动词be的缩略形式

发布时间:2016-2-21编辑:互联网

作者:张玉成

大家都知道be的原形是am, is, are。它们的缩略形式分别是:am-'m, is-'s, are-'re。可是你知道它们都在哪几种情况下露脸吗?

1. 与作主语的名词(代词)构成缩写。例如:

I am twelve. = I'm twelve. 我十二岁了。

You are Number 5. = You're Number 5. 你是五号。

The bookcase is too small. = The bookcase's too small. 这个书橱太小。

2. 与what, where, who构成缩略式,用于特殊疑问句中。例如:

What is her name? = What's her name? 她叫什么名字?

3. 与 not构成缩略式,用于否定句中,即:is not-isn't, are not-aren't。但am与not没有缩写形式,即不能写成amn't。例如:

This is not my pen. = This isn't my pen.

They are not at home. = They aren't at home.

但是be的缩略形式也不能乱用呢,走近"缩略禁忌区"看看:

1. 一"心"不可二用,即不能同时用两个缩略式。例如:

He is not a teacher.可缩写成:

He's not a teacher. 或 He isn't a teacher.

但不可缩写成:He'sn' t a teacher.

2. this 和is在一起时不能缩写。例如:

This is a pencil.不能写成This's a pencil.

3. 动词be在句首或句尾时,不能用缩略形式。例如:

-Are you Liu Ying? (误:'re you Liu Ying?)

-Yes, I am. (误:Yes, I'm.)