Unit thirteen
n.： estuary，tide，sailor， mariner， plankton， substance， atom， molecule， hydrogen， oxygen， gramme， kilogramme， gallon， centigrade， salinity， density， mass， volume， capacity， motion， nursery， mammal， pollutant， erosion， recreation， property， relationship， cube， square oblong cone column ellipse triangle， solid，transport， benefit
v．：range， dissolve， float， decrease， absorb， trust， reproduce， define，
adj.：unique， relative， freezing， pure， stable， sensitive， steady， dense， thus，
sailor: one who serve in the navy or work on a ship
mariner: One who navigates or assists in navigating a ship.
benefit: I did it for his benefit. 我做这个是为了帮助他。
A five-day week benefits more than individually and economically. 五天工作制不仅仅对国家经济和个人有好处。
benefit from: The plants benefited from the rain. 植物得益于这场雨。
We benefit from daily exercises. 我们得益于每天做操。
transport: The goods were transported by train. 货物是用火车来运输的。
Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built.
在雕像可以运往美国之前,必须给它选个场地,还要建造一个雕像底座。
the transport of goods by air空运货物
property: Something owned; a possession.
This car is my property. 这车是我的财产。
common property共同财
public property公共财产
He has a small property. 他有一小块房地产。
range: What is the range of your gun? 你的枪的射程有多远？
a wide rage of temperature气温变化很大
Lether shoes range from $10 a pair. 皮鞋售价每双十美元起。
molecule: A molecule is made up of atoms. 分子由原子组成。
unique: a rather unique position特殊的情况
That building is unique because all the others like it were destroyed. 那座建筑很独特，因为所有像它那样的其他建筑都毁坏了。
Hydrogen: hydrogen bomb氢, hydrogen ion氢离, hydrogen oxide氧化氢,
hydrogen peroxide过氧化, hydrogen sulphide 硫化氢
atom: A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one
atom of oxygen. 一个水分子是由两个氢原子和一个氧原子构成的。
Oxygen: oxygen-free adj. 无氧气的
Relative: After his troubles, he's now in relative comfort.
困境过后，他现在比较舒服了。（与to连用）关于…的；有关…的
the facts that are relative to this question与这个问题有关的事实
live in relative comfort生活得较为舒适
the period of relative stability相对稳定时期
a different yet relative reason虽不同但有连带关系的理由
solid: Gold is solid, but when you heat it, it becomes liquid.
黄金是固体，可是把它加热时，就成了液体。
She will have something to drink but she will not eat any solid food. "她将喝一些饮料,但不吃任何固体食物。"
a man with good solid flesh on him肌肉结实的人
The new office building is a very solid construction.
新建的写字楼非常坚固。
freezing: freezing point 冰点, 凝冻点
a freezing glance 冷淡的一瞥
dissolve: Water dissolve salt. 水溶解盐。
Heat dissolved the candle into a pool of wax in a few minutes.
不到几分钟热就把蜡烛融化成一摊蜡。
dissolve partnership散伙; 取消同事资格
pure: pure gold纯金, pure English纯正英语, a pure mind心地纯洁,
The water in mountain rivers is usually pure.
在山间河流中的水通常是纯净的。
Now nobody can be sure any longer that the air in the countryside is pure and healthy. "现在再也没有人敢于肯定农村的空气纯净,对健康有益了。"
It was a pure accident. 这全然是一次意外事故。
density: the density of population人口密度
density of freight (passenger or traffic) 运输密度
traffic density交通量
mass: Before the rain, the sky was a mass of clouds. 下雨前，天空有一团云。
a mass of hot air一团热空气
the masses群众, 民众
the law of conservation of mass质量守恒定律
I've masses of work to do. 我有大量工作要去做。
volume: the volume of passenger travel旅客的数量
the volume of sales销售量
She turned down the volume on the radio. 她关小了收音机的音量。
float: Wood floats on water. 木头漂浮在水上。
A feather floated down on the wind. 一根羽毛随风飘落。
take advantage of: take advantage of all educational opportunities.
利用一切教育机会
took advantage of the customer. 欺骗消费者
decrease: The number of children in the school has decreased this year.
今年在校的儿童人数减少了。
Your hunger decreases as you eat. 饥饿感在吃饭时会渐渐消失的。
capacity: That bowl has a capacity of two pints. 那只碗的容量有两品脱。
a mind of great capacity理解力极强的头脑
I have come in the capacity of a legal adviser.
我是以法律顾问的身份来的。
substance: a plan without substance. 空洞的计划
absorb: We will not absorb these charges. 我们不能承担这些费用。
This job absorbs all of my time.这件工作占有了我的全部时间。
To follow and absorb a newspaper article is a little bit hard as it requires a high level of mental involvement.
读懂一篇文章比较吃力,因为需要高度的脑力活动。
to absorb in study专心研读
The writer was absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.作家全神贯注地进行写作,忘了弹去雪茄烟的烟灰。
give off: The sun gives off light and heat.
stable: Is that ladder stable? 那架梯子平稳吗？
stable peace稳固的和平stable opinions坚定的意见
a man of stable character性格坚定的人
Markets are flourishing and prices are stable.市场繁荣, 物价稳定。
He is a very stable person.他是一个非常可靠的人。
sensitive: She is sensitive to what people think of her.
她很敏感人们对她是怎么想的。
steady: to make a table steady使桌子牢靠
not very steady on one's leg步履不太稳定
a steady wind持续而无变化的风
motion: motion and rest运动和静止
You must not get out of the car when it is in motion.汽车行驶的时候千万不能下车。
Motion itself is a contradiction. 运动本身就是矛盾。
dense: a dense population. 稠密的人口, a dense jungle浓密的丛林
trust: Don't trust him - he's not telling the truth.
不要相信他，他说得不是真话。
We trust him because we know he has never deceived anyone.
我们信任他,因为我们知道他从来没有欺骗过任何人。
Can I trust you to do this work well?
我可以信任你把这项工作做好吗？
nursery: The nursery teacher made the children sit bolt upright.
幼儿园的老师让孩子们笔直地坐着。
tide: The tide is down. 潮退了。
At high tide the sea covers the rocks, but at low tide it uncovers them. 海水在高潮位时淹过了礁石，可是在低潮位时却淹不过。
Time and tide wait for no man.[谚]岁月不等人; 天道不可抗。
reproduce: Birds reproduce by laying eggs.鸟类由产卵繁殖。
to reproduce a picture复制一张画片
erosion: soil erosion by wind 风侵蚀土壤
recreation: Football is the boys' usual recreation after school.
踢足球是男孩子们放学后通常的娱乐活动。
define: to define the position of the government阐述政府的立场
define sb.'s duties规定某人的任务
define one's position表明立场
Phrases:
benefit from 从……中获益, all the way 一直； 一路上,take advantage of 对……加以利用, give off 释放；放出, call in着急；去情；打电话, a variety of种类繁多的
Others:
P. 17 an ice cube
P. 18 scary story
come up with
P. 19
1. living space
2. be incredibly rich and varied
3. range from
4. the chemical structure of
5. water molecule
6. be made up of
7. polar molecule
8. become available
9. living creatures
10. at room temperature
11. a relatively high freezing point
12. when dissolved gases and solids mix with pure water
13. the salinity of the earth’s oceans even though
14. affect its weight
15. pure water
16. one cubic meter
17. a higher density
18. let the water do the work
19. be frozen solid
20. absorb a lot of heat
21. create a stable environment
22. be sensitive to, water density
23. dense water, blood circulation
24. add … to marine ecosystems
25. move nutrients around
26. of all the resources
27. be as precious as a drop of rain
P.22
28. the mixing of fresh and salt water
29. in as estuary, a unique environment
30. enjoy all the benefits of the …
31. the density of life, come from inland sources
32. prevent erosion
33. contribute to the economy
P99.
34. reach depths of up to 11,000 meters
35. divide … into…
36. at this level
37. adapt…to
38. because of lack of light
39. at this depth
40. manage to survive
41. despite the high water pressure
42. compared to…
43. not to expect to find…
44. turn out,
Life in the oceans ranges from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales.
range from … to
1. The temperatures here from 10℃ to 30℃.
2. Price ranged form 5 to 10 dollars
all the way
1. Jack climbed all the way to the top of the tree
2. ℃All the back, they talked about films and actors,
The nutrients in whatever falls into the ocean quickly become available to other living creatures.
1. Talk to me about whatever is troubling you,
2. Don’t you know that she always succeeds in whatever she tries?
Heat capacity is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree centigrade.
This mixing of fresh and salt water creates a unique environment filled with life of all kinds--a zone between the land and the sea.
Vocabulary