Unit 21
Useful expressions
1. be familiar with 熟悉, 通晓, 精通
He is familiar with Chinese ancient history. 他通晓中国古代史。Are you familiar with the rules of baseball? 你熟悉棒球规则吗? 区分be familiar to sth. 为…所熟悉: The singer is familiar to every one of us. 这位歌唱家是我们大家熟悉的。
2. earn one’s living 谋生，以……为生
making a living ：She hoped to earn her living by writing articles. 她曾经希望靠写文章来谋生。A teacher earns his/her living by teaching, a writer by writing. 教师以教学为生，作家以写作为生。
3. learn … by heart 记住,背诵
Try to learn the words and phrases by heart. 力争把这些词语都记住。It is a good practice to learn by heart as many English texts as possible. 尽量多背诵英语课文，这是一种好的练习。They used to learn hundreds of songs by heart.他们通常能记几百首歌曲。
4. get married 结婚
We're getting married next month. 复习其它用法: Are you married or single? She's married to my brother. He's married to his work. 他一心扑在工作上。
5. in praise of 赞扬
Much was said in praise of their achievements.赞扬他们成就的话很多。On festivals they used to act and sing in praise of heroes who lived long ago. 在节日里他们表演并歌颂很久以前的英雄。
Sentence patterns
I think at the beginning we'd rather have some fairly quiet and peaceful music. 我想, 开始时, 我们宁可听些柔和舒缓的音乐。
would rather宁愿, 表示选择的意思。在使用这种表达方式时，要注意以下几点:
would rather 后跟不带to的不定式, 常用缩写式 'd rather: I'd rather have something to eat. 我宁愿来点吃的。2) would rather的否定式是在would rather 后加not, 即 would rather not do sth.。例如: I would rather not go out tonight, if you don't mind. 如果你不介意的话，今晚我不想外出了。3) 在表示“宁愿......而不愿”时，要用would rather ...than ...这一结构，表示在两者之中进行选择。使用这一表达方式要注意“平行结构”，即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词，两个动词不定式，两个介词词组等。如：I would rather listen to music than go swimming. 我宁愿听音乐，而不愿去游泳。
Language tips
1. Maybe some folk songs to start with?
start with 有“以…开始；从…着手”的意思: A thousand li journey starts with the first step. 千里之行，始于足下。Our group had five members to start with. 我们小组开始时只有五个人。start with 还有“首先；第一；起初;最初”的意思。如：To start with, we have the correct leadership of the Party. 首先，我们有党的正确领导。
2. I write my own songs and I play the guitar as well. 我唱的歌自己谱曲，我也弹吉他。
as well也，又，同样地: If you have no pen, a pencil will do as well.如果你没有钢笔，铅笔也行。It is just as well to be careful. 还是小心一点好。
3. They usually write exact instructions how the music is to be played. 他们通常还要为如何演奏他们的音乐写出精确的说明。
how the music is to be played 是同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词instructions, 类似的句子有: You have no idea how worried I was. 你不知道我是多么着急。He raised the question how we could get the money. 他提出了这样一个问题：怎样才能弄到钱。is to be played是be+不定式结构, 常用来表达按计划、安排将要发生的事，或用来发出指令，或用来征求对方的意见。如：The line is to be opened to traffic on National Day. 这条铁路将在国庆节通车。This door is not to be opened. 此门不得打开。
4. Folk music has been passed down from one generation to another. 民间音乐是一代一代地流传下来的。
pass down\on 流传: I passed the message on to him as soon as I got it.我一得到这个消息马上就传给他了。Pass this on to the next person after signing it. 签名之后把这传给下一位。
5. This was at a time when there was no radio, TV or cinema. 这是广播、电视或电影出现以前的情形。
at a time 在这儿的意思是“在某个时候”, 如：He was very poor at a time. 他那时非常穷。复习: We had to see the nurse one at a time.
6. It plays an important part in people's lives especially for work, and at festivals and weddings, when people dance all night long. 它在人们的生活中起着重要的作用……
play a part in 意思是“在……中起作用”，如：Computers play an important part in modern society. 计算机在现代社会起着重要的作用。 He plays an important part in the company. 他在公司起着重要的作用。
7. West Indians make musical instruments out of large oil cans. 西印度群岛人用大油罐制成乐器。
make…out of 的意思是“用…制造出”: The workers made bottles out of glass. 工人用玻璃制瓶。These things are made out of paper. 这些东西是纸制的。
8. This type of music has become very famous in Britain and is very good music to dance to. 这种音乐在英国已经很有名气，是很好的舞蹈音乐。
dance to随着……跳舞: The young couple danced to the beautiful music. 那对年轻人随着优美的音乐翩翩起舞。 dance with与……跳舞: Can you see the girl dancing with your brother? 你看得见在和你哥哥跳舞的那个女孩子吗？
9. It came from work songs sung by black people and had its roots in Africa. 它是从黑人劳动时所唱的歌曲演变而来的，它起源于非洲。
have roots in起源于…: Black people have their roots in Africa. 黑人起源于非洲。In which area of America did the dance have its roots? 这个舞蹈起源于美洲的哪个地区？
Language record
In this unit I have learned to say in English:
Useful Expressions:
1．在婚礼上演奏音乐 2．对……熟悉
3．演奏不同的乐器 4．靠写词作曲谋生
5．一代一代地流传下来 6．和着音乐跳舞
7．建筑材料 8．歌颂很久以前的英雄
9．一颗疲惫的心 10．在广场上来回行进
Sentences:
1．明乐是我最喜欢的那种音乐。
2．下次早点来，否则你将会受到处罚。
3．下一步该怎么办呢？
4．力争把这些词语都记住。
5．那对新婚夫妇是我我母亲的亲戚。
6．早期的音乐演奏家是深受人们欢迎和爱戴的。
7．我宁愿先喝点汤。