1. So is he. / So he is.
a. so＋be 动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语
此句型只限于肯定句中， 表示"某人或某物情况也是如此"
He has lost the address. So have I.
Mary likes playing the piano. So has Jane.
If he goes there, so will I. ( pay attention to the tense)
若前面句子结构中既出现了be动词又出现了行为动词或者其它不同的形式通常用 So it is with 或 It's the same with
--- Mary likes playing the piano, but she can't play it well.
--- So it is with her brother. / It's the same with her brother.
b. 否定句要用 Neither/ Nor ＋ be动词．助动词．情态动词＋主语，
表示" 某人或物情况也不这样"
I have never been to Beijing. Neither has my brother.
c. So ＋主语＋be动词．助动词．情态动词
此句型表示赞同 "某人或某物确实如此".
--- You seem to like tea.
--- So I do. (是的，我确实喜欢)
1. I like sports and _______________my brother.
2. ---John won the first prize in the contest.
---________________.
3. --- It was careless of you to have left your key.
---_______________. My God!
4. He is not a worker and _________________I.
5. --- Li Li is clever, but she doesn’t work hard.
---__________________her brother.
2. go on doing / go on to do/goon with
注意区别以下短语所表达的不同含义
stop to do/doing; remember to do/doing;
forget to do/doing mean to do/doing;
regret to do/doing; try to do/doing
need to do/doing; can't help to do/doing
After reading a while, he _______________(listen)to the radio..
The doctor found a girl, who______________________
(shout and cry),obviously mad.
After a while, he _______________________ the work.
______________ the other exercise after you have finished this one.
3. too much与much too
①. Don't drink___________.
②. I don't like winter because there's
___________snow and ice.
③. The trip is ________ for such an old man.
④. It's ___________cold today.
⑤. He walked ________fast. I couldn't catch
up with him.
4. by the way; by way of (经由...,取道); on the/one's way (to);
in the/one's way (挡道); in this/that way
①._________, have you heard from Joan recently?
②. He went to Japan ________ Shanghai.
③. Don't stand in the kitchen door. You are ___________.
④. He is___________ to success.
⑤. I'll buy some vegetables___________ home
5. as a result / as a result of / with the result
a. He made one big mistake, and ________ lost his job.
b. _____________ the flood, thousands of people lost their homes.
c. The farm was flooded, ___________ that most of the harvest was lost.
6. have ＋宾语＋宾语补足语
( do sth./doing sth./done)
①. We'd be delighted to have you ___________
( work) with us.
②. I'll have the car (wait) at the
entrance, will that be all right?
③. I've had my car ( repair).
④. He had his wallet ( steal ) on his
way home.
⑤. I won't have you ( talk ) to your
parents that way.
*⑥. I have a composition ( write ), so
I can't go swimming.
我让约翰给我理了发。I had John cut my hair.
他让火日夜烧着。He had the fire burning day and night.
我有很多作业要做。I have a lot of homework to do
我的自行车得让人修理了。I have to have my bike repaired。
9. holiday、vacation、 leave、 off
holiday 时间可长可短，与季节连用时多为复数，与数词连用时只表示次数，不表示日期。
Vacation 指比较长的假期，多指寒暑假。
Leave 多指休假。如：ask for a leave
Off (adv.) 多用在名词后作定语。
① Christmas is a __________for everybody.
② The children will take their summer ________in half a month.
③ My father is on _________.
④ The manager gave the workers a day ______.
⑤ I have to ask you for half a day’s ________.
10. allow sb. to do sth.
allow sb. to do sth. permit sb. to do sth. forbid sb. to do sth.
allow doing permit doing forbid doing
1. The teacher____________________(允许我离开).
2. We don’t______________________(不许吸烟) here.
3. You _____________________(准你) enter the room.
4. You ______________(禁止你) go out.
5. The school forbids______________________(在草坪上踢球).
6. The nurse ____________(允许) him to remain there, though it was ______________________(不允许 ).
11. first of all: 首先; above all: 最重
要的; at first : 起初, 开始
① ___________, he didn't know how to operate the machine at all.
② We must work hard; _________ we must believe in ourselves.
③ I have a lot to say, but ______________, I want to thank you for your warm welcome.
16. on holiday / on vacation；
go for a/one's holiday
17. make sure / be sure of / be sure to do
I think the party begins at six, but I’ll phone to make sure.
Please make sure when he will come.
①. ____________ come next time.
②. He ______________ living to ninety.
③. Are you ___________ his coming?
④. ____________ that you look after the dog while I’m away.
18. at \ in \ by the end
①. We had learned ten lessons ___________ last month.
②. His speech proved a success __________.
③. ____________ your experiment you will
see that the water will become red.
19. prefer sth./doing sth. to sth. / doing sth.
prefer to do sth than do sth. would rather do sth. than do sth.
20. instead of、instead、与 without
a. instead: adv 顶替，代替。单独使用在句中作状语
I didn't go to the cinema last night. Instead, I stayed at home studying
b. instead of 介词短语 "代替", "而不是" 与 in place of一样,可加名词,代词。instead of 后还可加介词短语和v-ing form 但 in place of 不可
I stayed at home studying English instead of going to the cinema last night.
I went to the zoo on foot instead of by bus.
c. without 和 instead of 一样都是介词，都可以加名词、代词或动名词。但 without 后的动作可以与前一动作同时发生，instead of 则不可。
e.g. He left the room without saying a word.
① I don’t like this one; give me that __________.
② He stayed at home studying English ___________ going to the cinema.
③ Tom passed by me _________ saying hello to me.
④ He went to school by bike _______ by car.
⑤ If Harry is not well enough to go with you, take me __________.
1. Before you start work, I’ll __________________(you)
the office so that you can meet everyone.
2. Don’t look at him! He’s just_________________.
3. The boy made much noise so I had to _________________(him).
4. Some of the pictures are __________ in London.
5. I’ll __________ the book to you later.
1.Please give my regard to him.
2.On my way home, I found out a wallet on the ground.
3. We say “good-bye” in the end of the class.
4. In our opinions, these boos are well written.
5. Whenever I have free time, I go a long walk.
6. They agreed him to water the flowers.
7. Once you’ll understand Japanese, it will not be difficult to live in Japan.
8. We hope you a pleasant trip back home.
9. In the day followed, he received a letter.
10. He put a finger in his mouth, tasted it and smiled, looked rather pleased.
2. 关于“exam”
take/have one's/an exam 进行考试 hold an exam 举行考试
pass an exam 通过考试 fail (in) the exam 考试失败,没通过考试
take part in an exam 参加考试 give (students ) an exam 考学生
3. more or less
a. 大约 It's an hour's journey, more or less
b.或多或少 Written English is more or less the same in both Britain and America.
4. 与 difficulty 相关的结构
① have some ( much, little, no...) difficulty/ trouble ( in ) doing sth.
② There is/was some ( much, little, no...) difficulty /trouble ( in ) doing sth.
③ It is/ was difficult for sb. to do sth. ④ have difficulty with sth.
He said he had some difficulty/difficulties with his English pronunciation.
5. different的相关句型
be different from 与...不同 be different in 在...方面不同
tell the difference between A and B
① The weather of North China is different ______ that of South China.
② Can you tell us the difference ________ Asian elephants and African elephants?
③ They are quite different ____ character.
7. come 短语
come about : happen How did this accident come about?
come across: a. meet by chance 偶然遇见某人或某物
b. occur to 出现于...中 The thought came across my mind that …
come after : 跟随,追踪 The farmer came after the dog with a stick.
come at : 攻击, 袭击 If any beast comes at you, I'll stay with you.
come back: 回来come out:
a. appear; become visible The sun / stars come(s) out.
b. become known (消息)传出, (真相) 大白 When the news came out...
c. be published 出版 When will his new book come out?
come up :
a. ( of seeds, plants, etc) show above the ground. Spring has come; everything comes up.
b. be put forward The question hasn't come up yet.
c. come up to sb. 走近某人 come to oneself :苏醒过来
come true:实现come on:过来；加油come into being:出现；诞生
① --- When did the company_____________? --- In 1993.
②_____________; I’ll tell you about it.
③ When I looked through the paper, I ________________his name in it.
④ He ________________ smiling to me.
⑤ We have sowed seeds in the fields, but nothing has _____________yet.
⑥ When will your book_____________?
8. 数量词的表达方式
a. a good / great many students; a good / great many of the students
many students ; many a student a great / large number of
millions of / hundreds of / thousands of dozens of / scores of
b. much; a great deal of; a large amount of
c. lots of / a lot of ; plenty of large quantities of / a large quantity of
9. bring in
bring up: a. ( educate ) b. ( raise ) c. ( throw up)
bring about: 带来 ( cause to happen ) bring on: 使...前进; 带来
The hot weather is bringing the wheat on nicely. bring out: take out
① We have ___________ experts to advise on the project.
② This business ___________ 300 million dollars a year.
③ The war_________________ great changes in living.
④ They have ______________ their sons to stand on their own feet.
⑤ They decided to ________________ the matter at the next meeting.
11. in a few days’ time ; in a few days
His birthday is in a week's time/ in a week. His birthday is a week away.
in 与 after 的区别:
① He will be back ________ two days. ② He came back ________ two days.
③ He will be back _______ two o'clock. ④ He came back ________ two o'clock.
12. during / in / within
① In 和 during 都可以表示一段时间，在可以用 in 的地方，一般也可以用 during。但 during 更强调时间的延续性，在表示事态要延续一段时间的名词前，一般要用 during。如：during the meal。
② In 和 within 在表示时间的长度时，都有“不少于” “不超过”的意思，只是 within 显得更正式一些。
1. My uncle lives _______ ten minutes’ walk. The president will arrive ______ ten minutes.
2. We’ll be on holiday ___________ July. He was killed ___________ the war.
3. We made a lot of friends _________ our stay in Beijing.
14. Take 短语
take off 起跳; 起飞;除去,脱掉take away 拿去,移动take back
a. 撤销;收回(所说的话,以承认错误或道歉) I took back what I had said.
b. 同意拿回;取回 take down : a. write down写下,记b. 取下 c. 拆除,拆毁
take out: bring outtake on a. 开始从事 He took on a part-time teaching job in a
middle school. b. 雇用、招收 The factory is taking on more men.
c. 具有（呈现）新的面貌 The land around the lake took on a
different looktake over 接替、接管、继承
take up a. 提起、拿起 This old tree will have to be taken up by its roots.
b. 占去（时间、空间） That big clock will have to go; it takes up
too much room in the small hall. It can take up a whole afternoon to prepare a meal.
c. 开始从事（某项工作） I hope to take up my new duties as your
chairman at the next meeting.
d. 开始热衷于（某项活动） When did Jane first take up music?
e. 接受、采纳 I’d like to take up your offer of a ride into town.
take sb. / sth. by surprise 突然袭击、强攻take care 注意、当心
take care of 照顾、负责take charge of 负责take sth. for granted 视为当然
take it easy 放开些、别紧张take place 发生、举行take the place of 代替
take turns 轮流
19. 并列词 when 的用法
① be about to do … when... 正准备... 这时(突然)
② be doing … when... 正在做...这 时(突然)
③ be on the point of doing… when…④ had just done … when … 刚刚做
完…就…
I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.
I was about to go shopping when some friends dropped in on me.
I was going out when it began to rain.
I was walking in the street when I heard my name called.
14. bank / shore / coast / seaside / beach
bank 指河流或小溪边沿的陆地；shore指海边或湖边靠水的一窄条陆地；coast 指陆地与海面的交接地带；seaside指近海地区；beach指海滩。
1. We’re spending August at the __________.
2. My house is on the southern _________ of the river.
3. There are a lot of islands off the ________.4. The _______ was crowded with sunbathers.
5. The sailors were warned not to get into trouble while they were on _________.
23. say … to sb. say " Hi" /"Hello" to sb. (give one's regards to sb)
(remember sb. to sb.) say " Good-bye" to sb. say sorry to sb.
say yes to sb. say no to sb. 25.be made from / of / in; be made up of;
be made into; make...out of ; make up for
j The table ________________ wood. k Paper is made _____ wood; that is to
say, wood can be made _____ paper.
l A TV set ____________ hundreds of different parts.
m The machine _______________ this factory works well.
n We should do our best to _________ our lost time.
另外注意以下短语:
make ( good/full) use of; make the best / most of; ( = take advantage of )
make up one's mind
26. through / across
1. 从……通过、穿过 The sunlight was coming through the window.
2. 一直到 I go to work morning through night.
3. 经历、经受 He has been through a long illness.
4. 从一边到一边 We plan to travel through Europe this summer.
5. （进行到底） I’m counting on you to help me through.
1. Look around when you walk _______ the street. She drove straight ________ the town.
2. There is no bridge ________ the river. Water flows ____________ this pipe.
3. The river is 10 metres ___________1. 我们的工作条件多少有些改善。
2. 我们学校下学期将从外省引进一些新教师。3. 你找到那所房子有没有困难?
4. 通常对于一个孩子来说判断正误有些困难。5. 有时候很难说清争吵是怎样发生的。
6. 对不起,我不明白你的意思,请再说一遍好吗? 7. 当你在伦敦见到约翰时,请代我向他问好. 8. 因为恶劣天气的缘故,飞机没能按时起飞. 9. 我的一个朋友要出发去上海,明天我将去
车站送他。10. 我正准备离开,这时他来敲门了。11. 当他打开盒子时,除了一张纸外他什么也 没看见. 12. 台湾与大陆 ( the main land) 被台湾海峡 ( the Taiwan Straits) 隔开。
1. so that / so as ( not ) to do
a. ①由 so that / in order that 引导的目的状语从句常与can / could, may / might等连用
Speak clearly so that / in order that they may understand you.
He took a taxi in order / so as not to be late.
② 当不定式作目的状语置于句首时，只能使用 in order to… 或 to…,如：
In order to / To save time, he goes to work by taxi instead of by bike.
③当不定式作目的状语时要注意其逻辑主语。
如不能说：In order to / To succeed, every means should be tried.
而应该说：In order to / To succeed, you should try every means.
④ So that / In order that 引导的目的状语从句不能用于句首。
* so that还可引导结果状语从句
1 It was very cold, so as to the river froze.
2. There were such many people in the room that I could not get in.
3 He wrote so carefully that make every word clear
2. prevent … from doing sth.
stop sb./sth. doing sth. keep sb./sth. from doing sth.
prevent sb./sth. (from) doing sth.
Nothing can stop us taking the socialist road.
Ways must be found to keep poisonous gases from polluting air.
Ways must be found to prevent the river from being polluted.
4. make + 复合宾语
① make 作使役动词，常用于下列情况：
do
make sb./ sth. done
adj. / n.
What has made you think I’m a farmer?
What he did at school made Father angry.
We made him monitor of our class.
② make sb. do… 结构变成被动语态时，须用带 to 的动词不定式。
He was made to work day and night by the boss.
be made from / of / in; be made up of; be made into;
make...out of ; make up for
j The table ________________ wood.
k Paper is made _____ wood; that is to say, wood can be made _____ paper.
l A TV set ____________ hundreds of different parts.
m The machine _______________ this factory works well.
n We should do our best to _________ our lost time.
另外注意以下短语:
make ( good/full) use of; make the best / most of;
( = take advantage of ) make up one's mind
7. rest n. 其余部分 rest 常与定冠词 the 连用
the rest 作主语时,谓语动词由 the rest 所代表的名词或 of 后面的名词的数来决定。
Some people left the room. The rest were still talking.
The rest of the money was sent to him.
1 He’s got only one shirt, because all the rest___________(be) being washed.
2 The rest butter ______________(keep) for breakfast
9. knock (sb./sth.) down: 撞倒; 拆除
1、拆除、拆卸 They are going to knock down those old buildings soon.
2、打倒、撞倒 He knocked him down with one blow of his fist.
3、把(价格)压低、使减价 He knocked down the price by 10 percent. knock out
1、使失去知觉、使昏迷 A blow on the head knocked him out.
2、使惊得目瞪口呆、震惊、使说不出话
For a moment I was completely knocked out by the news of my friend’s death.
knock into sb./sth. 与某人或某物相撞
He almost knocked me down before he saw me.
If you knock into someone, say sorry to him/her.
10. wear / put on / have on / dress
① put on “穿上、戴上”；是终止性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
② wear “穿着、戴着、蓄（头发、胡子）”
③ have on 也表状态，常可跟 wear 通用，但 have on 一般不用进行时，而且没有 wear 用处广，如表示“蓄胡子”等只能用 wear。
④ dress vi. 指穿的动作或状态，表示“穿衣”；vt. 表示给……人穿衣。
① Why don’t you __________ your coat? It’s cold outside.
② Many girls __________________ skirts in summer time.
③ He was an old man who __________ thick glasses.
④ My daughter is old enough to __________ herself.
⑤ She is always ___________ in green.
⑥ She is a nice girl. She always _______ well.
11. agree:
a: agree to do sth. / that-clause
They agreed to come on Monday.
They agreed that they would come on Monday.
b: agree with 同意,赞成, 后接sb. 或 what sb. says
He agreed with me (= He agreed with what I said.)
与...一致, (气候,食物等)适合
The verb must agree with the subject in person and number.
Mutton doesn't agree with you.
c: agree to the suggestion( proposal, plan, method, agreement...)
d: agree on 对...取得一致意见。主语常常是协商一件事的人或单位，后常接表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动等名词.
Finally they agreed on the plan of work.
At last they agreed on the date for another meeting.
agree--- agreement disagree--- disagreement
1. I ____________ what he said.
2. All those who ___________ the plan, raise your hands.
3. We ___________ leaving there the next day.
4. Finally he ______________ get someone to help me.
5. The food doesn’t _____________ him.
12. supply vt
① 供应,供给(所需要或所要求的事物)
supply sth. to sb. / supply sb. with sth.
The water-works(自然水厂)supplies the town with excellent water.
② 满足(需要) The government will supply (=meet) the need for more houses.
n. 供给,贮藏量 The answer lies in two facts. The first is that it has stored supplies of fat in its body during the summer and autumn.
We shall be receiving a good supply of shoes next week.(一大批)
* provide:供给(尤指生活必需品) provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth.
* offer: a: 提供 offer sb. sth / offer sth. to sb. b: 出价
We offered him the house for $2,000.我们索价二千美元卖给他那幢房子
We offered him $2,000 for the house.我们出价二千美元买他那幢房子
15．部分否定与全部否定
a: not 与 all, both, every 等连用,不管其位置如何都表示部分否定
Not all of them are interested in the book. (= All of them are not interested in the book.)
This kind of flower cannot be seen everywhere.
(= In some places we can see the flower, but in some other places we cannot see it.)
b: none, neither, no one等形式表示全部否定 None of them are for the plan.
1 All of them are not students. 2 No seats are left in the hall.
3 Both of them won’t go4 Neither of them will go. 5 He is not always late.
6 He never tells lies no one / none
① no one 用来指人，不能接 of 短语，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
② none 不仅指人也可指物，其后常接 of 短语，构成 “none of + 名词/代词”结构，当名词或代词为复数时，谓语动词用单复数均可。
③ 回答 how many / how much 引起的问句用 none；回答 who 引起的问句用 no one.
◆ ________ likes a person with bad manners.◆ ________ of his friends came to help him.
◆ Almost _________ believes him.◆ ________ of them has / have seen him.
◆ --- How much coal is left? --- _________.◆ --- Who entered the room? --- _________.
◆ --- How many students are there in the classroom? --- _________.
17. put up / set up / build / found
put up 帖(广告); 举(手); 架起,建造(有形之物)
set up 建造、创立(建筑、机构、设施等)
found 成立、创办(党团组织、国家政权)
build 建造、建设(各种具体或抽象的东西，也可引申为培养、发展、增强等含义).
① Last year a cinema was ________________ near our school.
② The rich man __________ a hospital and a school in the town where he was born.
③ The nursery was ________________ in our school.
④ The newspaper reporter _______________ his camera under a tree.
⑤ They must __________ good relations with the masses.
10. Let’s __________ a shed here for the time being.
11. The murderer was ________________ at last.
12. Can you ________ the sentence ________ English?
13. A big fire broke out last night and soon it was _____________.
14. How are you going to __________ the plan ____________.
15. Then he _______________ a call to Green.
16. We must find a p[lace where we can __________________.
put an end to 平息 / 停止 / 结束/ 消灭put away / aside收起来/ 储存
put back放回原处/ 后移 / 拨回put down写下来/ 镇压
put in / 安装 put into / 译成put into practice 执行， 实行
put off / put on / out put through 接通电话 put up举起， 安装，张贴
put up for the night住宿put up with忍受put to death处死
1. ________the reference books _______ on the shelf.
2. The police ____________ _________the strike.
3. He __________ the clock five minutes.
4. His mother asked him to ________ his toys ________.
5. Try your best to ____________ what the teacher says.
6. The sports meet was ____________ because of the rain.
7. A new magazine was ____________ last year.
8. It’s cold outside, ______________ your coat.
9. I can’t _______________ your laziness
19. begin(...) with; end (up) with Begin each sentence with the words given.
Knowledge begins with practice. We started/ began with soup, and had fruit to end ( up ) with.
20 grow up 生长,长大;发展,兴起
What are you going to be when you grow up?
The city has grown up since I was young. grow out of:来自,来源于
Sports grow out of everyday activities.
21 spend, cost , take
( sb. ) spend money/time on sth./in doing sth. ( sth.) cost ( sb. ) some money
It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth. It took him three years to write the book.
He took three years to write the book. The book took him three years to write.
He spent three years writing the book.
1. Every year he ________ a lot of money on books (in buying books).
2. This dictionary _______ me 100 yuan.
3. Making experiment like that ______ much time and labour.
4. Careless driving may ______ you your life.
5. They have decided to ______ 70,000 yuan for the newly-built house.
6. We’ll _______ you in a few days, when I have money.
1 She goes home two times every month.
2 Please keep the door to open. The air here is not fresh.
3. A burned child is afraid of fire.
4 The bridge was not strong enough and the flood washed away it.
5 Ten of the children are playing basketball; the rest is watching.
6. He lives in a far away place 7 He has got a plenty of men friends.
8 What do you mean on saying that? 9 Let’s begin our class from the new words.
10 We must supply everybody enough food.