知识记忆
§2.1 知识网络
1.pay back偿还；报答；报复
Can you lend me some money? I’ll pay you back tomorrow.
你能借给我一些钱吗？我明天就还你。
He paid me back the 100 dollars he owed me.
他把欠我的100美元还给我了。
He paid the money back soon after he got a well-paid job.
他找到高薪工作后，很快就把钱还给了我。
Susan doesn’t know how to pay him back for his help.
苏珊得到他的帮助，不知如何报答。
He paid me back by not coming.
他没来，以示对我的报复。
2.mercy n.仁慈，怜悯，宽恕；侥幸，幸运
The general showed no mercy,and his prisoners were all killed.
那位将军没有仁慈，他所有的犯人都被处死了。
It’s a mercy that the accident happened so close to the hospital.
很侥幸，这次事故发生在离医院不远处。
have mercy on/upon sb.;show mercy to sb.
宽恕、怜悯某人
They have no mercy on the poor father and daughter.
他们不怜悯这对可怜的父女。
Have mercy on me,please.
请宽恕我吧。
beg for mercy 乞求/请求宽恕
He went down on his knees and begged for mercy.
他跪下来，乞求宽恕。
at the mercy of “任由……摆布，在……掌握中”
I shouldn’t like to be at the mercy of such a cruel man.
我不想任由这个残忍的家伙摆布。
They were lost at sea,at the mercy of the winds and waves.
他们在海上迷失了方向，任由风浪摆布。
We were at the mercy of the enemy.
我们的命运在敌人的掌握中。
3.envy vt.羡慕，妒忌
What a grand thing it is to be a musician! How I envy you.
当一名音乐家有多伟大啊!我真羡慕你。
envy后常接双宾语，构成envy sb. sth.“忌妒某人的……，羡慕某人的……”。
I envy you your health.
我羡慕你的健康。
I envied him his experience.
我羡慕他的丰富经验。
I don’t envy you your journey in this bad weather.
我不羡慕你的旅行，天气这么不好。
How I envy you your talent!
我真是羡慕你的才能哟!
4.tear up撕毁；取消
John tore up his test paper so that his father wouldn’t see his low grade.
约翰撕毁了他的试卷，生怕他爸爸看到他得了那么低的分数。
She tore up the letter angrily and threw it into the dustbin.
她气愤地撕毁了那封信，把它扔进了垃圾箱。
They tore up the agreement without any reason.
他们无缘无故地取消了那份协议。
5.swear v.发誓；宣誓；断言；保证
They swore eternal friendship.
他们发誓友情不渝。
He swore never to drink.
他发誓绝不再喝酒。
He swore to tell us the truth.
他发誓给我们说实话。
He swore to be faithful to us.
他发誓效忠我们。
He swore his story was true.
他发誓他所讲的是真实的。
I swear that you are wrong.
我断言你错了。
swear to having done sth.
发誓说做过某事，坚持说做过某事
He swore to having been there then.
他发誓说当时他在那里。
I swore to having paid for the goods.
我发誓说已付了货款。
6.declare vt.宣布；声明
The new government declared a state of war with Germany.
新政府宣布与德国处于战争状态。
Jones was declared the winner of the match.
琼斯被宣布是这场比赛的胜者。
India declared her independence in 1947.
1947年印度宣布独立。
She declared that she didn’t want to see him again.
她声明她再也不想见他。
The Chinese government declared that Taiwan is part of China.
中国政府声明，台湾是中国的一部分。
declare sb./sth.(to be)…“宣布成为……；声明是……
He declared himself to be a member of their Party.
他宣布加入他们的党派。
His actions declared him to be an honest man.
他的行为表明他是个诚实的人。
7.court n.法庭，法院；开庭；球场
The court found him guilty.
法庭发现他有罪。
The prisoner was brought to court for trial.
那个犯人被带上法庭接受审判。
The case was settled out of court.
该案件在庭外解决了。
Several cases await trial at the next court.
下次开庭有几个案件等着审判。
He met her at the tennis court.
他在网球场见到了她。
Are all the players on court yet?
所有球员都到场地了吗？
take sb.to court 对某人起诉，控告
She decided to take him to court.
她决定控告他。
注：court很多情况下不加冠词。
8.murder vt.谋杀；杀害
He murdered the old woman for her money.
他杀害了那位老妇人以获取她的钱财。
He murdered his rival in cold blood.
他残忍地杀害了他的对手。
Gandhi was murdered by an Indian who opposed his views.
甘地被一位反对他的主张的印度人所杀害。
murder n.谋杀；凶杀；凶杀案
a case of murder一起凶杀案
an attempted murder杀人未遂
commit murder犯杀人罪
She cried,“Murder!”她大喊：“杀人了!”
He was convicted of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment.
他承认杀人，被判终身监禁。
There were three murders in one month.
一个月之内发生了三起凶杀案。
The number of murders is rising in San Francisco.
在旧金山，凶杀案的数量在不断增加。
9.immediately adv.立刻；马上
He came home immediately after work.
他一下班就马上回家。
I wrote back to her immediately.
我立刻给她写了回信。
immediately conj.一……就……
Immediately he came home,I told him about that.
他一回家，我就告诉他那件事了。
She recognized me immediately she saw me.
她一看到我就认出了我。
I left immediately the clock struck twelve.
12点的钟声一响我就离开了。
10.conflict n.冲突；战斗
Nations must not settle their differences by armed conflicts.
各国不应通过武装冲突解决国家之间的分歧。
There is no conflict between church and state in Britain now.
在英国教堂与政府之间已不存在矛盾。
You should avoid conflict with your neighbors.
你应避免与邻居争执。
come into conflict with与……冲突；与……有矛盾
The two sides came into conflict last week,causing 5 people dead and many injured.
双方上周发生了冲突，造成5人死亡，多人受伤。
The husband often comes into conflict with his wife.
这位丈夫经常与妻子发生矛盾。
in conflict with与……冲突；与……有矛盾
My interests are in conflict with theirs.
我的利益与他们的冲突。
His words are in conflict with his actions.
他的言行不一致。
§2.2 发散思维
1.as far as
①到某一指定地点；远达
He walked as far as the post office.
他一直步行到邮局。
I’ll see you off as far as the airport.
我将一直送你到飞机场。
②同样的距离
We didn’t go as far as others.
我们没有别人走的那样远。
③(程度，范围)就……而言；至于，尽……
As far as I know,he isn’t coming to the party.
就我所知，他不会来参加这次聚会。
I’ll help you as far as I can.
我将尽我所能帮助你。
This is as far as we go.
我们到达终点了。
as/so far as…be concerned就……而言
As far as I am concerned,I cannot object to your marriage.
就我个人而言，我不反对你们的婚事。
As far as he is concerned,he can’t afford such an expensive car.
就他而言，他买不起这么贵的汽车。
2.order vt.命令；下令
order后可接名词作宾语。
The chairman ordered silence.
主席要求大家安静。
order sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事
The policeman ordered the drunken man leave the shop.
警察命令那个醉汉离开商店。
The doctor ordered me to take a rest for a week.
医生指示我要我休息一周。
She ordered the baggage to be brought to her room.
她吩咐把行李搬进她的房间。
order后可接that从句，从句中的谓语动词用“should+v.”形式，should可省略。
The king ordered that the man be released.
国王下令释放那个人。
The officer ordered that the guns be fired.
军官下令开炮。
order有时可与某些副词或介词短语连用。
He ordered me away.他命令我走开。
The father ordered his son out of the house.
父亲要儿子离开家。