rot
the bison population improve the soil
the whole wildlife chain
2.句型结构
SB2A Unit 10
1) Write down what is observed in each of these branches of science and what instruments are used.
2) How does nature form a danger to people in the world and how can science help reduce that threat?
3) Ash and bits of rock that were burnt black were falling onto the ship now, darker and more, the closer they went.
4) It makes my hair stand on end.
5) He looked more sleep than dead.
6) The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand.
7) He had to wait a good wind, blowing the other way than the one that carried my uncle right in.
8) She has been done for. Captain Mac Whirr said to himself.
9) Upon arrival, my uncle hugged Pompy and tried to give him courage.
SB2B Unit 16
10) What does the landscape look like where you live?
11) Even since the Civil War, the South has struggled to find ways to deal with its troubled past.
12) The wounds are slow to heal and the scars run deep.
13) Despite the hardships of the post-war years and the Depression, the people of Atlanta continued to develop the area,
14) It was also in Atlanta that one of the great leaders of the Civil Rights Movement, Dr. Martin Luther king , Jr, was born.
15) The city saw a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960’s and …
16) In 1990, the city was the host of the Olympic Games, an honor the city shares with great cities like Sydney and Los Angeles.
17) Like many other southern cities, Atlanta is a representative of the new South, a place where hope and faith have replaced fear and doubt.
18) The bison grows to a shoulder-height of 1.5 meters and can weigh 1,100 kilograms.
19) From about 1830 onwards in the USA and from about 1870 in Canada,…
20) While early settlers had killed bison for food, now the killing became more widespread.
21) With fewer bison, grass shoots were not eaten, so grass did not grow as strongly.
.
3.语法: 省略句
为了使句子前方的句意更加紧密或为了避免重复，而将前面或后面已经出现过的词语省略，或因习惯上的用法而省略部分词语，所形成的句子叫省略句。
使用省略应明确省略的原则和范围，被省略的成分或词语通常是不言而喻的或是构成完整的语法结构所必须的，正确运用不仅无损于句子的完整，而且能使句子简洁明了。 以下按英语句子的三种类型对省略进行归纳：
一、 简单句中的省略
1. 人称（有时包括谓语）的省略。
(This is) Jane speaking. 我是简。（打电话用语）
2. 问句本身及回答的省略。
(Are you) tired? （你）累吗？
Yes, I am (tired). 累。
3. 感叹句根据上下文的省略。How beautiful (it is)!（它）真美丽！
4. 名词所有格后的名词，如果是表示住宅、店铺、教堂或上下文已经暗示或明确指出过的事物时，常省略。
I'm going to the doctor's. (clinic) 我将去诊所。
I'm going to the teacher's (office). 我打算去老师的办公室。
5. 表示年龄的years old,表示钟点的o'clock等常省略。
6. 介词的省略。
在waste, spend, have difficulty等跟v-ing时，介词in常省略，在prevent, stop等后的from常省略。
7. 不定式的省略。
（1）保留不定式符号to,省略动词。
有些动词如want, wish, hope, like, live, try, forget, prefer, mean, expect, be going, be about, be sure, be certain, be likely, be ready, be supposed, be obliged, be bound等的后面，为避免重复，只用不定式符号to表示不定式。
-Would you like to come to the party?
-I'd like to.
① 如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。
-Are you an engineer?
-No, but I want to be. 不，但我想当。
-He hasn't finished the task yet.
-Well, he ought to have. 噢，他应当完成。
② 如果不定式是完成被动式，要保留。
-The work has been done already. 工作已做完。
-But it needn't have been (done)
（2）两个（以上）不定式并列，第一个带to，后面的to省略。
Her job is to look after the children and teach them everyday English. 她的职业是照顾孩子，教他们日常英语。
如果两个不定式之间有对比关系时，则不省略to。
To go home or to stay at school during the holiday is not yet decided. 假期回家还 是留校仍未定。
（3）感官动词和使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式要省略to。
（4）find当"发现"讲时，后面作宾补的不定式。
①不定式符号to可以带，也可不带。
We found him (to) work hard at the experiment. 我们发现他努力做实验。
②如果不定式是to be，则to不能省略。
She found him to be honest. 她感觉到他是诚实的。
（5）help当"帮助"讲时，后面的宾语和宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带。
I'll help (to) do it for you. 我会帮你做些事。
（6）介词but前面有动词do，后面的不定式不带to。
They did nothing but sit there. 它们坐在那无所事事。
（7）主语从句中有动词do，后面作表语的不定式的to可带可不带。
All we can do now is (to) wait. 我们现在能做的一切就等。
二、 并列句中的省略
在不影响句意的情况下，并列句中后边分句与前边分句相同的词语都可以省略。
They don't agree with you, neither do I (agree with you). 他们不同意你的意见，我也不同意。
三、 复合句中的省略
1. 主句中的省略。常见于句首或回答问题时，只用从句。
（1） It's too bad I lost the wallet. 真糟糕，我把包丢了。
（2） -why are you late?
-(I'm late) because my watch doesn't work.
2. 从句中的省略。
（1）宾语从句
①主句、从句的谓语相同时，可以省略从句中的全部谓语甚至主语。
She can't come, but I wonder why (she can't come).
②在宾语从句中常省略连词，但当及物动词之后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。
（2）定语从句
①可以省略作宾语的关系代词that, which或whom。
②在非正式文体中，关系副词when, why, as后面的主谓结构可以省略。
He gave the same answer as (he had given) before. 他做出了与以前一样的回答。
（3）状语从句
①在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果主句、从句的主语一致，从句中谓词动词又包含be或主语是it，常可以把从句中主语和谓语的一部分省略。
Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the street. 过街时要小心车辆。
I'll lend you one if (it is) necessary.
② 在由than， as引导的比较状语从句中，在不造成误解的前提下，任何成分都可能省略。
I'm taller than she (is).
I love you better than he (loves you).
You hate him as much as I (hate him).
（4）expect, hope, believe, guess, imagine, be afraid后，常用so或not代替从句，作简略的肯定或否定回答。
-Is he coming back today? 他今天回来吗？
-I guess so. / I hope not. 我想会的。 / 但愿别回来。
（三） 补充练习
I.选用所给的动词或词组，并用其适当的形式填空：
see, calm down, throw into a panic , sacrifice…to, aim at, flee, terrify, prevent from, pay attention to .start out ,knock about, suffer from, read, upset, determine
1. The chairman urged the protection of wildlife ______.
2. We _____ when the lights suddenly went off.
3. With a gun in his hand, the robber _____ Mrs. Smith into handing out all her jewel.
4. To our great surprise, the naughty boy______ to devote his energy to study.
5. When the things _____ a little, we’ll try to find another solution.
6. What ___- my mother most was to see her room in a great mess.
7. The message ____ in as follows. Please try to remember it.
8. He ______ Europe a great deal, so he can speak several languages.
9. The gunshot killed one bird in the tree but sent all the others____ in every direction.
10. However strong they may seem, they can never dream of_____ us___ defending the rights of women.
11. The car’s designer’s ________ comfort _____ economy.
12. I am not feeling myself today. I _______ a bad cold, so I must go to see doctor after school..
13. She takes exercise every day, _______ losing weight.
14. The 1990s _____ the great changes in our country.
15. ______ to enter a good university, the girl spends all the time she could spare studying her lessons
II. 翻译下列句子：
1. 那个地区遭受了大风暴的袭击
________________________________________________
2. 没有人能预计有多少人在地震中死亡。
___________________________________________________________
3. 多亏卫星得知，一场飓风就要来了。
_________________________________________________________________
4. 飓风威力无比，它能沉掉船只，连根拔起大树，推翻高墙，破坏环境，造成无数人伤亡。
____________________________________________________.
5. 地震常与火山喷发一起爆发。
______________________________________________________
6. 洪水或地震无论何时何地发生，解放军就被召集起来拯救人民。
7. 飓风刮倒了许多房屋，便使成千上万人无家可归。
________________________________________________________________________
8. 我不会为追求(in pursuit of)财富而牺牲自己的健康。
___________________________________________________
9. 想到还得考试他就感到沮丧。
_______________________________________________________________________
10．这些措施对防止进一步的社会动乱是必需的。
_________________________________________________
11．你能说说战后英国的经济状况吗？
____________________________________________________
12. 所有的大型金融机构今天都降低了利率。
_________________________________________________________________
13.她坦率地告诉他自己不打算嫁给他。
_________________________________________________
14.他忍不住看了她的日记。
________________________________________
15.维生素可以增强抵抗感冒和流感的能力。
__________________________________________________
16.在干旱期间有些住户(household)的自来水供应被中断。
___________________________________________________
17.他们坚决要求每个人都要来参加晚会。
______________________________________________
18.我没预定(reserve)座位，但愿饭馆不会客满。
_____________________________________________________
19.他努力克服自己的羞怯。
________________________________________________________
20. 我写报告时，他一直不停地给我一杯杯续咖啡。
_________________________________________________________
（四） 练习与测试
I.单项填空
1.____ in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so disappointing.
A. To look at B. Looking at C. Looked at D. To be looked at
2. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _______.
A. intention B. attempt C. purpose D. desire
3．Such women Tom knew he was very wise.
A．that, think B．whom, thought C．as, thought D．as, to think
4．-Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?
-Yes. He had never praised him he became one of the top students in his grade.
A．after B．unless C．until D．when
5. Four of Robert's children were at the party, including _____, Luke.
A. the oldest B. an oldest one C. the old D. an old one
6．--I find German grammar very difficult.
--I agree. Though grammar is poor, you pronounce very well.
A．不填；your B．不填；不填
C．the; your D．the; the
7．I thought things would get better, but it is they are getting worse.
A．before B．because C．as D. after
8. There is no night-flight to the small town. The service was ________ at the end of the summer.
A. turned over B. turned off C. taken out D. taken off
9. -Which materials can be thrown into the sea _________ on the nature of them?
-Sorry, I have no idea.
A. depends B. depended C. depending D. to depend
10. All Americans today are thinking, as well, of the families of the seven people in Space Shuttle Columbia _______ have been given a sudden shock.
A. who B. those C. whom D. they
11．-Bob’s the branches from the tree. Go and for firewood, Bill!
-Do you think I’m really for this kind of work?
A．cut away; cut it up; cut through B．cut off; cut it down; cut through
C．cut away; cut it up; cut out D．cut off; cut it down; cut out
12．-A woman was killed in the store last night.
-Have the police examined the body of ?
A．the woman to be murdered B．the woman being murdered
C．the murdered woman D．the murdering woman
13．They gave us so warm a welcome that we were moved very much .It was a sight ____we __________.
A．what ;have never forgotten B．which ;were never forgotten
C．as ;will never forget D．that ;would never forget
14．-Why was he fined？
-He happened to several flowers in the park.
A．be seen pick B．be seen picking
C．be caught to pick D．catch picking
15．John decided that he had to do something to his anger.
A．let off B．give off
C．give out D．send out
16. ---- I bought this shirt for 35 Yuan yesterday.
---- It’s________ today for only 29. You should have waited.
---- Oh, really? But how did I know?
A. for sale B. on sale C. sold out D. sold up
17. ---- Are all the people in the car injured in the accident?
---- No, _________ only the two passengers who got hurt.
A. it were B. there was C. there is D. it was
18. He tried to join the army but was ______ because of poor health.
A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down
19.It’s hard for them to get _____ to the building .
A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing
20. She has been _______ a high fever recently.
A. suffered B. suffering C. suffered from D. suffering from
II.完形填空
Tim Becker and his neighbors are doing something to make their neighborhood a trouble-free area.
When Tim Becker gets in his car to go shopping, he doesn’t 1 drive to a store and back home. He always looks 2 up and down the streets of his neighborhood. He looks for anything 3 such as strange cars, loud noises, 4 windows, or people gathering on street comers.
Tim 5 to a neighborhood watch group in Stoneville, Indians. USA. The neighborhood watch group 6 on the third Wednesday of every month. That’s 7 Tim gets together with about ten of his neighbors to discuss community 8 , Members of the neighborhood watch group want to help the police 9 their homes, streets, and families safe.
Tim Stedman, president of 10 neighborhood watch group, agrees with Tim. “People seem to think that crime (犯罪) happens to other people but not 11 them. Well, it’s never happened to me.” She said, “but I don’t think anyone has the 12 to steal from other people or to make them feel 13 sitting in their own homes.”
Alex, a member of the group, said that all the neighbors 14 out for one another. “We 15 each other’s homes. We keep watch on the neighborhood at night and on weekends. Usually a 16 of four or five of us goes out together. If something doesn’t look night, then we call the 17 .For example, if we notice a group of teenagers who seem to be looking for 18, or someone destroying property (财产), we report to the police.”
Alex feels the neighborhood watch groups 19 a lot in keeping crime down. Her husband Jim agrees, “Police are good people, but they can’t do 20 .”
1. A. yet B. still C. just D. rather
2. A. carefully B. clearly C. nervously D. coldly
3. A familiar B. unusual C. expensive D. interesting
4. A. curtained B. open C. old D. broken
5. A. attends B. belongs C. goes D. turns
6. A. meets B. quarrels C. sings D. searches
7. A where B. why C. when D. how
8. A. politics B. wealth C. health D. safety
9. A. keep B. hold C. let D. protect
10. A. its B. his C. their D. your
11. A. round B. on C. about D. to
12. A. right B. chance C. courage D. mind
13. A. unlucky B. unsafe C. disappointed D. discouraged
14. A. set B. let C. hold D. look
15. A. care B enter C. watch D manage
16. A. group B. set C. number D. crowd
17. A. judges B. police C. firemen D. doctors
18. A work B. burden C. service D. trouble
19. A. produce B. find C. get D. help
20. A. anything B. everything C. harm D. wrong
III.阅读理解
（A）
The majority of astronauts（宇航员）from America have been men. At the start of the space programme there was strong resistance from some people against having women in space. However, some women were very keen to become astronauts and in the end they were successful. In 1978, NASA began the first training programme for women astronauts.
Judy Resnick and Christa McAuliffe were both astronauts and they were both women, but in many other ways they were very different. Both of them were on Flight STS-5L-L. Judy Resnick was born in 1949 and studied engineering at university and went on to obtain a PhD in 1977. She was a member of the first group of women selected for astronaut training in 1978, and in 1984, she became the second woman in space. During that flight, she helped to launch three new satellites and she carried out a programme of research. She was, in many ways, a professional astronaut whose whole life was devoted to space travel.
Christa McAuliffe was born in 1948 and she was an astronaut almost by accident. In 1984, NASA decided to find a teacher who could accompany astronauts into space. They hoped that she would be able to communicate with students from space and encourage every one of them to be interested in space travel. Christa was a secondary teacher in history and social studies. She was a gifted teacher and she was selected from over 11,000 applicants to go on flight STS-51-L. She was also a very good communicator and she immediately established a very good relationship with the news media(radio, television and newspapers）. It was partly because of this that there was a great deal of interest and excitement about the flight. Thousands of students in schools and universities all around the country were looking forward to communicating with Christa in space. Millions of people were watching her flight with great interest. It is partly because of the excitement over McAuliffe's place in the flight that the disaster in 1986 had such an effect on people.
1. We can learn from the first two paragraphs that ___________.
A. Judy was against the idea of having women in space at first
B. Judy was the first woman selected for astronaut training
C. Judy helped to launch three new satellites at the age of 35
D. Judy carried out a programme during her second space travel
2. Christa McAuliffe was chosen for training because _______.
A. she was popular with the news media
B. she expected to give history lessons in space
C. she was an excellent teacher and communicator
D. she made the students in space very excited
3. The reason why there was great interest in Flight STS-51-L is that ________.
A. both Christa and Judy got PhD degrees in the same year
B. a young secondary school teacher was on the flight
C. students were going to learn more about space travel
D. it was the first time for women to travel in space
4. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Two Astronauts B. Flight STS-51-L
C. Traveling in Space D. The Training Programme
B
A higher reading rate, with no loss of comprehension, will help you in other subjects as well as in English, and the general principles apply to any language. Naturally, you will not read every book at the same speed. You would expect to read a newspaper, for example, much more rapidly than a physics or economics textbook – but you can raise your average reading speed over the whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage gained will be the same whatever kind of reading you are concerned with.
The reading passages which follow are all of an average level of difficulty for your stage of instruction. They are all about five hundred words long. They are about topics of general interest which do not require a great deal of specialized knowledge. Thus they fall between the kind of reading you might find in your textbooks and the much less demanding kind you will find in a newspaper or light novel. If you read this kind of English, with understanding at four hundred words per minute, you might skim (浏览) through a newspaper at perhaps 650 – 700 , while with a difficult textbook you might drop to two hundred or two hundred and fifty.
Perhaps you would like to know what reading speeds are common among native English-speaking university students and how those speeds can be improved. Tests in Minnesota, U.S.A, for example, have shown that students without special training can read English of average difficulty, for example, Tolstoy’s War and Peace in translation, at speeds of between 240 and 250 words per minute with about seventy percent comprehension. Students in Minnesota claim that after twelve half – hour lessons, once a week, the reading speed can be increased, with no loss of comprehension, to around five hundred words per minute.
5．According to the passage, the purpose of effective reading with higher speed is most likely to help you .
A．only in your reading of a physics textbook
B．improve your understanding of an economics textbook
C．not only in your language study but also in other subjects
D．choose the suitable materials to read
6．Which of the following does not describe the types of reading materials mentioned in the second paragraph?
A．Those beyond one’s reading comprehension
B．Those concerned with common knowledge
C．Those without much demand for specialized knowledge
D．Those with the length of about five hundred words
7．The average speed of untrained native speakers in the University of Minnesota is _____.
A．about 300 words per minute
B．about 245 words per minute
C．about 650 – 770 words per minute
D．about 500 words per minute
8．According to the passage, how fast can you expect to read after you have attended twelve half – hour lessons in the University of Minnesota?
A．You can increase your reading speed by three times
B．No real increase in reading speed can be achieved
C．Yon can increase your reading speed by four times
D．You can double your reading speed.
C
New findings suggest that brainy card games such as contract bridge may temporarily（临时）raise production of a key blood cell including in fighting off illness. After 90 minutes of play, bridge players had increased levels of immune（免疫）cells, according to research reported last week.
A researcher, Diamond, studied bridge players from a women’s bridge club. She chose bridge players because the game includes skills stimulating（刺激）a part of the brain called the dorsolateral cortex. Earlier animal research suggests that this part of the brain may play a role in the immune system.
The findings are based on blood samples drawn from 12 women players. Their blood samples showed a rise in levels of white blood cells called T cells after they played bridge for 90 minutes. T cells are produced by the thymus gland（胸腺）and used by the immune system against diseases.
The T cell count jumped significantly in eight of the bridge players, and slightly in the other four.
The findings contribute to the field of neuroimmunology（神经免疫学）,whose name reflects the fact that the nervous system and the immune system are not considered separate and isolated（独立的）systems. What isn’t clear is whether the help to the immune system from an activity like contract bridge is lasting or temporary. It is also not clear whether the increase in T cells could finally be targeted against special illnesses.
9．Playing bridge can help one to fight off diseases because it can ______ .
A．raise production of a key blood cell B．make people joyful
C．aid digestion D．make break away from the bad habits
10．Diamond chose to study bridge players for the research because ______ .
A．the players are good friends of hers
B．she loves playing bridge
C．this game stimulates a part of the brain that has something to do with immune system
D．she is a clever manager, who operates her bridge club well
11．A T cell is ______ cell.
A．brain
B．white blood
C．red blood
D．a kind of dangerous blood
12．Which of the following is TRUE according to this article?
A．The immune system and the brain system used to be considered separate and isolated systems.
B．The help to the immune system that is brought about by playing bridge can last for a long time.
C．Cortex is a kind of blood cell.
D．The new findings are impossible.
D
HOLIDAY HOMES IN MALLORCA
Holiday apartments in Mallorcan sailing and fishing port-quiet even in summer season. Beautifully situated apartments with views of sea and mountains, yet near to shops and restaurants. Cars and bicycles for hire. Sailing and sports clubs nearby. One-week stay costs ￡ 150.
ITALY IN COMFORT
Luxury carriage tours of Italy, out of normal holiday season.21 days to visit five Italian cities starting form London 1stMay,September.The tours are guided by Professor Martin Davis, Head of Italian Studies, London University. See the arts and culture of historic Italy.
KIBBUTZ HOLIDAYS IN ISEAEL
Working holidays on a co-operative farm in Israel. All nationalities welcome for one to three months, if prepared to work mornings with Kibbutz members. Accommodation（住）,food and trips to historic sights all provided free-you pay only for the specially low cost-return flight.
TWO WEEKS ON A CARIBBEAN ISLAND
Two-week holidays in Hotel Splendid（5-star）,on a lovely beach with golden sands and deep-blue sea. Tennis, golf, sailing and all water sports. Trips and tours around the islands arranged. Near the town of Castries with lively evening entertainment-dancing to local bands.
1stNovember-31stMarch: ￡720 per person.
1stApril-30thOctober:￡850 per person.
. Jack and his wife Mary, who have recently retired, want to see places of cultural and historic interest abroad, but Mary hates flying
. Michael, a young computer programmer, has been working hard and needs a holiday to have a rest in winter. He would like to go somewhere warm and sunny, where he can swim in the sea, and he enjoys sports and dancing.
. Harry and Kate, both teachers, and their two teenage sons, have to take their holiday during the school summer holidays. There must be plenty for the boys to do, although Harry and Kate just want beautiful scenery, good food and wine and peace.
13．Michael would most enjoy , where he can go in winter.
A．spending two weeks in Hotel Splendid on the Caribbean island
B．visiting five Italian cities starting from London
C．seeing the historic sights in Israel
D．driving cars and bicycles along the seaside in Mallorca
14．The best holiday for Jack and Mary would be .
A．the leisurely 21-day carriage tour.
B．the working holidays for 1 to 3 months on a farm
C．the splendid 14-day trip around the islands
D．the 1-week stay in holiday apartment
15．Harry and Kate and their sons would like .
A．a holiday working on a farm in Israel
B．a holiday visiting ancient cities by coach in Italy
C．a holiday on a lovely beach on the Caribbean island
D．a holiday apartment in the fishing port it Mallorca
E
Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee(裁判) and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don’t care much about who wins or loses, and it doesn’t seem to worry them if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly compared. They also enjoy games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself.
Grown-ups can hardly find children’s games exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple games again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinarily afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught.
It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.
16．What is true about children when they play games?
A．They can stop playing any time they like.
B．They can test their personal abilities.
C．They want to pick a better team.
D．They don’t need rules.
17．To become a leader in a game the child has to .
A．play well B．wait for his turn
C．be confident in himself D．be popular among his playmates
18．What do we know about grown-ups?
A．They are not interested in games.
B．They find children’s games too easy.
C．They don’t need a reason to play games.
D．They don’t understand children’s games.
19．Why does a child like playing games?
A．Because he can be someone other than himself.
B．Because he can become popular among friends.
C．Because he finds he is always lucky in games.
D．Because he likes the place where he plays a game.
20．The writer believes that .
A．children should make better rules for their games.
B．children should invite grown-ups to play with them.
C．children’s games can do them a lot of good
D．children play games without reasons
IV. 短文改错
On one summer night, Henry was sleeping in his room 1. _____
when suddenly he woke up and sensed that something 2．
unusual. He looked out of the window and finding a 3．
store nearby on the street was in fire. He immediately 4．
shouts at the top of his voice “Fire! Fire! Help!”He 5．
phoned 119 at once and then went out to put out fire. 6．
but it was very big a fire that he couldn’t put it out 7．
by himself. Lucky enough, a lot of neighbors came out 8．
and soon firefighters arrived. The fire was finally put out 9．
and when the firefighters praised Henry his quick action, 10．
he smiled, feeling very pleased.
V.书面表达
你是李华，申请到一家外资企业工作。对方要求你用英语写一篇短文，介绍自己的基本情况。短文应包括下表所列全部内容。
姓 名 李华 出生年月 1997年2月 出生地 辽宁大连
学 历 1984-1990光明小学 1990-1996大连市第六中学
所学主要课程 语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、电脑
特 长 英语、电脑（去年在全校电脑竞赛中获第一名）
业余爱好 游泳、滑冰、集邮、流行音乐
第十五单元
（三）补充练习
I.
1. be paid attention to 2. were thrown into a panic 3. terrified
4. started out 5. have calmed down 6. upset
7.reads 8.has knocked about 9. fleeing
10. preventing from 11.have sacrificed…to 12.
13. am suffering from 14. aiming at 15. Determined
II.
1) The area was struck by a great storm.
2) No people can predict how many people were killed in the earthquake.
3) Thanks to satellites, we knew that a hurricane was on the way./knocking about.
4) The hurricane, with its power to sink ships, to uproot trees and to overturn strong walls, can destroy the environment and even kill numerous people.
5) Earthquakes often come together with volcanic eruptions.
6) Whenever and wherever floods or earthquakes happen, the PLA soldiers are called in to help rescue the people
7) The hurricane brought down a great number of houses, making thousands of people homeless.
8) I won’t sacrifice my health in pursuit of wealth.
9) The thought of having to take the exam depressed him.
10) These measures are necessary to prevent further social unrest.
11) Can you say something about the economic conditions in post-war Britain?
12) All the big financial institutions cut their interest rates today.
13) She told him plainly that she had no intention of marrying him.
14) He couldn’t resist taking a look at her diary.
15) Vitamins can build up your resistance to cold and flu.
16) During the drought some households had their water supply cut off.
17) They insisted that everyone should come to the party.
18) I haven’t reserved a table. I am taking a chance on the restaurant not being full.
19) He struggled to overcome his shyness.
20) He kept me well supplied with cups of coffee while I wrote the report.
（四）练习与测试
I. 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. A
11. C 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. D
II. 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. C
11. D 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. B
III. 1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. C
11. B 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. C
IV.
Henry was sleeping in his room on one summer night 1. on
when suddenly he woke up and sensed that something 2. that
unusual. He looked out of the window and finding a 3. found
store nearby on the street was in fire. He immediately 4． in
shouts at the top of his voice “Fire! Fire! Help!” He 5． shouted
phoned 119 at once and then went out to put out fire. 6． the
but it was very big a fire that he couldn’t put it out 7． so
by himself. Lucky enough, a lot of neighbors came out 8． Luckily
and soon firefighters arrived. The fire was finally put out 9． √
and when the firefighters praised Henry his quick action, 10． for
he smiled, feeling very pleased.
V.
One possible version:
My name is Li Hua. I was born in Dalian, Liaoning Province in February, 1997.I started school in 1984 when I was seven. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990. After that I went to No.6 Middle School of Dalian and graduated this summer. The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese, math, English, physics, chemistry and computer. I like English and computer best and I am very good at them. Lat year I won first prize in the school computer competition. In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps. My favorite sports are swimming in summer and skating in winter.