Unit One Good Friends
一、 旧大纲生词：
honest, brave, wise, handsome, smart, argue, fond, match, mirror, fry, gun, hammer, movie, share, feeling, lie, speech, adventure, quality, Australia, successful, manager, company,
二、 新增大纲生词：loyal, classical, saw, rope, compass, cast, survive, deserted, hunt, sorrow, airplane, notebook, scared, error, ski, boring, hobby, novel, businessman, challenge, soccer crash
三、 人名、地名、非大纲生词：solution, Steve, Sarah, Joe, Tom Hanks, Chuck Noland, Wilson, parachute, e-pal, South Carolina, formal, hike, gender，
四、 短语：
1.make an apology to sb. for sth. = apologize to sb. for sth.2. argue with sb. about sth. 与某人争论*3. be into=be interested in 4. surf the Internet 网上冲浪5. all the time 一直，始终*6. hunt for =search for 7. share happiness and sorrow同甘共苦8. care about sb. 关心某人9. make friends with…和…交朋友10．have fun 玩得开心 *11. drop sb. a line =write a letter to sb.12. be curious about 对…好奇*13．be loyal to…对…忠诚=be devoted to*14. keep an eye on 照看，密切注视 15. be fond of 喜欢，爱好*16．fair-weather friends 不可共患难的朋友17．keep… in mind 牢记18. develop a friend with sb. 与某人增进友谊19．fill in a form 填表格*20．skip classes 逃课
五、 句式
1. I don’t enjoy singing, nor do I like computers. (P2.1)
2. Rock music is OK, and so is skiing. (P2. 1)
3. Tom Hanks plays a man named Chuck Noland.
4. One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.(P3.2)
5. He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire.
6. Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how to survive without friends.
7. Even though Wilson is just a volleyball, he becomes fond of him.(P2 4)
8. Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow., and that it is important to have someone to care about.
9. He understands that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.
10. The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers.
11. You may know that a pen friend, or pen pal, is someone you write letters to.
12. Best friends are friends with whom you spend a lot of time and with whom you share all your thoughts and feelings.
13. Sarah and Janet have been friends ever since they started school.
14. Is it possible to be best friends even if you are thousands of miles apart.
15. Despite the fact that they have never met each other, Michel and Xiao Li are best friends.
16. He realizes that he hasn’t been a good friend because he has always been thinking about himself. (P3.4)
17. He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends. (P3.1)
六、 部分知识点讲解
1. crash 1) vt&vi, (使)猛撞，（使）坠毁
Last night he was so drunk that he crashed his car into the iron railings.
A plane crashed near the South Pacific , killing 24 passengers on board.
2) n. (汽车)撞车事故， （飞机）失事
We survived although others died in the air crash.在那次飞机坠毁事故中，别人都遇难了，惟独我们死里逃生
2．desert 1）v. 遗弃，抛弃，离弃
He is so selfish that all his friends have deserted him. 他非常自私，所有的朋友都抛弃了他。
Many people hurriedly deserted the city before the war broke out. 很多人…逃离了那座城市
2） eserted adj. 无人的，被抛弃的，被遗弃的
deserted island 荒岛， deserted street 空无一人的街道
3.survive v. 1) （经历事故，战争，疾病后）活下来，幸存于，幸免于
Only 12 of the 140 passengers survived.
I’m afraid that the refugees may not survive the winter.
2) 经历（困难，危险后）仍然存在，保存下来
A few pages of the original manuscript still survive.
4. argue v. 辩论，议论，主张，认为 ---argument n 争论，辩论；证据、论点、理由
I argued about the new policy with him. (argue about sth. with sb. )
She argued that our efforts would be a waster of time. ( argue that…)
He argued for / against the five-day week. ( argue for/ against…)
I argued her into buying a new car . (argue sb. into…)
5. share , develop, （见导与练）
6. 巧记lie, lay
躺 lie, lay , lain, lie in bed again.
撒谎 lie, lied, lied; don’t be a liar.
下蛋 lay, laid, laid, a hen laid an egg.
放置 lay, laid, laid, a boy picked it up and laid it in the bag.
7．
七、、书面表达
亲爱的姑姑：你好！我在学校有很多朋友。我们彼此相处得都很好。但是有一天，我的一个朋友丢了一百块钱。他认为是我拿了他的钱，而且他还把这件事情告诉了其他朋友，于是他们对我不再像过去那样友好了。我现在对此感到很苦恼。我需要你的帮助。你能给我建议吗？ 侄儿：高飞 2003年9月2日
Unit 2 English around the world
一. 旧大纲生词:
bathroom , pronounce, broad , repeat, majority, native, equal, government, situation, international, trade, global, service, movement, tidy, fall, expression, publish, southern, president, European, cookbook, compare.
二. 新大纲生词:
towel, total, tongue, organization, tourism, communicate, communication, exchange, signal, commander, stand, independent, typhoon, statement, howl, replace.
三. 人名,地名,非大纲生词:
Nancy, landlady, Karen, Thompson, Dave, ketchup, the United Kingdom, Pakistan, Nigeria, the Philippines, peg, tornado, Spanish, Noah Webster, Florida.
四. 短语:
1. for the first time 第一次2. all the way adv. 从远道, 自始至终, 一路上3. make oneself at home =be/feel at home不要拘束4. on one’s way back 在回去的路上5. the majority of people =most of the people 6. in total =in all =altogether 总共7. such as 例如..., 象这种的8. the number of… ……的数量9. except for 除...以外10. communicate with sb. 与……交流/沟通11. communicate sth to sb. 把……传达给……12. have a good knowledge of…好好掌握……13. come about发生, (风，船)改变方向14. know about 知道..., 了解..., 听说过...15．an answer to this question 这个问题的答案16．at first 起先 17．stay the same 保持不变18．in the same way adv. 同样地19．at the same time 同时，一齐；可是，然而20．borrow…from…向……借某物21．end up with…以……告终22．more or less 或多或少，差不多，几乎23．have some difficulty (in) doing sth. 24．bring in生产, 挣得, 介绍引进25．a great many 许多26．pass away 去世27．chat online 网上聊天28．stay in touch 保持联系29．one day (过去)有一天，（将来）总有一天30． shut up 闭嘴31．mother tongue =mother/native language32. make/issue a statement发表声明33 state one’s view陈述某人观点
五. 句式:
1. What is it that Joe can’t find in the bathroom?
2. Oh, there you are.. Now then, did you have a good flight?
3. Did you sleep at all on the plane?
4. Is there anything that isn’t clear to you?
5. English is a language spoken all around the world.
6. There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.
7. The number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.
8. In China students learn English at school as a foreign language, except for those in Hong Kong, where many people speak English as a first or a second language. ( P 6 . 4 )
9. Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese.
10. With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. ( P . 7 . 2 )
11. How did these differences come about? ( P . 7 . 5
12. For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.
13. He wanted to make American English different from British English, so he changed the spelling of many words.
14. That’s why the words colour, centre and traveler are spelt color, center and traveler in American English.
15. Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the same in both British and American English.
16. However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other. ( P. 7 . 1 )
17. One of the reasons is that people traveled to America from all the European countries and from other parts of the world, too.
六. 书面表达:
Write a letter in the name of Wang Ning to Mr Smith , who works for the newspaper 21st Century. Your problem is explained in Chinese below. Please pay attention to the letter format and write at least 100 words. The beginning has been done for you.
假设你叫王宁,是甘肃省的一名普通高中生.你很喜欢学习英语,但是你对英式英语和美式英语的区别不是特别清楚.有些同学说你说美式英语,但又有些人认为你说的是英式英语.你很想知道自己说的是哪种英语以及这两者究竟有什么不同.写一封信给史密斯先生,请他回信解释这两者的主要区别.
Dear Mr Smith,
My name is Wang Ning. I am a high school student in Gansu province…
七.翻译并完成句子:
1. Thomas Jefferson said in 1786 that he hoped the US would become a country where the law______________________________________________(是大多数人而不是个别人的意愿). (majority, will)
2. It is reported that________________旅游业已经成为世界上最大和增长最快的产业之一). (tourism, industry)
3. They were trapped in the mountains.______________________________________________(与外界交流的唯一方法是打手机). (communicate).
4. ____________________________________________________________(在这个国际交流项目的帮助下), Emma is able to come to China to study the Chinese language. (international, exchange)
5. Mr Wang, ___________________________________________(他是地道的北京人), has become a successful businessman in New York. (native)
6. The computer industry is developing fast. Do you think _________________________________________(有一天电脑会代替人脑吗)?(replace, brain)
7. It is important that __________________________________________(男女平等). (equal)
8. America used to be a colony(殖民地) of Great Britain.______________(它于1776年获得独立).(independent)
9. If you choose your words carefully when you are writing, ____________(你就能写出好句子). (end up with)
10. Nancy told Joe to ______________________________________(不要拘束,就像在自己家一样).(make oneself at home)
Unit 3 Going Places
一、 大纲生词：consider, board, experience, simple, simply, vacation, nature, basic, equipment, tip, protect, normal, excitement, similar, similarity, particular, separate, task.
二、 增大纲生词：means, transportation, destination, poison, poisonous, paddle, stream, adventurous, handle, combine, responsibly.
三、 非大纲生词：raft, backpack, spider, cellphone, eco-travel, unpack
四、 短语：
1. by boat/train/air/plane/horse/car/spaceship2. make a dialogue 编个对话3. would like (sb) to do sth.4. in the year 20875. try to do sth. 设法做某事6. try doing sth. 试着做某事7. basic tips 基本技巧8. watch out =be careful=take care=look out 当心9. watch out for…戒备，提防，密切注视10. protect…from/ against 保护…不受（伤害）11. experience life/nature/fun/excitement12. fallen trees 13. whitewater rafting 急流漂14. be careful (not) to do sth.小心（不）做某事15. as with =as it’s the same with正如…一样16. think about 考虑17. get in and out of the raft 上下木筏18. life jacket 救生衣19. in danger 处在危险中20. go on separate holidays 分别去度假21. in a few days’ time =in a few days 过几天22. be off 离开，取消23. see sb. off 给某人送行24. take a taxi 25. have a nice time 26. say “Hi” to sb. for me 代我向某人问好27. have a good trip 旅途愉快28. the same to you.29. in the past/ in the future30. combine…with 把…和……结合 31. for pleasure 作为消遣，为了取乐32. be bad for the environment 对环境有害33. cause problems 招来问题34. on the other hand 在另一方面35. a way to travel responsibly 负责任的旅行方式36. learn about the world 了解世界37. as well as 38. make money 赚钱39. take care of 照顾40. go hiking/skiing 41. on Friday 42. make notes 做笔记43. have a picnic 44. open up 打（展）开，开办，开发（辟），揭开45. agree with sb. 同意某人的意见46. next to 紧挨着47. take off 脱下，除掉（某物），起飞，成功，休假48. be dressed in 穿着…49. fill…with…50. catch up with 跟上，赶上51. reach out 伸出手52. learn from sb. 向某人学习53. be similar to 与……相似54. come up with…55. means of transportation 运输工具56. get away from 逃离，回避57. in time 及时，终于/ on time 准时58. get close to 靠近59. come up with…提出, 提出60. by this means=in this way=in this manner=with this method
五、 句式
1. I want to see what China will be like in the future.
2. What do you think adventure travel is?
3. Yet there are other reasons why people travel.
4. Hiking is a great way to travel.
5. Hiking is easy to do and doesn’t have to be very expensive.
6. The name “white water” comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white whe it moves quickly.
7. You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim and you should always wear a life jacket.
8. Is anybody seeing you off?
9. My plane leaves at seven.
10. Eco-tourists want to learn about the world so that they can make it better, or at least understand it better.
11. Eco-travel is a way to find out what can be done to help animals and plants as well as people.
六、 补充注释
1．experience (1)vt. 体验，体会 to experience joy/difficulties/defeat/nature/life/excitement
(2) n. 作“经验”解为不可数名词 a teacher with twenty years of experience
(3) n. 作“经历”解为可数名词 Our journey was quite an experience.
(4) experienced 形容词 “有经验的”
2． get away from: to escape 逃离，回避
I was at a meeting and couldn’t get away from it. 刚才我在开会，走不开
You can’t get away from the fact. 你不可能回避这个事实
3．exercise (1) 作“锻炼”解为不可数名词。Morning is the right time to take some exercise.
(2)作“练习”解为可数名词。We have so many exercises to do every day.
4． protect…from…保护…不受…（伤害）/ prevent…from…阻止…做某事
We wear sunglasses to protect our eyes from the sun.
We wear sunglasses to prevent the sun form hurting our eyes.
5. as with=as it’s the same with..正如……一样
As with drawing a picture, you should be patient and careful in doing this job. 正如画画一样，在做这件事时，你应该耐心细致。
6． do sth by doing sth else.通过做一件事的方式来达到做另一件事的目的。（by =in the way of ）
He made everybody happy by telling a joke. 他讲了个笑话，把大家都逗乐了。
You may tell him the result by writing to him .你可以通过写信把结果告诉他。
7． as well as
(1) 表示同级比较。意思是“和……一样好”He can speak English as well as an English native speaker.
(2) 作连词，意思是“除……以外，还……，和……一样也……”通常连接两个对等的并列成分。
He has money as well as fame.他不但有名而且有钱。
He is lovely as well as healthy .=He s not only healthy but also lovely.
(3) A as well as B 结构的名词词组作主语时，谓语动词与A保持一致。
The teacher, as well as the students, wishes for a holiday. 除了学生外，老师也希望放假。
(4) as well as 后接动词时，多用动名词。The organization encourages members to meet regularly, as well as providing them with financial supports. 该组织鼓励成员经常聚会，还为他们提供经济上的支持。
Unit Four Unforgettable Experiences
一、 旧大纲生词：king, final/ finally, advance, upon, seize, fight, flow, shake, stair, strike, destroy, tower, fright/frighten/frightening/frightened, national, fear, article, touch, note
二、 新增大纲生词：forgettable/ unforgettable, host, scare/scared, disaster, rescue, swallow, drag, struggle, boom, deadline, opportunity, Buddha, agent, temple, naughty, peanut.
三、 人名、地名、非大纲生词：seismograph, Howard Carter, King Tut, Hank Stram, , Flora, roar, crack, Kevin, couch, workaholic
四、短语
1.an unforgettable experience 一次难忘的经历2． take place 发生、举行take one’s place 就座，代替，名副其实take the place of 代替3. host the 2008 Olympic Games 主办2008奥运会4. be/get caught in 突然遭遇（风暴，雨，交通堵塞）5. for fun 闹着玩地，为了好玩6. worry about =be worried about 担心 7． on holiday/on vacation 在度假8. on fire 着火9. on the second floor 在二楼10. come on [口语]快点，加油，高兴点，得了吧11.natural disaster 自然灾害12. look at 看look forward to…盼望，期待look through 仔细查看，浏览look on/upon…as…把……看作look out 担心，留神，往外看（+of）look after 照顾，照管look for 寻找look up 向上看（vi）,查寻（vt）look around=look round=look about 环顾look down upon/on 歧视，瞧不起look like +名/代/doing 看上去像……look as if+句子 看上去似乎……look into 往里看，调查look up to 尊敬，尊重look back 回顾，追溯13. wave one’s arms 挥动双臂14. be upon (sb) 逼近，临近15. sweep down 掀翻 16. go down under water 沉到水里17. pull sb up 把……往上曳18. hold on hold on to…抓住不放，紧握住19. the next moment 接着，接下来，随后with a look of fright 带着惊吓的表情20. wave one’s arms 挥动双臂21. be upon (sb) 逼近，临近22. sweep down 掀翻23. go down under water 沉到水里24. pull sb up 把……往上曳25. hold on 坚持，继续，（电话用语）不挂上hold on to…抓住不放，紧握住26. the next moment 接着，接下来，随后27. with a look of fright 带着惊吓的表情28. get on one’s feet 站立起来29. fall down 倒下，倒塌，跌倒，降落30. tree after tree 一棵棵树31. seize the opportunity 把握机会32. a two-day trip 33. cut downcut offcut upcut awaycut through34. shake with fever吓得发抖35. a travel agent 36. the next day37. take a photo of…38. fight for/fight against/fight with39. pull at one’s coat 不断拉扯某人的外套
五、句式
1. It’s clear to me that…
2. Just try and you’ll see you can do it.
3. Before she could think twice, the water was upon her.
Before she could move, she heard a great noise, which grew to a terrible roar.
Before they reached the house, a new great wave came, sweeping down the trees, and sweeping them down, too.
4. First,… Next,…, Then,… Finally,…
5. Titanic was the ship that sank after hitting an iceberg.
6. It didn’t take long before the wooden building was swallowed by the fire.
六、部分知识点讲解：
1．sweep 的多种意思
sweep the house clean 把房子打扫干净 A storm swept over the country 暴风雨席卷了整个国家
The old man’s eyes swept the distance 那位老人双眼扫视远方
A new broom sweeps clean. 新官上任三把火。
2．advance v.前进，进展，推进，促进 n.前进，进步
They advanced twenty miles. 他们前进了二十英里
A month has passed and the work has not advanced. 一个月过去了，工作毫无进展
His work advanced the science of biology. 他的工作促进的生物科学
He made a great advance in his studies. 他的学习大有进步。
advanced education 高等教育， in advance 提前
3．seize vt. ( 突然)抓住，抢走，抓住（机会），理解
In frights, she seized his arm. 惊恐中，她突然抓住了他的胳膊。
I can’t quite seize your meaning. 我不太明白你的意思。
4．cut down, cut off, cut away, cut up
n cut off 可表示从某一物体的一端切去或剪去一部分，还可表示“切断电路、电源线路；断绝某种东西的供应”等意义。The slave owner cut off the slave’s foot to stop him from running away.
The line was cut off while I was talking on the telephone.线路被切断了
n cut away 表示“切掉，剪掉，砍掉”某物上固有的一部分，有时off代替away，意思不变
n cut down 表示“砍倒，砍伐”其后常接树木、森林等名词，相当于cause to fall by cutting
The woodcutter cut down a big tree; then he cut off/away the side branches of the tree.
n cut up 表示“齐根砍掉”也表示“砍碎，剁碎，切碎”相当于cut into pieces
Mother cut up some vegetable roots and leaves to feed the chicken 把菜根和叶子剁碎喂鸡
n cut out 表示“裁剪，砍出”She cut the dress out of some old material.
n cut through 表示“开辟（出路或通道）Our boat cut through the waves.我们的船破浪前进。
5．fall off, fall over, fall down
n fall down 不及物动词，表示“（人）跌倒，摔倒或（房屋、建筑，树等）倒下，倒塌，下落
The old lady fell down in the street and broke her arm
n fall off 可作及物动词，表示“从……上落下，掉下，摔下”，有时也可作不及物动词，表示“落下，掉下，脱落；或者“减少，越来越少”
The house moved and a few pictures fell off the wall, but that was all.房子动了动，几幅画从墙上掉了下来，就这些。
His supporters were falling off. 支持她的人越来越少。
n fall over 及物或不及物，意思是“因匆忙或动作不便）跌跤，摔跟斗，绊倒”
He struggled in the snowstorm and didn’t know how many times he had fallen over.
The little boy often falls over when he learns to walk.
6.与feet相关的短语：get on one’s feet 站住脚，站起来；struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来；rise to one’s feet 站起，起身；jump to one’s feet 跳起来；take to one’s feet 走开；bring sb to one’s feet
Unit 5 The Silver Screen
一.旧大纲生词:
hero, scene, law , role, actor / actress, , prize, choice, degree, director, speed, cruel / cruelty, peace, industry, owe, happiness, accept, ice/ icy, determine, live, boss,
二.新大纲生词:
silver, career, drama, award , script, studio academy, follow-up, cruelty,. Creature, outer, adult, primary, leader, comment, action., biography, dinosaurs
三.人名,地名,非大纲生词:
Bicentennial Man, Jurassic Park, Mulan , Malcolm Langland , Maryl Streep, Julia, Oscar, Kramer vs Kramer, Sophie, Sophie’s Choice, Keanu Reeves, Lebanon, Hollywood, stepfather, Speed, The Matrix, Hardball, Steven Spielberg, Jaws, blockbuster, ET, Elliott, Schindler’s List, Saving Private Ryan, Cate Capshaw, Vincent van Gogh.
四.短语:
1. make comments on…对……作出评论2. give opinions 提出意见3. silver screen 银幕， 电影（业）4. play a role/ part in…在…扮演一个角色，在……起作用play the role/part of…扮演……的角色5．speed up 加速 with (great) speed 快速地 at full/ top speed 全速地 at a speed of…以……速度6．in the 1980s =in the 1980’s 二十世纪八十年代7．in the beginning =at first 开始时， 起初8．work as…充当，担任9．make a film 拍电影10．get married (to)…和……结婚11． since then 自从那个时候12．get to know 逐渐认识，开始知道13． work on 从事14． by the sea 在海边15． go wrong 出毛病，出差错，变坏16．meat-eating dinosaurs 食肉恐龙17．win over 争取过来，拉过来，战胜18．in the film industry 在电影业19． owe sth. to sb. =own sb. sth. 欠/负……某人债务， 归功于owing to =because of 因为，由于42．make a choice 做出选择 20．in all 总共21．be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事be afraid of sth. 害怕……be afraid of doing sth. 担心做某事I’m afraid that…恐怕……22．in the end =finally = at last 23. primary school 小学24．stay away 不在家，外出25． in class 在课堂上26．lock sb. up将某人锁于某处不得进出;将某人监禁起来27. run after 追赶，追寻，追捕28. cause trouble 惹麻烦29. go to town 去城里30. can afford to do sth. 买得起…31. get off the bus 下车32. on the air正在播出的33. a 13-year-old girl 一个十三岁的女孩34. not…any more =not…any longer 35. determine to do sth.=be determined to do sth. 下决心做某事36. at a high price 以高价37. think highly of 高度赞扬38. be well received 受到欢迎39．take off 成功;成名;脱掉(衣服);(飞机)起飞40．no choice but 别无选择41． encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
六.句式:
1. What do you think happens before this scene? (P42.1)
2. While still a student, she played roles in many plays. (P42.2)
3. Mery1 Streep made her first film, called Julia in 1977.
4. The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low. (P43.4)
5. This was the moment when Spielberg’s career really took off.
6. It is about a big white shark that attacks swimmers who are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea.
7. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.
8. When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and children. (P43.2)
9. After that it still took seven years before they finally got married.
10. The village leader, Mr Tian, asks Wei Minzhi to take Mr Gao’s place until he comes back. (P43.3)
11. She tries to keep the students in the classroom by locking them up in the classroom and running after those who escape. (P43.2)
12. When she hears that Huike has gone to town, she becomes very worried and determines to bring Huike back safely. (P42.4)
13. She wants them to let her appear live on the air, hoping that Huike will see her.
14. Many people like this film not just because the story itself is moving , but also because most of the people in the film use their real names and play themselves. (P43.1)
五.补充注释:
1.take (1)代替,取代 take sb’s place 或take the place of sb/sth = replace , substitute for ,(do) …instead of, (do)…in place of .
eg. Mr tian asks Wei Minzhi to take Mr Gao’s place until he comes back. 田村长请魏敏芝给高老师代课一直到高老师回来.
但是比较下列两个词组的不同:
1) take one’s place 如座,站好位置,取得地位
2) take place 发生
4. live (1)实况直播
eg. She wants them to let her appear live on the air, hoping that Huike will see her. 她请求他们训育她直接在电视台露面,希望慧科能看到她.
The football game was broadcast live. 那次足球比赛是现场直播的.
The Oscar ceremony is the biggest, most extravagant live event on television. 奥斯卡颁奖典礼是最大最铺张的电视实况转播.
(2)on the air 广播,
eg. We will be on the air in five minutes. 我们五分钟以后开始广播.
This programme comes on the air at the same time every day. 这个电视节目每天在同一时间播出.