介词
about
1. be curious about对……感到好奇
She is too curious about her neighbors’ business.
她太好管邻居的闲事。
2. knock about/around 接连打击；冲击；漫游；闲逛
He knocked about for a year, trying to find a proper job.
他到处跑了一年，想找一份合适的工作。
3. get around/about四处走动；活动
A car makes it easier to get around/about.
汽车使走动容易了。
4. go about开始做；着手做
It’s not a difficult job if you go about it in the right way.
假如你以正确的方法做，那不是一件困难的工作。
after
1. after all毕竟
Personally, I think he did a good job. After all, he’s only a green hand.
我个人认为他工作做得很好。毕竟，他是一个新手。
as
1. act as 扮演；担当；充当
A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind man.
经过训练的狗可以给盲人充当向导。
2. as a result (of)结果
He was late as a result of the traffic jam.
由于交通阻塞，他迟到了。
3. as far as I know就我所知
As far as I know, he failed again in the exam.
就我所知，他考试又不及格。
4. serve as作为；当作
When you sleep in the open, old newspaper can serve as a blanket.
在野外睡觉时，旧报纸可充作毛毯用。
5. be known as作为……而出名
The woman is known as a singer.
这个妇女以歌唱家而闻名。
6. such as诸如……之类的，像……这种的
I visited several cities such as New York, Chicago, and Boston.
我游览过几个城市，像纽约、芝加哥、波士顿等。
at
1. at hand近在手边；在附近；即将来到
I always keep a dictionary at hand.
我经常把字典放在手边。
2. aim (sth) at旨在；瞄准
The hunter aimed his rifle at a deer.
猎人用步枪瞄准一只鹿。
3. at first sight乍一看；初见之下
At first sight their demands seemed reasonable.
乍看之下，他们的要求似乎满合理的。
4. at the mercy of任由……摆布
The boat was at the mercy of the rapid river.
那条船任由湍急的河流摆布。
5. at a distance
The sound of the waterfall can be heard at a distance of 2 miles.
在2英里外就能听到瀑布声。
6. all at once突然
All at once he spoke out.
他突然大胆说出来。
back
1. pay back偿还
Can you lend me some money? I’ll pay you back tomorrow.
你能不能借我一点钱？我明天就还给你。
by
1. by comparison“相比之下”
He seems rather weak by comparison.
相比之下，他似乎相当累。
in/by comparison with“与……比起来；与……相比”
Living in the country is cheap in comparison with the big cities.
与大城市相比，在乡下生活较便宜。
2. go by过去；走过
Two years had gone by before we knew it.
两年已经过去了，我们才知道真相。
for
1. call for 1）去接（某人），去取（某物）2）要求；大声呼叫3）需要
a) Wait for me at home. I’ll call for you on my way to school.
请在家等着我，我会在上学的路上去接你。
b) People are calling for freedom of all slaves.
人们要求给所有的奴隶以自由。
c) Success in school calls for much hard work.
学业上要取得成功需要付出艰苦的努力。
2. be done for完蛋了；不行了；累死了
If Jim fails that test, he is done for.
如果吉姆考试不及格，他就完了。
3. allow for顾及；为……作准备
It takes about an hour to get there, allowing for possible traffic delays.
考虑到交通延迟，到那儿需大约一小时时间。
4. be used for被用来做……
During the war, the castle was used for keeping prisoners in.
战争期间，这个城堡用来关押囚犯。
5. for once就这（那）一次
For once you are right.
只有这一次你是对的。
from
1. (be) free from无……的；免于……；免除……；摆脱……
The old lady is never free from pain.
那老太太一直没有摆脱痛苦。
2. prevent sb. (from) doing sth“阻止某人做某事”
What can we do to prevent this disease (from) spreading?
我们怎么做才能防止这种疾病传播呢？
3. benefit from从……中获益
I benefited enormously from my father’s advice.
我从父亲的忠告获益良多。
4. from then on从那时起
From then on, he worked even harder.
从那时起他工作更加努力。
5. break away from摆脱；脱离
The criminal broke away from the two policemen who were holding him.
罪犯挣脱了抓住他的两位警察。
6. date from 见date back to
7. protect … from/against保护……免遭……
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴着太阳镜保护眼睛免受强光伤害。
8. die from见die of
9. suffer from苦于；患……病
He is suffering from a bad cold.
他在患重感冒。
in
1. in one’s absence“某人不在时；某人外出时；背地里”
They spoke ill of the captain in his absence.
他们在背地里说队长的坏话。
2. consist in “在于；存在于”
The beauty of this picture consists in its balance of colors.
这幅画的美在于其色彩的协调。
3. in general 一般地；大体上
In general he is quite a satisfactory student.
总的说来，他是一位令人满意的学生。
4. keep in touch with 与……保持联系
They keep in touch with each other by writing regularly.
他们经常通信，保持联系。
5. in store 储藏着；准备着；就要来到
There was another accident in store for him that day.
那天还有另一个灾难在等待着他。
6. in the air“在空中的；在传播中的；未决定的”
There’s a rumor in the air that he is going to resign.
谣传他即将辞职。
7. keep/bear … in mind记住
Please keep these rules in mind.
请记住这些规则。
8. in harmony “和谐；和睦” in harmony with“与……协调；与……一致”
Tom and I worked together in harmony for years.
几年来汤姆和我一起工作，和睦相处。
His tastes are in harmony with mine.
他的口味和我的一致。
9. have …in common有共同之处
They found they had a lot in common and got on well.
他们发现有许多共同之处，所以相处得很好。
10. in public公开地；公然
He is brave enough to speak in public.
他很勇敢当众演说。
11. call in 召集；打电话
The problem is too complex. We ought to call in a specialist.
这个问题太复杂，我们应该请一位专家。
12. put … in prison把……投进监狱
The murderer has been put in prison.
杀人犯以被投进监狱。
13. in vain徒劳；白辛苦
He tried in vain to memorize the poem.
他怎么背都没办法把那首诗背出来。
14. in turn转而；反过来；轮流
They sang on the stage in turn .
他们依次在台上歌唱。
15. in terms of 就……而言
The book has been well received , but in terms of actual sales, it hasn’t been very successful.
这本书很受欢迎，但就实际销售而言还不十分成功。
16. in the eyes of 在……看来
You are only a child in his eyes.
你在他眼里只是个孩子。
17. have a hand in参与；插手
He would like to have a hand in arranging the entertainment.
他想参与安排娱乐之事。
18. be absorbed in
When I entered, he was absorbed in his book and didn’t notice me.
当我进去时，他专心致志于书本，没有注意到我。
19. believe in相信；信任；信仰
I believe what you said but I don’t believe in you.
我相信你说的话，但我不信任你的为人。
20. in debt负债
After the merchant’s ships were all lost at sea, he was in heavy debt.
那位商人的船在海上沉没后，他便负债累累。
21. in conflict 有矛盾，不一致in conflict with与（某人）意见不一致
Full employment and economic viability are in conflict.
充分就业与经济存活能力是两件事。
22 in honor of为向……表示敬意；为庆祝……；为纪念……
There is a party tonight in honor of our new president.
为庆祝新总经理就任，今晚有个聚会。
23. in case of假使；以防
In case of fire , call 119.
倘若有火灾，就打119。
24. take part in参加；参与（某事物）
The professor took no small part in the dispute.
在那争论中，这位教授参与不少。
into
1. look into调查；观察
The committee is looking into the cause of the accident.
委员会正在调查事故的原因。
2. come into being
We don’t know when this world came into being.
我们不知道世界何时形成。
of
1. dream of梦想；梦到
I often dreamed of becoming a doctor.
我时常梦想成为一名医生。
2．inform sb of sth告知某人某事
She returned and informed us of their decisions.
她回来告知我们她们的决定。
3. consist of “由……组成；由……构成”
Her diet consisted mainly of bread and vegetables.
她的日常食物主要由面包和蔬菜构成。
4. make the most of充分利用；充分展示
You should try to make the most of your time.
你应尽量利用你的时间。
5. cure sb. of “治愈某人的……病；改掉某人的……恶习”
It seems that nobody can cure me of smoking.
似乎没人能使我戒烟。
6. catch/get/have a glimpse of瞥见；一瞥
I only caught a glimpse of the parcel, so I can’t guess what was inside it.
我只是瞥见了那个包裹，所以不能猜出里面有什么。
7. all of a sudden突然地；冷不防；意外地
Life seemed, all of a sudden, empty and meaningless.
突然之间，生活似乎变得空洞起来，毫无意义。
8. remind sb. of sth.使某人想起……；提醒某人（注意）某事
What he said just now reminded me of that American professor.
他刚才所说的使我想起那位美国教授。
9. take advantage of对……加以利用
I hope that this library is fully taken advantage of.
我希望这座图书馆能被充分利用。
10. a variety of/varieties of 种类繁多的
There are a wide variety of people on the earth.
世界上有各种不同的人。
11. regardless of不理会；不顾
He says what he thinks, regardless of other people’s feelings.
他想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的感受。
12. get/be tired of对……感到厌倦；对……失去兴趣
He is tired of the same food for breakfast every morning.
他对每天早晨的同样食物感到厌倦。
13. be aware of知道；意识到
Are you aware of the difficulty in dealing with the matter?
你知道处理这件事情的困难吗？
14. keep track of保持联系
He often read newspapers to keep track of current events.
他经常读报以求熟悉时事。
15. die of指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿等， die from则指由于外伤或不注意的原因而死。
She died of old age.
她终享天年。
He died from overwork.
他操劳过度而死。
16. instead of
Instead of going to see the sight, he went to the library.
他没有去观光而是去了图书馆。
17. inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事
I informed her mother of her safe arrival.
我通知她母亲她已平安抵达。
off
1. give off释放；放出
These wild flowers give off a nice smell.
这些野花散发出一股香味。
2. cool off (down)变凉；冷却；冷静
Her friendship for me has cooled off.
她对我的友情已渐冷淡。
3. take off（飞机）起飞；脱掉（衣服）；休假
A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up and down.
直升飞机可以直接起飞和降落。
on
1. impress sth.on或 sb. impress sb. with sth“使某人铭记某事”
My father impressed on me the importance of work.
父亲要我铭记工作的重要性。
2.on sale“在出售，上市；特价地；廉价地”
I got this hat on sale; it was very cheap.
我是以特价买的这顶帽子，很便宜。
4. have (an) influence on/upon/over “对……有影响”
The book had a great influence on his life.
这本书对他的人生影响很大。
5. on a … basis或 on the basis of“以……为基础”
On the basis of those facts, we can reach the following conclusion.
根据那些事实，我们可以得出以下结论。
6. on the air在广播中；被广播 （注意：与in the air的比较）
He will speak on the air this evening.
今晚他将在广播中演说。
7. on the contrary正相反；反之
“You’ll get tired of it.” “On the contrary, I’ll enjoy it very much.”
“你会厌倦它的。”“正相反，我会很喜欢它的。”
8. on the way (to)即将到来；通常在句中作表语。
The new machine you ordered is on the way.
你订购的那台新机器即将运到。
He is on the way to becoming an officer of the company.
他即将成为该公司的领导。
9. on end直立；竖着；连续地；一连
It has been snowing for a week on end.
雪连续下了一周了。
10. have an effect on对……有影响（作用）
The medicine had a good effect on me.
那种药对我有良好功效。
11. rely on依靠；依赖；信任
You may not rely on the weather report.
天气预报不足为信。
12. throw light upon/on阐明某事；使某事显得非常清楚。
The modern scientific theory has thrown light on the mystery.
现代科学理论已使这个迷明朗化。
13. insist on坚持
She insisted on going there.
她坚持要到那儿去。
14. have mercy on对……表示怜悯
He had little mercy on the prisoners.
他对囚犯毫不宽容。
15. get down on one’s knees跪下
They will never get down on their knees before the enemy.
他们决不向敌人下跪。
16. agree on决定
After a long time of discussion, the two companies agreed on the price at last.
经过长时间的讨论，两家公司最后就价格达成协议。
17. on fire着火；非常激动，充满激情
These students are on fire for what they are learning in the computer class.
这些学生因学习计算机而情绪激动。
18. on the other hand另一方面
I can’t afford a holiday at present. On one hand, I am busy; on the other hand I’m lacking money.
我现在不能度假，一方面，我很忙；另一方面，我没钱。
19. work on继续工作；从事于某事
He’s working on a new novel and always works on until midnight to have it published as soon as possible.
他正在写一本新的小说，为了尽快出版，他总是干到半夜。
20. be on a diet节食，吃限定食物
He went on a diet a week ago.
他在一周前开始节食。
21. on board
There were 500 passengers on board the plane.
有500 名旅客搭乘那架飞机。
out
1. turn out结果（是）；证明（是）
The night turned out cold and rainy.
那个晚上结果是寒冷且下雨。
2. wipe out“擦洗……的内部；去除；消灭”
He tired to wipe out the memory of his former girlfriend.
他试图抹去对前任女友的回忆。
3. put out出版；生产；扑灭；关掉
She put out all the lights before going to bed.
她在睡觉前关掉了所有的灯。
4. work out计划；训练；决定；算出
We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it worked out very well.
我们没有那样计划我们的艺术展览，但展览的结果却很好。
5. die out灭绝
Some species died out because of pollution.
一些物种由于污染而灭绝了。
6. stand out突出；显眼；远远超过某人（物）
The road sign is easy to read: the words stand out well.
路标易读是因为字“显眼，引人注目”。
7. pick out（精心）挑选出；（从多数中）找出，分辨出；了解，领会（意义）；（以不同的颜色）衬托，使显眼
Although there were so many people in the hall, I could pick out my mother.
尽管礼堂里有许多人，我还是认出我母亲。
over
1. run over（车辆）从……上驶过；碾过；匆匆看过一遍；复习一遍；溢出
a) The train ran over the man as he was crossing the line.
那人在过铁路时被火车轧死了。
b) The speaker ran over his notes before the lecture.
演讲人在开讲前匆匆看了一遍讲演稿。
c) The cup was full and the water in it was running over.
那杯子以满，水正溢出。
through
1. live through
The sick man is not likely to live through the winter.
病人有可能活不过冬天。
throughout遍及；贯穿
He felt very tired from painting walls throughout the day.
他整天粉刷墙觉得很累。
to
1．be similar to与……相似
My opinions are similar to his.
我的看法与他的相似。
2．be/get engaged to（与某人）订婚
My daughter is engaged to a young teacher.
我女儿与一位年轻的老师订婚了。
3. relate…to/with把……与……联系起来
be related to 与……有关系
I can’t relate what he does to what he says.
我无法把他做的与他说的联系在一起。
Physics is closely related to mathematics.
物理学与数学有着密切的关系。
4. be/become/get addicted to“对……上瘾；沉溺于”
He became addicted to drugs.
他染上了毒瘾。
5. look up to尊敬；钦佩
Schoolboys usually look up to great athletes.
学生通常尊敬伟大的运动员。
6．A is to B what C is to D. “A对B而言正如C对D一样。”
空气之于人就如同水之于鱼一样重要。
7. belong to 属于；是……的成员之一；此短语不可用进行式，也没有被动语态形式。
Who does this bag belong to?
这个提包是谁的？
8. contribute to “为……作贡献；有助于……；向……投稿”
The fine weather contributed to the success of the voyage.
9. next to 几乎；常用于否定词之前。
I knew next to nothing about electricity.
对电我几乎是一无所知。
10. to the full/fullest充分地；尽情地；非常
We appreciated to the full our teacher’s help.
我们非常感谢老师的帮助。
11. witness to“为……作证；出庭证明；证实；说明”
Many people witnessed to the events of that evening.
很多人作证，证明那天傍晚发生的事件。
12. attend to“处理；专心于；注意”
I have an urgent matter to attend to.
我有件急事要处理。
13. have access to接近；进入
Every student has free access to the library.
每位学生都可以自由利用该图书馆。
14. put an end to结束；制止
We should put an end to the war.
我们应该结束这场战争。
15. lead to导致；招致
His scandal led to his resignation.
他的丑闻导致他辞职。
16. come to life恢复生气；活跃起来
When the teacher told the students they would have three days’ vacation, they came to life at once.
当老师告诉学生们他们要有三天假时，学生们顿时兴致勃勃起来。
17. set an example to为……树立榜样
Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us and we should learn from him.
雷锋同志为我们树立了好榜样，我们应该向他学习。
18. get used to适应于……；习惯于……
My granny used to live in the country by herself, but now she has got used to living together with us in the city.
我奶奶过去一个人住在农村，但她现在已习惯于与我们一块住在城里。
19. tend to朝某方向；趋于
He tends to get angry when people oppose to his plan.
别人反对他的意见时，他很容易生气。
20. date back to追溯到；始于
The castle dates back to the 14th century.
这个城堡可追溯到十四世纪。
21. object to反对；讨厌
He objected to being treated like a child.
他讨厌被当成小孩子看待。
22. according to根据
Our English teacher asks us to guess the meanings of the unknown words according to the context.
我们的英语老师要求我们根据上下文猜测不认识的词。
23. adjust to适应
He soon adjusted himself to the way of life and lived happily ever since.
他很快适应了这种生活方式，从此快乐地生活。
24. draw attention to吸引某人的注意力
The children’s attention was suddenly drawn to the passer-by who had a funny hat on and wore strange clothes.
孩子们的注意力突然被吸引到过路人身上，他戴着滑稽的帽子，穿着奇怪的衣服。
25. open a /the door to/for为……创造条件，给……开门，给……以方便
Learning to read and write opens the door to better living conditions.
学会读写为拥有较好的生活条件创造了条件。
up
1. cheer up（使）感到振奋；（使）感到高兴
They all cheered up at the news.
听到那个消息，他们欢欣鼓舞。
2. cut up切碎；剪碎
Cut up vegetables into small pieces.
把蔬菜切碎。
3. tear up撕毁；取消（合同等）
He was very angry and tore up the agreement.
他很生气，撕毁了合同。
4. dig up挖出；掘起
He dug up old coins.
他掘到古老的钱币。
5. use up用完；用尽；（用于被动语态）筋疲力尽
He used up all his money.
他花光了所有的钱。
The soldiers were used up after the long battle.
士兵们在经过漫长的战斗后已筋疲力尽。
6. take up arms拿起武器
The whole nation took up arms to defend their country, although the enemy were armed to the teeth.
全国人民拿起武器保卫国家，尽管敌人武装到牙齿。
7. go up上升；增长；攀登
With the prices of everyday goods going up, he can hardly support his family now.
随着日常商品价格的上升，他几乎不能供养他的家庭了。
8. call up召唤；使人想起；调动；提出；打电话
The music calls up the happy days which they spent together in their youth.
音乐使他们想起青年时代一起度过的快乐日子。
9. light up
A smile lit up her face.
她一笑表情为之开朗。
with
1. arm oneself with …“装备……；以……为武器”
be armed ( with)“武装起来；有武器”
The crowd armed themselves with sticks and stones.
那些群众以棍棒和石头当武器。
The warship is armed with nuclear weapons.
那艘战舰有核武器。
2. deal with 1）与……相处 2）对待，对付3）处理4）论述
a) I found her quite hard to deal with.
我发现她很难相处。
b) What’s the best way of dealing with naughty children?
对付顽皮孩子的最佳方式是什么？
c) How shall we deal with this problem?
我们将怎样处理这一问题？
d) Tom’s new book deals with the troubles in Ireland.
汤姆的新书论述了爱尔兰的烦恼。
3. be infected with感染上；感化，影响
When he was in prison, he was infected with all sorts of antisocial ideas.
当他在监狱时，受到了各种各样反社会思想的影响。
4. come up with想出；产生；发现
Dennis can always come up with a new idea for increasing sales.
丹尼斯总能想出新的主意，增加销售。
5. keep in touch with与……保持联系
We keep in touch with each other by writing letters.
我们通过写信保持联系。
6. link up with=connect with与……相连接
There the irrigation canal links up with the reservoir which is very important to the villagers.
这条灌溉渠道在那儿与水库连接起来，水库对村民们很重要。
7. fill up with用……装满
I filled the room up with furniture.
我把家具装满了房间。
8. end (up) with以……结束，以……为下场
At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit.
在宴会上，开始的一道菜通常是汤，最后的一道菜是水果。
within “在……以内”
1．You have to finish the work within an hour.
你必须在一小时内完成工作。