宾语从句简化

发布时间:2016-1-24编辑:互联网

作者:贾利民

1号演播厅:当主句谓语动词为hope,wish, agree, decide, choose等,其后接that引导的宾语从句,且主从句主语一致时,从句可以简化成不定式结构。如:

He decides that he will visit our school.

→ He decides to visit our school.

2号演播厅:主句的谓语动词为感官动词see, hear, watch或动词find等时,宾语从句常简化成"感官动词 / find+宾语+宾语补足语"结构,此时的宾语由从句的主语转化而来,而宾语补足语通常是形容词、省to的不定式或动词的-ing形式。如:

I saw that some children were playing in the park.

→ I saw some children playing in the park.

They found that the box was very heavy.

→ They found the box very heavy.

3号演播厅:动词seem后的宾语从句,也可以转化成不定式结构。形式主语it通常需用从句主语替换。如:

It seems that he is ill.

→ He seems to be ill.

4号演播厅:由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,当主从句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化成"疑问词+不定式"结构。此时主句谓语动词常为learn, know, forget, remember, decide等。如:

I don't know how I can get there.

→ I don't know how to get there.

5号演播厅:当主句谓语动词为tell, ask, show, teach等时,后接双宾语,从句由疑问词引导且主语与主句的间接宾语相一致时,宾语从句也可简化成"疑问词+不定式"结构。如:

Please tell me where I should show my ticket.

→ Please tell me where to show my ticket.

[ 特别提醒]从句主语和主句的间接宾语不一致时,为了防止句子产生歧义,宾语从句一般不简化。如:

He didn't tell me when he was coming back.

→ He didn't tell me when to come back.

翻译1:他没有告诉我他什么时候回来。

翻译2:他没有告诉我(我)应该什么时候回来。