知识精讲(一)
1．The Reaction of Metals with Oxygen .
reaction n.反应 反作用力化学反应
reaction with和……反应
reaction to对……的反应
He made no reaction to my joke.
他对我的玩笑没有任何反应。
2．The reaction of metals with these substances can be put in order.
in order
（1）按照顺序；挨次
He put all the books in alphabet order on the shelf.他把所有的书按字母顺序放在书架上。
（2）整齐；整洁
（3）恰当，正确；符合程序
（4）in order that＋句子
为了……，目的在于……
（5）in order to do sth..
为了（做某事），以便（做某事）
（6）keep in order
使遵守秩序；维持秩序
（7）out of order
次序紊乱；（机器等）失灵，出故障，有病，违反议事规则
3．Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top，and the metals that react least at the bottom.
table表格，一览表；目录
a table of contents
The results of the experiments can be seen in the table.
实验结果可在表上看到。
知识精讲(二)
［注：上接知识精讲(一)］
4．Leave the tube for one week.
此处leave意为维持，使或允许在或保持某一特定状态 (To cause or al low to be or remain in a specified state)。如：
He left the lights on.
他让灯亮着。
leave作“离开”讲时，为及物动词；当其作“去、出发”讲时，为不及物动词。leave还用作“遗忘、忘掉”之意，与forget近义，但其后搭配不一样。leave＋sth.＋表示地点的短语，而forget后只接sth.，不可接地点状语。试比较：I left my English book somewhere.／I forgot my English book.
be leaving是进行时态形式，但表示“将发生的行为”。例如：
The train is leaving. You must hurry up. 火车就要走了，你必须快点。
5．This makes sure there is no air in the water.
sure是形容词，意为“肯定的，当然的”。常用来回答一般疑问句，等于Yes或Certainly。sure的用法：
（1）be sure＋不定式。常用于祈使句，表示要求，意为“务必、请一定”。指外界的看法。例如：
I think he's coming，but I'm not quite sure.
Be sure to telephone me and give me all the news.
（2）be sure＋of或about。意为“相信，对……有把握”，后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。常用来表示“人对某事的看法”，指主观上的看法。例如：
Are you sure of that meeting? He is sure about this answer.
（3）be sure＋从句。表示“某人对……有把握”。例如：
I'm sure that he is coming to help me.
The teacher is sure that these books are interesting.
（4）make sure意为“务必、确信”，其后也可接of或about或动词不定式或that从句。例如：
1 made sure (that) he was badly ill.
Will you make sure of his return?
Make sure to come to the party on time.
知识精讲(三)
［注：上接知识精讲(二)］
6．Add some oil to the water. This will keep air out of the water.
add（1）增加
to add more hot water多加点热水
Add a few more names of labourers to the list.
名单上再加上几个工人的名字。
（2）加；加起来
If you add 4 to 3 you get 7.
四加三得七。
Add up these figures，please.
请把这些数字加起来。
（3）补充说；又说
I should add that we are very pleased.
我要补充的是我们非常高兴。
I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result.
我还要补充说一下，我们对测试结果表示满意。
常用短语：
add fuel to the fire火上浇油
add up加算；合计
He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights.
他把每一块石头的重量记下来，然后把所有的重量加在一起。
The various facts in their report just don't add up.
他们报告中的各方面材料根本串不起来。
add up to
总计为，总数达
7．It's getting brighter and brighter!
英语中两个比较级用and连在一起表示“越来越……”如：
He runs faster and faster.
他跑得越来越快。
知识精讲(四)
［注：上接知识精讲(三)］
8．The closer you are .the more you'll see .
The＋比较级……，the＋比较级……“越……越…”
The more I read，the more intensely interested l became.
The more he has，the more he wants.
The happier a human being is，the longer he lives.
人越开心，寿命越长。
在句意明确时，常以省略句的形式出现。
The sooner (you do it)，the better (it will be).
9．Go ahead!
go ahead的基本意思是“往前走；先走；走在前面”。在日常对话中，表示鼓励对方做某事，意为“干吧；说吧；尽管用吧”；与with连用表示“继续前进；着手进行”等。如：
The police examined the cars and allowed them to go ahead.
警察检查了那些汽车后，允许他们继续赶路。
You go ahead and tell them we'll be there soon.
你先走一步，告诉他们，我们马上就到。
-Could I have a look at your copy of China Daily?
我可以看一下你那份《中国日报》吗?
-Sure. Go ahead.可以。看吧。
If you think you can solve the problem，just go ahead.
如果你认为你能解决这个问题，那就干吧。
After the rain，we went ahead with our work of digging the canal.
雨停之后，我们继续挖渠。
He gave us the permission to go ahead with our building plan.
他允许我们着手制订建房计划。
知识精讲(五)
［注：上接知识精讲(四)］
10．It's your turn…
turn次序：依次轮流或按时间表的顺序排列的一系列机会中的一次She's waiting for her next turn at bat.
她在等她在棒球比赛中的下一次击球机会。
常用短语：
（1）at every turn＝in every place；at every moment
处处；时时
（2）by turns＝one after another；alternately
轮流地，交替地
“From the…testimony emerges a man by turns devious and honest，vulgar and gallant，scatterbrained and shrewd" ( Life )
“从指证来看，一个人交替地表现为狡猾和诚实，粗鄙和豪侠，浮躁和精明”（生活）
（3）in turn依次地，轮流地
（4）out of turn未按照正当的次序或顺序地
No one is allowed to get his ticket out of turn.
任何人都不准不按次序买票。
（5）to a turn正好；恰好
The roast was done to a turn.
面包烤得恰到好处。
（6）It's one's turn (to do sth.) 轮到某人做某事了。
It is your turn now.
现在轮到你了。
11．Come a bit closer.
可修饰比较级的词
（1）a bit，a little，rather，much，far，by far，many，s lot，lots，a great deal，any，still，even等。
（2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
（3）以上词（除by far）外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
12．so we should be very proud of that
be proud of以……为荣；以……自豪
do oneself proud养尊处优，自奉优厚
do sb. proud给面子，使某人感到荣幸；慷慨地款待某人；丰盛地招待某人
He is proud of his daughter's ability to speak four languages.
他为女儿能说四种语言而骄傲。
He's too proud to be seen in public with his poorly-dressed mother.
他非常傲慢，不愿在公共场所被人看见和衣衫褴褛的母亲在一起。
13．…as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments.
be supposed to:应该，必须，被认为，被期望
Athletes who competed in the Olympic Games were supposed to be amateurs.
在过去，奥运会的参赛运动员应该是业余选手。