【学习目标】
1.重点词汇、短语、句型结构
1）fall, suffer, suggest, head
2）prepare for; insist on; throw away; take an interest in ; take…by surprise; in charge of; as well as; set up; set sail
3）insist that sb. (should) do sth. ; be to do sth.
2．课文掌握程度
1）了解航海，探险等有关词汇。
2）训练阅读理解。
3．重点语法
The V-ing Form as Object, Subject and Predicative
4．交际要求
Talk about the preparation for the trip.
5．写作要求
Describe a place.
【重点难点解析】
1，in charge of
in charge of意为"管理、掌管、负责"（=in a position of responsibility for）。例如：
The lady in white whom Aqiao met in the valley was Lady Silkworm, the fairy in charge of the harvesting of silk.阿巧在山谷里遇到的白衣娘子就是掌管养蚕产丝的蚕花娘子。
Mr Li will be in charge of the whole company next month when the manager is away.
下个月经理外出时，由李先生来负责整个公司。
Doctor Wang will be in charge of the operation.
王医生将负责这次手术。
She is in charge of our class. 她担任我们班的班主任。
Mary was in charge of the baby.玛丽负责照料这个婴儿。
【注意】in charge表示主动的"主管、负责"。这个介词短语可作表语或定语，其主语为"人"；in charge of也表示主动的"主管、负责"的意思。主语是表示人的名词或代词，在句中常作定语和表语；in the charge of的主语常是表示某个单位、部门或某项工作等的名词。例如：
If we have any question, we may ask the leader in charge.
若有问题，我们可以问问那位领导，由他负责一切。
Professor Wang is in charge of this university. 王教授负责这所大学。
This university is in the charge of Professor Wang. 这所大学由王教授主管。
This ward of the hospital is in the charge of Dr. Smith.
医院的这个病房由史密斯医生负责。
2，The man often falls ill and suffers fever.
水手们经常得病发烧。
1）suffer遭受，蒙受。在本句中作及物动词，所接宾语指痛苦，疾病，寒冷，饥饿，损失等。如：
She was suffering from a headache. 她正经受头痛之苦。
Many people suffer from a great dread of heights. 许多人非常畏高。
2）fall 意为"进入某种状态"时，是连系动词，后接形容词、副词或名词。如：
Last week she fell ill from cold. 上星期她着凉生病了。
His voice choked at the painful memory and he fell silent.
这些痛苦的回忆使他声音哽咽，他沉默了下来。
The book was old and soon fell apart.
这书已有年头了，没隔多久书页都脱落了。
He fell asleep while studying his grammar book.
他在看语法书时睡着了。
As a language grows, new words are introduced and many words fall out of use.
随着语言的发展，新词出现了，同时也有许多字被废弃不用了。
【注意】fall 表示进入某种状态，不表示该状态的持续，故fall不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，例如我们不能说 He has fallen ill for three days.而应该说 he has been ill for three days.
3，defeat, beat打败，它们的宾语都必须是人或一个集体；team(school, class)等，beat多用于游戏，比赛，defeat尤指战争，有时两词也可互换。
Tom beat Jim and won the race.
We beat their team by 10 points.
I can easily beat him at golf.
Jack's school beat Tom's at baseball.
Our school defeated that school at football.
After a year of war it had however been badly defeated.
The Italian fleet was defeated by the Austrian.
4，It is a good, strong ship, though not very fast.
这是一艘速度不太快，但非常坚固的好船。
1）though虽然，尽管，从属连词，引导让步状语从句，从句中"it is"经常省略，如：
The article is very important though(it is) short. 那篇文章虽短，但很重要。
He went on with his work, though(he was)tired. 他尽管很累，还继续工作。
I went on talking, though(I was) continually interrupted by them.
尽管他们不断打断我的话，我继续发言。
Though(he is)still a young man, he is a leading biologist in that country.
虽然他还是个年青人，却是那个国家的首席生物学家。
2）类似的省略从句主语及谓语中的be动词还运用于when, where, if, as, as if等连词引出的时间、地点、条件、方式、比较等状语从句中。如：
Fill in the blanks with articles wherever(they are)necessary.在必要的地方填上冠词。
As(it was) scheduled, they met again on Jan. 20.按照事先安排的日程，他们于元月二十日再次见面。
When(you are)in need, you may ask me for help.你需要时可向我请求帮助。
The boy looked as if(he were)afraid of nothing.
那个男孩似乎什么都不怕。
5，search for到处找寻
in search of 找寻（引起状语）
I must search for that lost money until I find it.
He searched my face for my real intentions.他观察我的脸色以找出我的真正意图。
I've been searching every where for those scissors.
The police searched the city for the thief.
Police and dogs searched the woods for the missing boy.
They started off at once in search of the missing girl.
The boy went in search of something to eat.
6，map n. v.地图（可数），绘制（某地区）地图
map out 制定（计划），规定
put on the map使（某地）出名
This big new hotel certainly put our town on the map.
The expedition will map the South Pole.
He mapped out his holiday well ahead.
He has mapped out what he will do.
Tom is mapping out what we should do.
7， at sea
at sea在文中是"在海上，在航海"，含有"离海岸很远"之意。例如：
This is my first voyage at sea. 这是我第一次出海航行。
The ship was hit by a hurricane and some sailors were buried at sea.
这艘船在海上遇到飓风，一些水手葬身海底。
注：
1）at sea除作上述解释外，还可引申为"不知所措、茫然"，这时常与all，completely等副词连用。例如：
We are all at sea as to what to do next.
我们全然不知下一步该做什么。
He was completely at sea when he began his new job.
他刚开始干他的新工作时，他完全不知怎样做才好。
I can't understand this problem. I'm all at sea.
我不懂这个问题，我完全摸不着头脑。
When it comes to mathematics, I'm completely at sea.
至于说到数学，我简直一窍不通。
2）在英语中，有许多结构用与不用定冠词在意思方面有着很大的区别。
在英语中，有许多结构用与不用定冠词在意思方面有着很大的区别。
8，keep sb. healthy 使…保持健康
keep, n. "使维持（某种状态）"，后可接adj. (v-ing, p. p, adv)等作宾补。
eg. I was so tired that I could hardly keep myself awake.
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.
They kept us out.
Once a cold kept him in bed for three days.
9，break out （战争、火灾、疾病、瘟役等的）爆发
eg. The American Civil War broke out in 1861.
Fire broke out in the neighbour last night.
break的短语还有：
break out in (into) . . . 忽然（做出）……
break out in laughter 突然放声大笑
break in（强盗等）强行闯入
break into 闯入；打碎（打破）成……
break up 分开，分割
10，take . . . by surprise 对……突然袭击，出乎……意料。如：
I took him by surprise and he had no time to think of an excuse.
我（的询问）使他出乎意料，他没有时间想出借口。
She was so taken by surprise at his rudeness that she burst into tears.
她对他的粗鲁行为毫无思想准备，以至突然哭了起来。
The enemy took the town by surprise. 敌军对该城实行突然攻击。
【语法－V-ing】
1．动词-ing形式作主语，往往表示事物化、抽象化的概念，而动词不定式作主语强调具体动作。如：
Seeing is believing. （=To see is to believe.）眼见为实。
下列情况用动词-ing形式作主语，通常不用动词不定式作主语。
1）在It + be + no use/no good/useless +动词-ing形式句型中（此时也可用动词不定式作真正主语）。如：
It's no use crying over the spilt milk.牛奶已泼，哭也无益。
2）在There + be + no +动词-ing形式句型中。如：
There is no joking about such matter. 这种事情不能开玩笑。
3）在一般疑问句中用动词-ing形式而不用动词不定式作主语。如：
Can playing music records make cows give more milk?
放音乐磁带会使母牛多产乳吗？
2．动词-ing形式作表语，有的和主语表示同一概念，可以和主语互换；有的表示主语的事物的特征，不可和主语互换。如：
One of the good exercises is climbing mountains. 登山是一种很好的锻炼。
（句中主语和表语表示同一概念，可以改成：Climbing mountains is one of the good exercises.）
The colour is pleasing to the eyes.颜色悦目。（表语表示主语的事物的特征，相当于形容词，不可和主语互换）
3．动词-ing形式作宾语。某些及物动词后一般不能接动词不定式作宾语，只能接动词-ing形式作宾语。它们是：
avoid（避免），advise（劝告），admit（承认），consider（考虑），dislike（讨厌），escape（逃避），enjoy（喜爱），finish（结束），mind（反对，介意），miss（错过），risk（冒险），suggest（建议），practise（练习），excuse（原谅），imagine（想像），keep（继续不断），以及短语can't help（不禁，忍不住），put off（推迟），keep on（继续，坚持），give up（放弃，不再做），be worth（值得）等。如：
Would you mind passing me the salt?请你把盐递给我好吗？
He admitted stealing the necklace the day before and said he was sorry.
他承认前天偷了项链，说他很抱歉。
On hearing the joke we couldn't help laughing.
一听到这笑话我们不禁笑了起来。
注：
★某些动词如begin, start, continue等后既可用动词不定式作宾语，也可用动词-ing形式作宾语，意思区别不大。如：
They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.
他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生。
★某些动词如like, love, prefer, hate等后接动词-ing形式作宾语指经常性的情况，用动词不定式作宾语指具体的动作。如：
Though his income is small, he loves buying/to buy books.
虽然他收入不高，却爱买书。
I'd like to have something to eat. 我想吃点东西。（would/should like后只能接动词不定式作宾语，不能接动词-ing形式，因为想做的是一次性的具体动作。）
He preferred staying in the house when it rained.天下雨时他宁愿待在屋里。（用动词-ing形式作宾语，指每逢天下雨留在家里的经常情况）
I prefer to stay at home this afternoon. 今天下午我宁可留在家里（用动词不定式作宾语，指今天下午留在家里一时的，具体的动作。）
★某些动词，如 remember, forget, try, stop, regret, go on等后接动词-ing形式或动词不定式作宾语，意义不同。如：
I remember locking the door.（=I remember that I locked the door. remember +doing sth. 意为记得自己曾做过某事）我记得曾锁过门。
I will remember to lock the door.（=I will not forget to lock the door. remember to do sth. 意为记住要做某事，此事还没有做）我会记住锁门的。
Stop talking, please. I've something important to tell you. 请不要讲话。我有要事相告。（stop doing指停止做某事，不再做某事）
When he felt tired, he stopped to take a rest. 他感到疲劳时就停下来休息。（stop to do sth.意为停下来或中断原来动作以便做另外某事）
I tried rubbing my sore arm, and I felt better. 我试了试按摩酸痛的胳臂，觉得好一些。（try doing sth. 意为试做某事，看会发生什么情况）
I will try to do the work well. 我一定努力把工作搞好。（try to do sth.意为作出一番努力，试图做某种困难的事）
I think you will regret leaving London.我想你会后悔离开伦敦（regret doing sth.意为后悔做某事）
I regret to tell you that your grandfather is badly ill. 我很遗憾地告诉你，你祖父病重。（regret to say/tell意为因即将说（告诉）某事而遗憾）
Dick went on asking about various friends.狄克继续询问各种朋友的情况。
（go on doing sth.意为继续做原来做的事情）
After criticizing our plan he went on to put forward his own proposal.他批评我们计划后接下去提出自己的建议。（go on to do sth. 意为接下去做另外一件事）
★want, need后接动词-ing形式作宾语，含被动意义，相当于动词不定式的被动形式。如：
Your hair needs cutting/to be cut.你的头发需要理。
The house wanted doing up/to be done up unless you decided to move into the country.如果你不想搬往乡下，你的房屋就得修理。
【练习检测】
Ⅰ用动词的正确形式填空。
1. Don't let me catch you (do )that again!
2. (hear) the bad news ,she burst into tears .
3. (hear) the bad news ,she was still calm as usual .
4. When he woke ,he found himself (look after) by a nurse .
5. I'll have you all (speak) English well within a year.
6. (live ) in the city for years ,he knew every street there.
7. (live) in the city, he tried to know every street there.
8. (walk) along the river ,they hear someone (shout )for help.
9. (recognize) the old friend of his in his childhood, he went over to say hello to him .
10. (recognize) him ,he pretended not to have seen him.
11.I saw the boy (climb) up the tree and (sit ) in the tree, (sing ) happily.
12.Can you smell something (burn)? Go to the kitchen and have a look.
13.My hometown is found completely (change).
14.I am sorry. I kept him (wait ) for many hours.
15. (admit) what you said was true. I still thought you were wrong .
Ⅱ阅读理解.
(A)
Have you ever seen people dance? Some dances are fast and others are slow .People's feet always move when they dance .They keep on moving until the music stops.
People have enjoyed dancing for a very long time .This story is of a different kind of dance .It is the dance of bees .
If you have ever watched bees ,you know that they are very clever. They also work hard looking for food and bringing it back to their home .
The home of the bees is called a bee hive. Here hundreds even thousands of bees live. They work day and night building small walls of wax .There they make their honey . This is the same honey that we eat.
Where does the honey come from ?Bees live on food from flowers .Have you seen bees flying around a flower garden? When a bee rests on a flower ,it tries go to the centre of it .There it takes in as much food as its body can hold .Then it files to take the food back to the hive.
At the hive, bees changes this flower food into honey .Then they fly away for more food .
How do the bees know where to find the best food in the sweetest flowers? One bee acts as a guide. When it discovers good flowers ,it flies back to the hive and tells the others .It does this by dancing for them .
The bee dances on one side .This tells the other bees which way to go to find the flowers .But that is not all .The bee dances for some time .And the length of its dance tells the other bees how far they must fly to reach the flowers.
When the bees see the dance ,they know where the flowers are .They fly away and return with more food for the hive.
Sometimes we hear the music of the bees as they fly around .But few people have ever seen them dance. Yet without that dance we might never have sweet honey to eat.
1. The write believes that
A. People dance better than bees
B. people learned dance from bees
C. bees dance more often than people
D. bees don't like music
2.From this passage we know that the dance of bees means
A. they are good at dance
B. they want to show their beauty
C. they communicate with each other
D. they have nothing to do
3.Which of the following is true?
A . People get honey from flowers directly.
B. People draw honey from bees' bodies
C. People produce honey in a secret place .
D. People get honey from bees in directly.
4.What character do bees have?
A. Dance-loving B. Hardworking
C. Music -loving D. Active
5.If a bee wants to get some information about the distance of food ,he may watch closely at of the other bees' dance.
A. the side B. the length C. the place D. the time
(B)
Breakfast is not only the most important meal of the day , it is also the most neglected(忽视）.Common reasons for not eating breakfast include lack of time ,not feeling hungry ,traditional dislike for breakfast ,and dieting .
Breakfast simply means "break the fast ". Your body spends at least 6 to 12 hours each night in a fasting state. In the morning your body needs energy for the day's work ahead .
A good breakfast should provide up to 1/3 of your total calorie needs for the days .On average ,we eat 400 less calories for breakfast than for dinner . If breakfast doesn't appeal to you in the morning , try eating a lighter dinner earlier in the evening or save half your dinner for breakfast in the morning .
If you still aren't hungry in the morning ,start with something small like juice or toast or have a nutritious midmorning snack (小吃）later when you are hungry.
So , you say you're on a diet .Some people fear eating breakfast will make them hungrier during the day and they will eat more .It is true that eating breakfast is likely to make you feel hungry throughout the day. That's because your body is working correctly .Although you may feel as if you are eating more all day long ,in reality you are probably not .
Not eating breakfast can also cause you to overeat, since a fall in blood sugar often makes you feel very hungry later .To make matters worse ,since your body is in a slowed state it will not be able to burn those extra calories very efficiently . If you feed your body healthy snacks and meals throughout the day, you are less likely to become hungry and stuff yourself as soon as you begin to eat.
Since breakfast is the first and most important meal of the day , choosing the right fuel is important .The best breakfast foods fruits ,juice ,lean (清瘦的）meat , and grain products such as bread , noodles ,and cereal(谷类）.
1. What's the meaning of the word "fast "in the phrase "break the fast?"
A. movement B. going without food
C. quickness D. certain kind of food
2.If you don't want to have breakfast in the morning ,according to the writer's suggestion, you should .
A. see a doctor to have an examination
B. have a little supper
C. go to a restaurant to enjoy a good meal
D. have a good supper
3.Eating breakfast ,in fact ,makes your body
A. work out of order
B. produce too much energy
C. work well
D. feel hungry quicker
4.Not eating breakfast will
A. save a lot of money
B. do harm to your health
C. do good to your health
D. help you keep in shape
5.In the last paragraph the writer mainly
A. persuades us to have a good breakfast
B. tells us what food is not suitable for breakfast
C. describes when and how we should have our breakfast
D. tells us what food we should have for breakfast
(C)
Education is not an end , but a means to an end. In other words ,we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them .Our purpose is to fit them for life.
In some modern countries it has for some time been fashionable(时兴的）to think that by free education for
all--whether rich or poor , clever or stupid --one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough; we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees ,they refuse to do what they think "low "work and , in fact ,work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries .But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated , farmer is far more important than that of a professor, we can live without education, but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets
and took the rubbish away from our houses , we should get terrible diseases in our towns...
In fact , when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life , it means that we must be educated in such a way that , firstly each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability and ,
secondly that we can realize that all jobs are necessary to society , and that is very bad to be ashamed of one's work . Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.
1. The writer of this passage thinks that
A. education can settle all of the world's problems
B. free education for all probably leads to a perfect world
C. free education won't help to solve social problems
D. all the social problems can't be solved by education
2. The writer wants to prove that
A. our society needs all kinds of jobs
B. our society needs free education for all
C. a farmer is more important than a professor
D. people with university degrees refuse to do what they think "low" work
3. According to the passage , .
A. work with hands is dirty and shameful
B. work with hand is low work
C. work with hands is the most important
D. we can't regard work with hands as low work
4. The purpose of education is
A. to choose a system of education }
B. to prepare children mainly for their future work
C. to let everyone receive education fit for him
D. to build a perfect world
5. The passage tells us about of education
A. the means B. the system
C. the value D. the type
(D)
Recently ,a professor of philosophy in the United States has written a book called "Money and the Meaning of Life .He has discovered that how we deal with money in our day-to-day life has more meaning than we usually think .One of the exercises he asked his students to do is to keep a record of every penny they spend for a week .From the way they spend their money , they can see what they really value in life.
He says our relation with others often become clearly defined when money enters the picture .You might have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you are very good friends .But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some money .If he does ,it brings something to the relationship if he doesn't .
This person may say that he has a certain feeling , but if it is not carried out in the money world ,there is something less real about it .
Since money is so important to us ,we consider those who possess a lot of it to be very important .The author interviewed some millionaires in researching his book.
Question: What is the most surprising thing you have discovered about being rich , because you are a self-made man ?
Answer :The most surprising thing is how people give me so much respect . I'm nothing .I don't know much
.All I am is rich .
People just have an idea of making more and more money ,but what is it for? How much do I need for any given purposes in my life? In his book ,the professor uncovered an important need in modern society :to bring back the idea that money is an instrument rather than the end. Money plays an important role in the material world ,but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.
1.According to the first paragraph, people have not realized
A. how important money is in their day-to -day life
B. how one spends money shows what is important to him
C. that money is more important than their philosophy of life
D. that their understanding of life is more important than money
2.The author seems to believe that asking your friend to lend you some money
A. is a good way to test your friendship
B. will do harm to your friendship
C. will strengthen (增进)
D. is a good way to break off your friendship
3. What can we learn about the millionaire from his answer in the inter view?
A. He does not feel that he is well educated
B. He doesn't think that he is a very important person
C. He does not think that being rich deserves so much attention .
D. He does not consider himself to be very successful.
4.What does the American professor of philosophy want to explain in his book?
A. Money is an end . B. Money is a means
C. Money is everything D. Money is unimportant
5. Which of the following might the author disagree?
A. Money is important in modern society .
B. The meaning of life does not completely lie in money.
C. Wealth will surely bring the owner happiness.
D. Happiness is not necessarily the result of wealth.
Ⅲ 书面表达.
根据下列提示以Antarctica(南极洲)为题写一篇简介。
位置：地球最南端(extreme south) 大部分在南极圈(Antarctic Circle)内. 面积:大约14万平方公里,几乎相当于欧洲和澳大利亚面积的总和.
气候：世界上最寒冷,常年被冰雪覆盖,冬季长达七个月(四月到十月),在这段期间南极周围的海都冰冻.
自然资源：动物:企鹅(penguins), 鲸,矿产:铁、煤。
人口：无常住人口（permanent inhabitants）,只有科学工作者，中国科学工作者1984年开始在南极工作。 ,
【参考答案】
Ⅰ
1.doing 2. Hearing 3.Having heard 4.being looked after 5. speaking 6.Having lived 7. Living 8. walking shout /shouting 9. Recognizing 10. Having recognized 11. climb ,sitting , singing 12. burning 13. changed 14. waiting 15. Admitting
Ⅱ
(A) C C D B B
(B) B B C B D
(C) D A D B C
(D) B A C B C
ⅢWriting :
Antarctica lies in the extreme south of the earth . It largely is within the America Circle .It has an area of about 140,000 square kilometers . It is equal almost to Europe and Australia put together . Antarctica is the coldest continent .It is covered with cold thick ice and snow all year round . Its winter months are from April to October. During these months al round the Antarctica the sea freezes ,which makes it impossible for ships to reach the coast. Although it is the coldest in the world , it is a very rich continent .There are many well-known animals such as penguins and whales . It is also rich in mineral resources including iron and coal .Up to now there are no permanent inhabitants except some visiting scientists, including some Chinese scientists ,who began their work from 1984 on .They have set up many research stations
A lot of research work has been carried out in recent years, but much still has to be learned about the land lying under the ice.