Unit 1 Grammar----The Infinitive (1)
Content: the Infinitive used as object and object complement.
Teaching aims:
1. Review the Infinitive used as object and object complement.
2 .Ss are able to understand the meaning and the function of
the Infinitive.
3. Ss can use the grammar to express their ideas in communication.
Aid: multiple-media , paper .
Procedures:
Step 1: Lead in: Help the students to us the infinitive to communicative .
Situation:
National day is coming .
What do you want to do during the National Day ?
1. Ask the students to brainstorm on their plans for the National Day by the structure of infinitive.
2. Ask the students to make sentences by using the given picture.(We plan to climb the mountains.
We plan to go fishing .
We plan to go camping .
We plan to swim. )
Step2: Help the students to recognize the functions of the infinitive by reading the story and underlining the structure.
《The tiger and the mouse》
A tiger and a mouse were walking in a field when they saw a big lump of cheese lying on the ground. The mouse wanted to eat the cheese itself ,so he said, "Please , tiger, let me have it. You don't even like cheese. Be kind and find something else to eat." But the tiger put his paw on the cheese and said: "It's mine! And if you don't go , I'll eat you too." The mouse was very sad and went away.
The tiger tried to swallow all of the cheese at once but it got stuck in his throat and whatever he tried to do he could not move it. First,he wanted the dog to help him, but the dog failed to do it .He suggested that the mouse should help him . So the tiger went to ask for the mouse's help . "Open your mouth and let me jump in. I'll nibble at the cheese until it is small enough to eat" The tiger opened his mouth, the mouse jumped in and began nibbling at the cheese. The tiger thought: "I really am very hungry…"
Step3.Ask the students to explain the infinitive of structures.
Step 4. Learn to use the Infinitive used as object.
A. Brain storm on verbs ( verb+ to do).
1. Show the students more verbs.
afford agree ask be decide come dare demand desire determine expect hope fail happen help learn mean manage offer plan pretend promise refuse wish forget, remember
2. Practise the infinitive by using the given pictures, Ask the students to make some sentences with the infinitive.
Eg1:The driver failed to see the other car in time.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
Eg2.It is raining hard ,Jack is holding a newspaper over his head . He forget to take an umbrella.
B. Brainstorm on some verbs which follow "how to do; what to do …"as an objects.
动词+what(when, where ,how )+ to do
1.Show the students some verbs followed by how to do (What to do ) as an object.
decide, know, forget, learn, understand,
wonder, find out, explain,
2.Practisethe structure, Ask the students to make some sentences according to the pictures.
Eg1. The teacher is showing the student how to use the recorder.
Eg2. The man doesn't know where to go .
3.Ask the students to make their sentences orally in class.
Step5. The Infinitive used as object complement.
(Verb+ object +to do)
1.Brain storm on verbs( verb+ object+ to do).
2. Show the students some more verbs.
ask, beg, choose, expect , want, tell, order, show, …
3.help the students to tell the different meaning between an object and an object complement .
Eg1. The manager wants to speak to Tom and say,
"我想和汤姆谈话。"
Q: Who will speak to Tom ?
The manager.
The manager wants his secretary to speak to Tom.
我想让你和汤姆谈话。
Q: Who will speak to Tom ?
His secretary.
Eg2:In the circus, the trainer taught the dog to stand, to sit, and to bark on command.
4.Practise the function by completing the sentences .
1).We planned to climb the mountain, my little sister begged to go with us .(我们计划爬山，我的小妹妹求跟我们一起去。)
2) Tom begged me to play the computer games with him .
（汤姆求我跟他一起完电脑游戏。）
3) The worker happened to know the place where we wanted to go ,We wanted him to be us to be our guide .
（那个工人碰巧去过我们想要去的地方，我们想让他当我们的导游）
4)My father promised to buy a new bike for me .
（我爸爸答应给我买一辆新自行车）
5）He expected to be forgiven .（他期待着他人的谅解）
6）What do you expect me to say ?(你要我说什呢？)
Step6.
1. Observe the sentences and get to understand the infinitive
without "to".
1).Didn't you hear anyone say anything about it ?
2).What made you thing like that ?
3).When there were 3.2 seconds left in the basketball match ,I felt the atmosphere （气氛）grow tense .
2.Brainstorm more verbs. (动词+ do)
see, watch, notice, hear, do, make, let +do表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing表示动作的连续性，进行性
3. Ask the Ss to make sentences by using the verbs in thebrackets.
Eg1.Every day we have to do a lot of home work .(make )
Teacher Li makes us do a lot of homework everyday .
Eg2. When I passed his room he was singing . (hear )
I heard him sing .
Eg3. When I was walking along the river, suddenly
a boy fell into the river, immediately a man jumped into the river and saved him . (see)
Step7:Ask the student to make up sentences with the verbs they have learned, pay attention to the infinitive.
Homework: Write down 10 sentences with the verbs they have learned .
Unit 1 Grammar----The Infinitive (2)
Content: the Infinitive used as attributive ,adverbial modifier,
and subject modifier .
Teaching aims:
1. Review the Infinitive used as attributive ,adverbial modifier, and subject modifier .
2 .Ss understand the meaning and function of the Infinitive.
3. Ss can use the grammar freely in communication.
Teaching Procedure :
Step1.
Lead in : Try to analyse the sentence, How is the Infinitive used.(P5 ,1)
Step 2:Practise the Infinitive used as attributive
1.Look at the picture and make up a sentence.
Eg1. After he finished college, he had a lot of jobs to choose.（他有许多工作可选）
Eg2.He is a Senior 3 students ,He has lots of homework to do .
（她有许多作业要做）
Eg3.The general manger wants his secretary to his office ,
he has something important to tell her .
（他有重要的事情要告诉他）
2.Ask the students to sum up the structure.
Noun (Pron.) to do
Step 3.Review the Infinitive used as an adverb.
1. Lead in.
Eg1.When do you get up every morning ?
At 5 o'clock .Why do you get up so early ?
In order to catch the first bus. (not to be late for class).
n order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)
Eg2. He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.
他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
2. Used as a cause I'm glad to see you.
3.Ask the students to anylise the sentences and find out their functions.
1) He came to help me with my math .( 目的 )
2) They started early so as to catch the first bus . (目的 )
3) In order to serve the people well, I study hard . ( 目的 )
4) They ran over to welcome the champions . ( 目的 )
5) To hear him talk in that manner, you would think him a foreigner . ( 原因 )
6) We jumped with joy to hear the good news . ( 原因 )
4．Rewrite the sentences without changing the meaning .
1) She raised her voice loud so that she might be heard .
(She raised her voice so as to be heard .)
(In order to be heard she raised her voice loud.)
(she raised her voice loud in order to be heard. )
( To be heard she raised her voice loud .)
(She raised her voice loud to be heard .)
Situation: Task :
You have watched the man basketball matches in the Olympic Games. Are you pleased with the result ?
Do you know what Yao Ming think of it ?
Why did he feel disappointed ?
2.Yao Ming felt very disappointed ,because he didn't reach his aim in the basketball match .
Yao Ming was very disappointed not to reach his aim in the basketball match .
Step 4.Ss try to understand the function of the Infinitive used as attribute . Ss try to change the sentences using the Infinitive.(p6,3)
Step 5.Practise the infinitive, to make some more sentences with the Infinitive.
Task: Situation:
A tourist is in hospital ,a policeman goes to ask for some information of the robbery.
"Why did you go to the city ?
What did you want to do ?
What did you do yesterday ?
What did you see ?
What did you do ?
What happened next ?"
1.I came here to spend （来度假）my holidays.
2. I want to watch （想看）the sun rising above the sea level.
3.I watched the sun rise （看日出）yesterday.
4.I saw the burglar stealing into the bank（看见盗贼进入银行） when I was watching the stars at night .
5.I chased(追赶)the burglar.
6.I felt my head bump against something(感到我头碰到什么东西)then I felt the earth shaking .
Homework: Finish writing the interview .
补充材料：
The Infinitive used as subject .
It's +adj.+ to do
1.Eg:It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了
2.Brain storm on phrases( verb+ do).
3. Show the students more adj.
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best, not enough
It's so nice to hear your voice.听到你的声音真高兴。
It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
It's +adj.+of sb.to do
It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。
kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)
例句:You often offer some money to the begger .
It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
It's very kind of you .
It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.
Summmary:
It's+adj for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，
It's very hard for him to study two languages.
对他来说学两门外语是很难的。 of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。