高三英语复习教案
（SB2-units1-2）
一、单元考点提示
1.词汇
yard,horse-drawn,sign,film-maker,strict,button,castle,garage, beard, imagine, in t he hope of, take along, bring on, lose heart, day after day, used to, pick up, go through,go straight ahead,be well-known as an artist, be pleased with, have no idea, in this way smoker,packet, chance, public, club, cigarette, typewriter, nation, habit, therefore drug, smelly, share,give up, persuade sb. to do sth., go ahead, ask sb.for permission, at present,millions of, be caused by, sales of tobacco, fall asleep, catch fire,burn down, one third of, a packet of cigarettes, one third of/a third of, persuade sb.to do sth., die from, be reduced by, compared with, remain in business, encourage sb. to do sth., give up, be used to, get sb. into the habit of, call for.
2.句型
(1)Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to…?
(2)Excuse me. How can I get to …→
(3)Go through the gate and you’ll…
(4)Excuse me, please. Where’s the…?
(5)Do you mind if I do…?
(6)Would you mind if I did…?
(7)Do(would)you mind(one/one’s)doing…?
(8)I wonder if I can/could do…
3.语法
1.学习名词性从句作宾语的用法
2.名词性从句作表语
5.交际用语
(1)Go straight ahead till you see…
(2)It’s about…yards/metres down this street.
(3)Excuse me. How can I get to …?
(4)Excuse me, please. Where’s the nearest men’s room?
(5)Do you mind if I do…?
(6)I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed.
(7)Would you mind if I did…?No. Go ahead.
(8)I wonder if I could use your phone. Sure, go ahead.
二、考点精析与拓展
1.take 短语归纳
take along 带着，带在身边；take one’s place 坐某人的座位，代替某人的职位；take medicine 吃药；take steps采取步骤；take measures采取措施；take advice 接受建议；take a taxi坐出租车；take a look at 看；take a bath/walk/rest/trip洗澡/散步/休息/旅行；take away拿走; take down拿下，记录下；take back 带回，收回（话）；take off脱下（衣、鞋、帽），（飞机）起飞；take out取出；take place 发生；take the place of代替，取代；take up 开始，拿起;take a deep breath深呼吸；take one’s temperature量体温；take a photo照像;take a photograph of给……拍照；take one’(a)seat 坐下，坐好；take aim at 瞄准；take charge of 负责（管理某事或照顾某人）；take…for把……误当作；take hold of 抓住；take interest对……发生兴趣；take it easy别紧张，别过累；take notes作笔记；take notice of 注意；take office就职；take a new look on呈现新面貌；take on workers 雇佣工人；take part in参加（活动）；take pride in 为……而骄傲；take the lead带头；take trouble费劲（力）；take the side of 支持某人（方）；take a day off某一天休假，不工作；take one’s time从容行事，慢慢来；take turns轮流。
[应用]完成句子。
①你为什么不带你妈妈参加音乐会呢？
Why don’t you ________ _______ your mother__________to the concert?
②墙上的地图太旧了，取下来吧。The map on the wall is to old. _________ _________ ________.
③对不起，我收回我刚才的话。Sorry. I _______ _______ what I said just now.
④我把他当成我弟弟了。I ________him _________ my younger brother.
Key:①take,along ②Take, it ,down ③take, back ④took,for
2.sign
1)用作名词：traffic signs交通标志；road signs 路标；
signs for the rest rooms厕所标志：signs of heart trouble 心脏病的迹象，signs of rain/earthquake下雨/地震的预兆。
2）用作动词，表示“签名，作手势”。如：sign one’s name签名；sign the agreement 签署协议；sign to sb.朝某人做手势；sign to sb.to do sth.做手势让某人干某事。
[应用]完成句子
①董事长在文件上签了名。The president_______ ______ ______to the paper.
②警察做手势叫我停下。The policeman ________ ________ ________ _______.
Key:①singed,his,namevv②singed,me,to,stop
3.ahead短语归纳
go ahead朝前走，请便（同意对方继续干或同意对方的请求）；go ahead (on)with… 继续；ahead of在……前面，早于，优先；ahead of time提前
[应用]完成句子
①他朝前走去看看发生了什么事情。He ________ ________ to see what had happened.
②我可以坐这个座位吗？请坐吧。May I take this seat?________ _______.
③汤姆的数学比玛丽好。Tom is ________ _______ Mary in maths.
④她比我早到2个小时。She arrived two hours _______ _______me.
⑤他们已提前三周完成了设计。They have completed the design ________ _______ ________ _______time.
Key:①went,ahead ②Go,ahead ③/ ④ahead,of ⑤three,weeks,ahead,of
4.祈使句+and+陈述句
1）这种结构可以替换成“条件句+陈述句”。如：
Work hard,and you’ll be successful in time./If you work hard,you will be successful in time.
只要你努力，一定会成功。
注意：祈使句后and可替换成then.
2）祈使句+or+否定陈述句=否定条件句+否定陈述句。如：
Get ready or you won’t pass the test./ If you don’t get ready,you won’t pass the test.
做好准备，要不你小测验不会及格的。
注意：祈使句后的or可替换成otherwise.
6.只能接动名词作宾语的词
1）动词：admit,advise,consider,delay,enjoy,excuse,escape, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, suggest, understand
2)词组:insist on, think of, give up, dream of, hear of,depend on,feel like,devote to, be used to,can’t help,prevent… from,look forward to, put off, be worth
[应用]选择正确答案
①The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ________.
A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch
②Only one of these books is _________.
A.worth to read B.worth being read C.worth of reading D.worth reading
③I really enjoy ________ that kind of job.
A.do B.doing C.to do D.to be doing
④“What are you going to do this morning?”
“I’m thinking of _______ to visit my aunt.”
A.go B.going C.having gone D.my going
Key:①C ②D ③B ④B
7.只能接不定式作宾语的动词
下列动词只能接不定式作宾语，不能接动名词：
agree,ask,choose, decide, demand,expect, hope,learn,long, manage,offer,plan,promise, pretend, refuse,wish,set out, determine, would love.
[应用]选择正确答案
①We agree _______ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.(MET’95)
A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met
②She pretended __________ me when I passed by.(MET’89)
A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen
③Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.(met’92)
A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking
Key:①C ②A ③A
8.in the hope of
该短语表示“期待，抱有……的希望”，后接名词、代词或动名词，可替换成：in the hope that 从句或hoping to…。对比:
They got up very early in the hope of catching the first bus.
他们起得很早，希望能赶上头班车。
注意：have the hope of…/There be hope of…有希望
对比：She has the hope of success.
她有成功的希望。
There is still hope of persuading him to change his mind.
还有希望说服他改变主意。
[应用]一句多译：
他到那里去，希望买一些新鲜鱼。
He went there in the hope of buying some fresh fish./He went there in the hope that he could buy some fresh fish./He went there hoping to buy some fresh fish.
9.imagine
1)接名词、代词：You can’t imagine the life on the island.你无法想象岛上的生活。
2）接动名词：She never imagined her going abroad for further education.她从没设想过会出国深造。
3）接从句：You can’t imagine how worried I was those days.你想象不到那几天我是多么焦虑啊。
4）接复合宾语：The boy imagined himself to be a hero. 这男孩把自己想象成了英雄。
[应用] 选择正确答案
I can hardly imagine Peter ______across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.(MET’91)
A.sail B.to sail C.sailing D.to have sailed
Key:C
10.“at+名词”表示“在进行，从事”
at work 在工作；at table在吃饭；at play 在做游戏；at sea 出海；at university/college在上学;at night school在上夜校；at dinner/table在吃饭；at peace处于和平状态；at war在交战，在打仗
[应用]完成句子。
①别人在工作，不要吵闹。
Don’t make any noise while others are ______ ________.
②孩子们在游戏，而他们的父母正在吃饭。
The children were ______ ________ while their parents were_______ _______.
Key:①at, work ②at,play,at,dinner
11.open
1)用作动词：open a door/window/a small shop/one’s hand/one’s eyes/one’s mouth/fire开门/开窗/开一家小商店/张开手/睁开眼/张开嘴/开火；be opened to traffic通车；open up开采（发）
2）用作形容词：keep open开着门；be open开门、开业；cut…open切开；leave the door open 开着门；in the open air 在野外；an open secret公开的秘密；keep one’s eyes open睁眼
[应用]选择正确答案
①John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes________.(MET’92)
A.open B.to be opened C.to open D.opening
②Some new oilfields ________since 1976.
A.were opened up B.has been opened up C.have been opened up D.had been opened up
③The computer center, _________ last year,is very popular among the students in this school.
A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened
Key:①A ②C ③D
12.区别下列用法
1)as(so)far as 和……一样远，远至（原级比较或表示距离）；就……来讲
2)as(so)long as 和……一样长（原级比较）；只要（引导条件状语从句）
3）as well as和……一样好；既……也……（连接并列成分）
4）as good as和……一样好；事实上（作状语）
[应用]完成句子
①他们实际上已经答应帮助我们了。They have ________ _______ ______ promised to help us.
②油漆后的这辆自行车和新的一样。Painted, this bike is _______ _____ ______ a new one.
③小李英语说得和汉语一样好。Xiao Li speaks English ______ ______ _____ she speaks Chinese.
④他和他的父母对我都很好。He _______ ______ ______his parents is kind to me.
⑤晚饭后我们一直到走山脚下。After supper we walked _______ ______ ______the foot of the hill.
⑥就我所知，他将离开两个月。______ ______ ______I know, he’ll be away for two months.
⑦只要努力，你一定会成功。________ _________ ________you work hard, you’ll succeed in time.
⑧这座新建的桥据说和旧的一样长。This newly – built bridge is said to be ______ _______ _____the old one.
Key:①②as good as;③④as well as ⑤as far as ⑥As, far,as ⑦As/so,long,as ⑧as,long,as
13.形容词+with
be pleased with sb./sth.对……满意；be satisfied with 对……满意；be busy with sth.忙于某事；be careful with 对……注意、细心；be connected with与……有联系；be lined with 排列，站队；be patient with sb.对某人有耐心；be popular with受欢迎；be strict with sb.对某人严格要求；be wrong with 出毛病，不顺心；be disappointed with对……失望；be angry with sb.生某人的气
[应用]完成句子
①作为一名老师你应该对学生有耐心。As a teacher you should_______ _______ ______ your students.
②每条路旁都栽上了树。Every road ______ ______ _____ trees.
③我们老师对工作认真，对学生也很严格。
Our teacher is not only strict _________ his work but also________his students.
④夫妻都忙于工作，因而无暇顾及孩子。
Both husband and wife _______ ______ ______their work,so they have no time to care for the child.
Key: ①be, patient,with ②is, lined,with ③in, with ④are,busy,with
14.heart短语归纳
lose heart 失去信心；lose one’s heart to sb./sth.爱上某人/事；give heart to sb.鼓励某人；give one’s heart sb./sth.爱上某人/事；put one’s heart into 一心扑在某事上；heart and soul全心全意地；have a kind heart有一幅好心肠;break one’s heart使某人伤心；learn…by heart 记住，背诵；with a heavy/light heart 心情沉重地/轻松愉快地
[应用]完成句子
①这个队一场比赛未赢，结果灰心了。The team had won no game and it ________ ________.
②我们很奇怪她怎么爱上一个外国老头。
We wonder why she ________ _________ ________ _______an old foreigner.
③世上无难事，只怕有心人。
Nothing is too difficult in the world if you _______ _______ ________ _______it.
④全心全意地为人民服务是一个党员的义务。
It’s the duty of a Party member to serve the people ________ _________ _________ __________.
Key:①lost,heart ②lost,her,heart,to ③put,your,heart,into ④heart,and,soul
15.in the last few years.
该短语意为“最近几年”，常和现在完成时连用，表示以前某时开始一直延续至说话时的动作或状态。in可被during或over 替换。常用的还有：during the past ten days过去的10天里；over the last 5 months过去的5个月里；in the past few weeks 过去的几周里如：
We’ve learned quite a lot of English over the past three years.
三年来我们学了不少英语。
[应用]单句改错
①Many factories were built in the last ten years in my hometown.
②Both my father and mother have been busy since the past few weeks.
Key:①改were 为have been ②改since为for/in/over
16.reduce
reduce the number of减少……的数量；
reduce the cost/one’s weight/the price/speed降低成本/减肥/降价/减速
注意：reduce是increase的反义词。与by连用表示“减少了多少”；与to连用则表示“减少到多少”。
[应用]完成句子
①今年吸烟人数已减少了30%
The number of smokers has been reduced _________30%.
②现在一辆自行车的成本已降低到50美元。
Now the cost of a bike has been reduced _______50 dollars.
Key:①by ②to
17.chance
1)用于短语：
give sb.a chance给某人一次机会；
have a chance to do sth.有机会做；
miss a chance错过机会；
lose a chance失去机会；
2)用于句型：
The chance is that…/ The chances are that…表示“有可能……”（句型中的The和That 可省略）。如：
The chance is (that)she’s already heard the news. 可能她已听到那则消息了。
Chances are that the new machine will arrive tomorrow. 新机器可能明天到。
3）后接of 或that从句表示“可能性”。如：
He has no chance of winning the match. 他不可能赢得这次比赛。
There is a chance that I will see him. 我有可能见到他。
[应用]一句多译：
那里有可能藏着蛇。
The chances are that there is a snake over there.
There is a chance of a snake hiding there.
There is a chance that a snake is over there.
18．cause v.导致，引起
1）接名词：cause an accident/trouble/death/a fire/a serious illness/damage引起事故/惹麻烦/导致死亡/引起大火/导致重病/造成损害
2）接双宾语：cause sb.pain/trouble/damage给某人带来痛苦/麻烦/损害
3）接复合宾语：cuase sb. to do sth使某人做某事
[应用]完成句子
①什么使她改变了计划？ What _______ _______ ______ _______her plan?
②地震使所有的楼房倒塌了。 The earthquake ________ all the buildings ________ _______.
Key:①caused,her,to,change ②cuased,to,fall
19.permission短语归纳
ask for permission请求许可；
ask sb.for permission to do sth.请求某人允许做某事；
ask permission to do sth.请求得到允许做某事；
give sb.permission to do sth.允许某人做；
with one’s permission经某人允许；
without one’s permission 未经允许；
如：You have to ask the teacher for permission to do that.你应该得到老师的同意再去做那件事。
You have to ask permission to go there.你应该请求许可到那里去。
[应用]选择正确答案
No permission has _______ for anybody to enter the building. (MET’88)
A.been given B.given C.to give D.be giving
Key:A
20.接不定式和动名词意义不同的词
1）remember doing/having done记得曾做过某事remember to do记住去做某事 对比：
Do you remember meeting me at a party last year?
Please remember to write to your parents when you get there.
2)regret doing/having done 后悔做了（或没做）某事/regret to do遗憾地去做某事 对比：
I regret telling her the truth.
I regret to say that you are completely wrong.
3）try to do 尽力去做/try doing 试着去做
对比：She tried to learn it by heart.
She tried adding more salt to the soup.
4)forget doing 忘记曾经做过/forget to do忘记去做
对比：I forget reading about it in a magazine.
Don’t forget to shut off the gas when you finish cooking.
5)stop doing 停止做/stop to do 停止某一动作去作另一动作（说明停止的目的）
对比：They didn’t start until it stopped raining .
We stopped to see what was going on.
6)mean doing 意味着/mean to do 打算，意图做
对比：Missing the train means waiting for an hour.
I meant to come, but a friend of mine went to see me .
7)want doing 需要（物作主语，动名词主动表示被动）/want to do 想做（人作主语）
对比：The wall wants painting. I want to paint the wall myself.
21.go/do without
该短语表示“没有……将就着也行”。Without既是介词也是副词，亦即带不带宾语都行。
[应用]完成句子
①他没钱买电视，只能过着没有电视的日子。He had no money for a TV set,so he had to ____ _____ _____.
②我们没有地图也行。We have no map but we can ________ ________
Key:①go,without,it ②do,without
三、精典名题导解
1. These photographs will show you_________.
A.what does our village look like B.what our village look like
C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like
本题答案为B。
精析：该题考查两方面的内容：a)宾语从句的语序问题；b）表示“……看起来像……”时，该用什么结构。通常情况下，宾语从句中应用正常语序，即：主语+谓语，不用倒装语序，A、C应排除。当我们要表示“某人或某事物像……”之意时，须用“what…look like”的结构，D不符。
2._________him and then try to copy what he does.(NMET 199912)
A.Mind B.Glance at C.Stare at D.Watch
本题答案为D。
精析：该题考查两点：a)检查使用祈使句+and…，祈使句+or的掌握情况；b)考查表感观一组词之区别。根据词义A可排除；“glance at”表“看一看”，指“一看”的动作，显然不合题意舍去。“stare at”表示“盯”
“凝视”之意，也不合题意，删去。Watch表示“注视”的意思，正合题意。
表语从句是近年高考中考查重点之一，其原因有三：一是该从句很容易与宾语从句相混淆；二是它与主语从句在某些用法上有共同之处；三是动词不定式，v-ing短语也可做表语，用起来极难区别。此外，交际用语的问语、答语形式也是高考常考的题型之一，学习和复习时，应倍加留心。
3.-Do you mind my taking this seat? -__________. (NMET 199513)
A.Yes,sit down please B.No,of course not C.Yes,take it please D.No,you can’t take it
本题答案为B。
精析：此题考查的目的是：检查考生对由that引起的问句应如何回答。通常，回答这种问句的方式有两种：1）如果表示同意某人做某事（即表示不反对、或不介意）常可答：No,of course not. Certainly not.No,not at all. Oh,no,please.或No,go ahead;2)如表示不同意某人做某事（即表示介意），可答：I’m sorry,but…Sorry,but I’m afraid you can’t.从所提供答案来看，A、C、D均不合题意，删除。B与题意相符。
4.Go and get your coat. It’s __________ you left it.(NMET 199115)
A.there B.where C.there where D.where there
本题答案为B。
精析：此题是考查表语从句的用法。A.there不能引导表语从句，排除；C.there where you left it,there之后不能用where引导的从句来修饰，故排除；D.where there,既用了引导词where,就不能再用there,所以D也须舍去。
5.-Do you mind if I keep pets in this building? -___________.
A.I’d rather you didn’t,actually B.Of course not,it’s not allowed here C.Great!I love pets D.No,you can’t
本题答案为A。
精析：B、D选项直接拒绝，语气过于生硬,不友好,C项过于热情，不合实际，A项则回答得很委婉，有礼貌。
6．We all agree with him on_______he said.
A.what B.that C.why D.how
本题答案为A。
精析：位于介词之后的宾语从句一般不能由what引导，但介词except、in、but、besides除外，此题题干所给的介词是on,所以，B不对。表示“所说（做，想）的”等意思时，应用what,不用why,how.
7.I won’t go with you. It’s _________ cold outside today.
A.so much B.too much C.very so D.much too
本题答案为D。
精析：因cold为形容词，不能用so much来修饰。very to为错误表达方式，故排除。too much 可用来修饰名词、动词。much too表“实在太”之意，用来修饰形容词与副词。
8.It’s wrong ________ help him.
A.for you to B.for you not to C.of you to D.of you not to
本题答案为D。
精析：英语中形容词可分两类：一是描述主语的品行、道德行为的，如：
nice,good,wrong,careful,careless,foolish,clever等。这类形容词之后的不定式复合结构常用介词of，其常用结构为：It’s+此类形容词+of sb.to do…;另一类是描述主语的性质特点的，如：
hard,easy,difficult,necessary,important等。用此类形容词时，其后的不定式复合结构，须用介词for。因本句的形容词是wrong，A、B排除；C为肯定式，不合题意，舍去。
9.-Would you go to the concert with me? -_________,but I’m very busy now.
A.I’d like to B.Sure C.No problem D.Certainly
本题答案为A。
精析：根据两者对话的内容结果来看，答方因自己目前很忙，委婉拒绝了对方的邀请。按照英美人的习惯，即使是拒绝对方的邀请，也要让对方觉得自己是愿意接受对方邀请的，只是由于某种客观条件的不允许，因故不能前往。B、C、D是表同意对方邀请之答语，不合题意舍去。
（SB2-units3-4）
一、单元考点提示
1.重点单词
handshake agreement Asian guest custom proud manner disagree comfortable nod wave fist manage distance composition type juice rose check magazine fix hand rail chief event immediately develop addlorry weekly suitable speed daily
2.重点短语
take…for example 以……为例 accept…as 认为……是 kiss sb.goodbye 吻别
obey the customs 遵守习俗 keep a certain distance 保持一定的距离 face to face 面对面地
take a photograph 照……相 get down 开始（认真做某事） as well as 也，又
be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎 work on 从事
3.重点句型
What (How)about…?
make oneself understood
while表对比
either…or;not… but…
They are said to be very good.
There is no more time left for adding new stories.
4.交际英语
Can /shall I help you?
Would you like some help?
Would you like me to do…?
Where is the best place to meet?
Shall we meet at six?
What time shall we meet?
Do you know what they are?
5.语法
部分否定；
with + n. + 补足成分构成独立主格结构；
动词不定式作主语时的形式主语it；
疑问词后跟动词不定式；
动名词作主语和宾语。
二、考点精析与拓展
1.manage vt.经营；设法；对付
She managed the house very well. 她把家管理得很好。
We managed to finish the work ahead of time. 我们设法提前完成了任务。
I shan’t be able to manage without help. 没有人帮助，我无法办到。
[辨析] manage to do sth. /try to do sth.
manage to do sth.强调已达到目的或出现了结果，含“成功”之意。try to do sth.意为“试图或尽力做某事”，多表示一种企图或决心，而不表示一定成功。如：
we’ve managed to make up for the lost time. 我们设法把失去的时间补了回来。
He tried to pass the examination,but failed. 他努力想通过考试，但没成功。
2.pleasure n.荣幸；愿意
It’s my pleasure to help you.愿意为你效劳。
It’s a pleasure for me to be invited to the party.应邀参加晚会我深感荣幸。
3. You can take it for example that he always helps the old. 你可以把他帮助老人这件事作为一个例子。
Take Peter as an example, he is brave and kind. 以彼得为例，他既勇敢又善良。
4.not…but … 不是……而是……
Shakespeare was not a musician but a writer.莎士比亚不是音乐家而是作家。
Not the students but the teacher is hoping to visit the Great Wall.不是学生而是老师希望去参观长城。
He can’t read or write in English,but can speak English fluently.
他不能读英语和写英语，但能流利地说英语。
They neet not money but time. 他们所需要的不是钱，而是时间。
5．[辨析] for example / such as
for emample 用来举例说明，例子通常是一个。它可放在所举例子的前面，也可放在后面；such as 用来列举事物，只能放在所列举的事物的前面。另外，只列举有代表性的事物，并不全部列出。如：
Some students are often late for school, Li Ling ,for emample .
有些学生上学经常迟到，例如李玲。
He can speak several foreign languages, such as English, Janpanese,
German and so on.
他会说好几种外语，比如英语、日语、德语等。
6.distance n.距离；远处
When they finish their talk, the two may be quite a distance from the place where they were standing.当谈话结束时，两个人离他们原来站的地方可能有相当一段距离了。
The waterfall can be heard at a distance of two miles.
在两英里外就能听到这瀑布声。
Hills are blue in the distance.远处的山呈蓝色。
The lion looks dangerous, so I decide to keep a distance away from it.狮子看起来很危险，所以我决定离它远点儿。
What’s the distance between Beijing and Shanghai?
北京到上海之间的距离是多少？
7.[辨析] chief/ main
两者都有“主要的”、“首要的”之意，但有区别。
chief 主要用于人，表示“为首的，有最高地位或权力的”。
main一般说明事与物，可指某些具体的或抽象的东西。如：
He is the chief policeman. 他是警长。
This is our main teaching building. 这是我们的主教学楼。
8.[辨析] event/ accident/ incident
event一般指重大事件。accident多指意外或偶然发生的事故，特别是不幸的、有损害性的事故。incident相对于accident来说，显得不很重要，指“小事件”，它还可以用来表示“事变”，如叛乱、爆炸等。如：
The broadcaster is broadcasting the news on current events. 广播员正在播报时事新闻。
He was badly injured in the traffic accident. 在那起交通事故中，他严重受伤。
There was an incident on the bus: a man fought with the conductor.
那辆公共汽车上发生了一件事，有个人和售票员打了起来。
Have you heard of Xi’an Incident?你听说过“西安事变”吗？
9.fix vt.安排；修理；准备；安装；固定
We have fixed the time and date of the party. 我们已经确定了聚会的日期和具体时间。
Something has gone wrong with my tape-recorder. I must have it fixed. 我的录音机坏了，我得请人修一下。
Mother decided to fix them something to eat. 母亲决定给他们准备点吃的。
It’s not polite to fix your eyes on others. 盯着别人看是不礼貌的。
It is necessary for a child to form the habit of fixing his attention on/ upon what he is doing.
孩子养成专心做事情的习惯是很有必要的。
10.[辨析] work on/ work at
work on与work at可通用，表示“忙于……”。但在work on sth.中，sth是work的具体对象；而在work at sth.中，sth. 只说明所从事工作的性质，即时间、精力用在某一方面的事情上，而不在于说明正在做什么。如：
He is working on/ at a novel. 他正在专心写一部小说。
They have worked at this subject for many years. 他们从事这项课题的研究已经好多年了。
Bob worked hard on organizing other singers to sing for him for free.
鲍勃积极地组织其他歌唱家为他义务演唱。
11.[辨析] take photograph of/take photograph for
take photograph of 表示拍照的内容。 take photograph for 表示拍照的目的。如：
He took some photographs of these beautiful flowers. 他拍了一些这些美丽的花的照片。
He took some photographs for the foreigners. 他为那些外国人拍了一些照片。
12．[辨析] as well/ as well as
as well 表示“也”，是副词短语，用作状语，通常放在句末，也可放在主语之后，相当于too,但一般无标点符号与句子隔开.as well as 通常看作一个复合并列连词,连接两个成分相同的词、短语或句子，表示“既……又……，不但……而且……”当它连接两个主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要与第一个主语保持一致。如：
The children learn to read, write and they play games as well.孩子们学习读书写字，他们也做游戏。
With television,we can see a picture as well as hear sound. 利用电视,我们既能听到声音,又能看到图像.
Tom,as well as his parents,likes pop music. 汤姆以及他的父母都喜欢流行音乐。
13.[辨析] besides/except/but
besides用作介词时,表示“除……以外还有”之意,即所除去的东西要包括在内。用作副词时，表示“此外，而且”
except表了“除……之外”所除去的东西不包括在内。
but只能用在no,all,nobody,anything,anywhere等词之后。
如：Besides knowing some Greek,she was fluent in Italian. 她除了懂些希腊语之外，意大利语也说得很流利。
Do you play other games besides tennis? 除网球之外，你还进行其他的运动吗？
It wasn’t a good hotel;besides,it was very expensive. 这不是一家好旅馆，况且房价也很贵。
Harrison had thought of everything except the weather. 哈利森什么事情都考虑到了，惟独没有考虑到天气。
Under the soil there is nothing except/but sand. 土壤下面只有沙子。
三、精典名题导解
题1（NMET 2000）_________production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.
A.As B.For C.With D.Though
分析：C. production 之后为up,它是一个副词，for不能位于句首且常引导原因状语从句。A、Ｄ不适于“介词＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构。
题２（NMET 1997）I would love_____________to the party last night.But I had to work extra hours to fnish report.
A.to go B.To have gone C.going D.having gone
分析：B.动词不定式的一般式to go表示动作发生在谓语动词之后；to have gone是动词不定式的完成式，表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。这里有“愿做某事但未做成之意”。
题３（上海 1999）She can’t help___________the house because she’s busy making a cake.
A.to clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.being cleaned
分析：Ａ.此题的句意是：她不能帮忙打扫房子，因为她忙于做蛋糕。can’t help cleaning是“忍不住要打扫”，与下文矛盾。
题4（NMET 1999）The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______ it more difficult.
A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make
分析：B.空白处以后部分与to make life easier为并列成分，因此后面也用不定式。
题5（NMET 1999）Robert is said___________abroad,but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.learning
分析：Ａ.从studied in可知不定式的动作指过去，应用完成时。
题6（NMET 1997）She __________his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.
A.looked up B.took for C.picked out D.picked up
分析：Ａ.句意为“查阅电话号码”。
题7（上海 1997）-What do you think made Mary so upset? - __________her new bicycle.
A.As she lost B.Lost C.Losing D.Because of losing
分析：Ｃ.从问句看，问的是made的主语。上述选项中只有动名词可作主语。
题8（上海 2001春）Ｗhen you turn on the TV set ,clear picture will______________appear on the screen.
A.rapidly B.hurriedly C.lately D.immediately
分析：Ｄ.“立即，马上”指时间。相当于soon。
（SB2-units5-6）
一、单元考点提示
1.词汇
line appearance set storm film director siage bury uncertain
lifetime search wooden mouthful excite manager honour particular
silent act shape ring collection bank material cheaply pack hide
shame penny coin trade silver possible mine whenever whatever afford
2.句型
set off 动身，启程 in a hurry 匆忙地，很快地
have on 穿着，戴着 pick out 挑出
in(one’s)search 寻求；寻找 bring up 教育；培养
so far 至目前为止 hand out 分发
here and there 到处 look through 仔细查看
sooner or later 迟早 pick up 收集；买到
plenty of 大量的 date from 始于……
mix…with… 把……和……搅拌（混合） trade with sb. 与某人做买卖
3.语法
be of this kind
One of the most delicious meals that he has ever enjoyed.
What a pity/ What a shame…
It’s a pity that…
It’s great fun…
be of +(大小、形状、重量、新旧、颜色等)名词
4.交际英语
What do you do?(表示询问职业)
Could you…?（表示请求）
电话用语：遗憾的表达方式。
二、考点精析与拓展
1. search;search for; look for
(1)search指“搜查某地或搜身”，其宾语可以是房屋、人身、衣袋等名词。如：
They searched their homes without any reason.他们毫无理由地搜查了他们的家。
They searched him but found nothing.他们搜了他的身，但没有找到什么。
(2)search for 则指“搜寻、搜索某人或物”。如：
They searched for him everywhere.他们到处搜寻他。
The police searched the wood for the lost child.警察在树林里寻找走失的孩子。
试比较：They searched his clothes.他们搜查了他的衣服。（看是否藏有东西）
They searched for his clothes.他们在搜寻他的衣服。（要找到衣服）
另外，search也可用做名词，in search of “寻找、寻求”是个常见短语。如：
The boys went in search of something to eat.孩子们去找东西吃。
(3)look for意为“寻找”，同search for意义大体相同。但search for 意味较强，用很大注意力搜寻。而look for则较为通俗，常用于日常用语。如:
I looked for my missing pen everywhere. 我到处找我丢失的那支笔。
2. be certain…; be sure
be uncertain about意思是“对……不确定（没把握）”
uncertain的词根是certain,意思是“确信的，有把握的”，常用于以下结构：
(1)be certain(sure) to do sth.“肯定会做……”（表示某事将要发生）。如：
He is certain(sure) to come next Sunday.
(2)be certain(sure) of/ about sth.“确信、有把握”（表示某个人的思想状态）。如：
We are certain/ sure of victory.
(3)名词从句作主语时，一般多用certain.
It is certain that he will come.
3. “喜欢”的表示方法
英语中，表示“喜欢”的动词或词组有若干个，它们的语气强弱不同，有重有轻，意思也不完全一样，下面分别举例说明：
(1)love 意为“热爱”，指引起深厚的、强烈的感情的爱，并有一种依附意，语气最重。如：
His mother,whom he loved deeply,died when he was only a small boy.他深深爱戴着他的母亲，当他小的时候，她与世长辞了。
I love doing comedies .我喜欢演喜剧。
(2)be fond of 表示“喜欢” “热爱”，也表示对某人或某事有感情，语气次于“love”。如：
Ants are fond of sweet food. 蚂蚁喜欢吃甜食。
I’m fond of this child.我喜欢这个小孩。
(3)care for意为“喜欢、对……有兴趣”。如：
The girl cares much for new clothes.这个女孩很喜欢新衣服。
They do not care very greatly for art.他们对艺术不是很感兴趣。
(4)like意为“喜欢”，指不反感，但不引起强烈的感情和迫切的愿意，反义词为dislike.如：
Do you like reading?你喜欢阅读吗？
I like to read in bed.我喜欢在床上看书。
(5)enjoy意为“欣赏”“喜欢”，具有满足感，如：
I enjoy foreign music.我喜欢外国音乐。
Most students enjoy asking questions in English.大部分学生喜欢用英语问问题。
(6)go in for“喜欢（做某类事）、有某种习惯或做法”。如：
What sports do you go in for?你喜欢哪些体育运动？
We don’t go in for that sort of thing.我们不喜欢那种事情。
4. as;which引导定语从句异同
as, which 都能引导限制性或非限制性的定语从句。
(1)在引导限制性定语从句时；
①which从句修饰的先行词是名词（词组），which可与that换用，作宾语时可省去。如：
Then grow some tomatoes in one box which has plant food in the soil and some in another box which doesn’t.
But the studios(which)he started are still busy today,producing
more and more interesting films.
②as从句的先行词是the same/such或被the same/such修饰；as可作主、宾、表语，一律不可省略。如：
Many of the sports were the same as they are now.（as作表语）
He uses the same map as I (use).他和我用的是同一份地图。（as作宾语）
Such as beautiful park as is being built was designed by two young engineers.正在建造的如此漂亮的公园是由两个年轻的工程师设计的。（as作主语）
The printed newspaper was not such as the chief editor had expected. 印好的报纸并非如主编原来所期望的那样。（as作宾语）
(2)在引导非限制性定语从句时，as,which都可作主、宾、表语，都不可省去。
①which从句补充说明先行词的用途、性质、状态、特征等。如：
At present,the biggest nature park for milu deer in China is in the Nanhaizi Milu Park,which is about 20 kilometres south of Beijing.(位置)
China Daily has plenty of advertisements, which help to cut the costs of making the newspaper.(用途)
One of Charile Chaplin’s most famous films was“The Gold Rush”,which was made in 1925.(时间)
Now, however,the maters of this great lake,which is also the World’s deepest(over 1,740 metres),have been dirtied by waste from a chemical factory.(特征)
②which从句还可表示说话人的看法，也可对主句作意义上的补充；which=and it/ this/ that/ they;which代表的是先行词、主句或主句的一部分；which从句只能放在先行词或主句后。如：
He said she could speak 4 foreign languages, which(=and it)is not true.他说她会四门外语，这是不可能的。（说话人看法，which代表宾语从句部分）
比较：He said she could speak 4 foreign languages, which(=and that)surprised every one of us.他说她会四门外语，这使我们每个人都很惊讶。（补充主句，which 代表主句）
③as也可代表先行词、主句或主句一部分。但as有“正如”的意义，其从句可放在主句前或后，如：
The Nanjing Changjiang River Bridge,as we all know, was compl-
eted in 1969.我们都知道南京长江大桥，它建成于一九六九年。（as代表先行词）
To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish.(如)你们许多人（所做的那样）对事实视而不见是愚蠢的。（as代表主语部分）
5. would like; should like
(1)两个短语均指“想要……”，与want同义，但would(should)like的语气较want婉转或客气。
(2)would like 可用于各种人称；而should like则主要用于第一人称。例如：
He would(不用should)like to be a doctor.他希望当大夫。
We would(不用should)like to hear your views about it.我们想听听你对这个问题的看法。
(3)在疑问句中常用would like,而不用should like。例如：
What would you like for breakfast?你早饭想吃什么？
(4)这两个短语常常简略为’d like,后面可接名词、代词或动词不定式，不接动名词。例如：
Would you like to leave a message?你要不要留话？
误：Would you like leaving a message?
(5)在省略回答中，would like to 中的to 不可省略，只省略to后面的词语（但be 除外）。例如：
①-Would you like to join us tonigh?
-Oh, I’d like to (join you),but I have a friend to see off at the station.
② -Would you like to be a singer?
-Yes,I’d like to be (a singer).
6. shape;form; figure
这组名词都有“形状”的意思。
shape 着重指人或物等的比较具体的整个外形，不太正式；form指有实体结构和看得见的某种特殊形状或是抽象的形式；figure指物时，侧重指轮廊，指人时，着重指姿态。如：
Coins may be of different sizes,weights, shapes, and of diff-
erent metals. 硬币可能大小、轻重、形状不同，铸造的金属也可能不一样。
The shape of Italy is like a leg.意大利国的形状像一条腿。
Change these sentences into the Present Perfect Passive,putting the verbs into the correct forms.用动词的正确形式将下面的句子变成现在完成时的被动语态 。
Ice,snow and steam are forms of water.冰、雪、蒸气是水的几种形态。
You can see the tall stone figures and visit the temples of the gods.你可以看到那些高大的石雕像，参观那些神殿。
这组名词也可当动词用，shape意为“使什么东西具有某种具体的外
形”，常有“塑造”等具体意义；form指通过协商、组织等形成某种习惯、计划或组织等，一般相当于“形成”;figure通常指象征某事物。
7.be of…结构小结
(1)be of + 表示年龄（age）、大小（size）、颜色（color）、重量（weight）、高度（height）、价格（price）、意见（opinion）、形状（shape）、种类（kind）和方法（way）等名词，说明主语的特征，of表示“具有”之意，有时可省去。例如：
They are both of middle height.他俩都是中等个儿。
When I was of your age, I was a teacher.当我是你这个年龄时，我当老师了。
These flowers are of different colors.这些花朵颜色不同。
Tom is of a different way of thinking.汤姆的思维方式与别人不同。
注意：此结构中，如果of后面的名词前有不定冠词a/an，则a/an=the same.例如：
The two boys are of an/the same age.这两个男孩同龄。
These bottles are of a/the same size.这些瓶子大小一样。
(2)be of + 物质名词，表示主语是由某材料制成或某成分构成，相当于be made of, be built of或be made up of等。例如：
The necklace is(made)of glass.这项链是玻璃制的。
The bridge is (built)of stone.这桥是由石头构筑的。
Our class is (made up)of over 50 students. 我班有50多个学生。
(3)be of + 抽象名词（如value, importance,use, help等），of表示“具有、具备”等意思，of不能省，这一结构相当于be+该抽象名词相应的形容词。例如：
They are of great help/ very helpful to learners of English.他们对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。
In fact, sports and games can be of great value/very valuable.事实上体育运动是很有价值的。
The book is of no use/useless to us.这书对我们无用。
It is of great importance/very important to study English.学习英语很重要。
因此，根据上述(1),(2)点可以看出，课文句中第一个be of 结构表示“具有”，第二个be of(承前省去be)表示“由……制成的”。全句汉语意思为：“硬币的大小、重量、形状可能各不相同，并由不同的金属制成。”
8. whatever用法小结
whatever 是一种用法较特殊的代词，兼有连接词和关系词的作用，主要有以下三种用法：
(1)引导主语从句和宾语从句，意思是“凡是……的事物(=anything that)”.
Whatever I have is yours.我所有的东西就是你的。(主语从句)
Go to stamp sales and buy whatever you can afford.到邮票销售处去把你能买得起的邮票都买下来。（宾语从句）
She would tell him whatever news she got.她会把所听到的任何消息都告诉他。（宾语从句）
Talk to me about whatever is troubling you.把任何使你烦恼的事都对我谈谈。（介词宾语从句）
whatever在这类从句中可作主语、宾语、定语等。
(2)引导状语从句，多表示让步，意思是“不管什么、无论怎样”。如：
Don’t change your plans, whatever happens.无论怎样，你都别改变计划。
Whatever I am, it’s useful to know foreign languages.无论我做什么工作，懂外语总是有用的。
So don’t lose heart, whatever you do。因此无论你做什么，都不要丧失信心。
Whatever the old man was like, most of his scientific work was sound.无论那位老人怎么样，他大部分的科研工作是好的。
You have to go on,whatever difficulties you meet.无论你遇到什么困难，你都必须干下去。
Whatever在这类从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、介词宾语、定语等。
这类句中的某些成分还可以省略。如：
The country is always beautiful whatever the season(is).无论哪个季节，这个国家总是很美。
9.感叹句表达方式
感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。大多数感叹句是由what和how引导，其句型结构为“What(或How)+感叹部分+主语+谓语！”。也有少量其他形式的感叹句，现一并归纳如下：
(1)What 引导的感叹句
What 用做定语，修饰名词，其引导的感叹句句型结构为：
①What+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！如：
What an orphan he is!他是个多么可怜的孤儿啊！
②What+a (an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！如：
What a beautiful voice she has!她的声音多美啊！
③What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！如：
What kind doctors they are!他们是多好的医生啊！
④What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！如：
What good news it is!
(2)How 引起的感叹句
How 用做状语，修饰形容词、副词和动词，其引导的感叹句句型结构为：
①How+形容词+主语+谓语！
How clever you are!
②How+副词+主语+谓语！
How well she dances!
③How +形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！如：
How good a student he is!
④How+主语+谓语！如：
How the teachers worked!教师们工作多么努力啊！
⑤How+many(few)+可数名词的复数+主语+谓语！如：
How many books you have read!
⑥How much(little)+不可数名词+主语+谓语！如：
How little money the coat cost!
(3)“What+a(an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”句型可转换为“How+形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”句型。如；
What a clever boy he is!
How clever a boy he is!
(4)感叹句常将主语和谓语动词省略，以“What+名词！”或“How+形容词！”的形式构成。如：
What a fine student!
What mountains!
How wonderful!
How brave!
(5)其他形式的感叹句
有时候，可不用what和how来表示感叹，而用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句，甚至一个词或词组来表示感叹。如：
She is such a nice girl!她是一个多好的姑娘啊！（陈述句）
Who do you think you are!你算老几！（疑问句）
“Stop the train! Stop the train!”(祈使句)
Wonderful!(一个词)
Happy New Year!(词组)
三、精典名题导解
题1 （NMET 1995）When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.
A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken
分析：C。因句意表达的是“铅笔部分放于水中”所出现的状态，即“看上去像折掉了一样”，所以空白处应用虚拟语气。
题2 （NMET 1997）The two strangers talked as if they _______ friends for years.
A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been
分析：D。从talked一词可知是过去情况的虚拟形式。
题3 The sun is the centre of the universe, __________ we all know.
A. for B. as C. that D. what
分析：B。as可以引导非限制性定语从句，经常与know连用，as代替前面一句话，即，先行词是一句话。
题4 He paid the boy washing ten windows, most of _________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
分析：D。从句中的逗号可以判断，横线上缺少一个关系代词引导定语从句，that不能作介词宾语。
题5 （NMET 2000）These wild flowers are so special that I would do__________I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever
分析：A。句中I can后省略了do.即应为I can do to save them, do后没有宾语，所以应用whatever,意为“任何事情、不论什么”。
题6 (上海 2002) There’s a feeling in me_________We’ll never know what a UFO is-not ever.
A. that B. which C. of which D. what
分析：A。that的先行词是a feeling in me ,是一个定语从句。
题7 It’s no use _______the small matters again.
A. discuss about B. to discuss C. discussing D. having a discussion
分析：C。It’s not use doing sth…做某事没有用。
题8 Very few can_______ the difference between the two words.
A. speak B. say C. tell D. talk
分析：C。四个选项在词意上有区别。speak(讲)和say(说)均为不及物动词；tell(告诉)为及物动词；talk(谈话)为不及物动词。tell和can或can’t 连用，表示“分辨”。
（SB2-units7-8）
一、单元考点提示
1.词汇
settle, struggle, freeze, exploit, refer, block, average, be famous for, a great deal of, make use of, clear up, from time to time, tell the difference between, tell…from…,generally speaking, sound/look strange, the second largest, struggle against, all the year around, refer to, live on, settle down, breath, injure, lay, wound, safety, wherever, quantity, ought to, take it easy, first aid, muth-to-mouth, deal with, running water, out of one’s reach, hold up, throw up, stay still, give first aid, lie on one’s back, out of reach, get sb. to do sth., by mistake, pay attention to, leave her where she is.
2.句型
(1)You mean it looks strange!
(2)I’ll tell you something that does sound strange.
(3)The population of Canada is…
(4)As in China,the weather is different from area to area.
(5)I think she must be injured.
(6)Leave her where she is.
(7)Repeat this as often as necessary.
(8)Don’t reach sideways while standing on a ladder.
(9)If anyone in the country knew first aid, many lives would be saved.
3.语法
(1)学习主谓一致的用法
(2)复习情态动词must和should的用法，学习ought to的用法
4.交际英语
(1)A lof of people can’t tell the difference between…
(2)Are there many differences?
(3)What do you mean by…
(4)I’m sorry, I don’t quite follow you.
(5)Do you use American or British spelling?
(6)American spellings are used more and more in Canada now.
(7)We must carry her to the side of the road.
(8)You should/ shouldn’t
(9)I ought to go home.
(10)Don’t try to get up.
二、考点精析与拓展
1.drop用法归纳
drop可用作名词“滴”；用作不及物动词“掉下，滴下”；用作及物动词“使掉（滴）下”。如：
a drop of blood一滴血；drop by rop/in drops一滴一滴地；drop from the tree从树上掉下来；drop to the ground 落在地上；drop the letter into the mailbox把信投进信箱；drop a handkerchief/stone掉下手帕/石头
习语：drop in 顺便拜访；drop in on sb.顺便走访某人；drop in at his school顺便拜访他的学校。
[应用]完成句子
①我看见一个苹果从树上掉下来。I saw an apple______ _______ the tree.
②他们这样做是搬起石头咂自己的脚。In doing so they are lifting a rock to ______ _____on their feet.
③你路过的话，千万要来。Do _______ _______ if you happen to be passing.
Key：①drop,from ②drop, it ③drop, in
2.average短语归纳
average 可用作名词，表示“平均数，一般水平”，也可作形容词，表示“平均的”。如：
the average of the pay 平均工资；above/below the average 平均以上/以下；
the average age of the girls姑娘的平均年龄；
the average temperature平均气温；
on(an,the)average平均起来
[应用]完成句子
① 这个厂的工人平均每月收入700元。
_________ _________，one worker in this factory gets 700 yuan every month.
②他的功课一般以上。He is_________ _________ in his lessons.
Key: ①On, average ②above, average
3.reach sth./reach for sth.
(1)reach sth.表示“够得着某物”，reach是及物动词。如：reach the top of the shelf够得着架子顶部；reach the apple on the tree够得着树上的苹果。
(2)reach for sth.表示“伸手（脚）去够某物”，其中的reach是不及物动词。亦可替换成reach out for sth.或reach out one’s hand(foot)for sth.，意义相同。
(3)reach还可用作不及物动词表示“延伸”。如：The woods reach as far as the river.树林子延伸到河边。
(4)短语：reach an agreement达成协议；
beyond/out of one’s reach够不着，力所不及；
out of the reach of sb.某人够不着；
within one’s reach够得着，力所能及。
[应用]完成句子
①他伸手去够树枝，但是够不着。He ______ ______ the stick but could not_______it.
②你最好把吃的东西放在小孩够得着的地方。You’d better have the food _______the boy’s ________.
Key:①reached, for, reach ②within, reach
4.表示态度、语气的短语归纳
generally speaking一般说来；strictly speaking严格说来；honestly speaking诚实地说来；personally speaking就我个人而言；exactly speaking准确地说来。to tell you the truth说实话；to be honest老实说；believe it or not信不信由你；judging from his appearance从他的相貌来说
[应用]完成句子
① 严格说来，加拿大英语和美国英语并不完全一样。
② _______ ______,Canadian English is not just the same as American English.
②老实说我不赞同你的想法。_______ _______ ________,I can’t agree to your idea.
③一般地说，青年人喜欢流行音乐。___________,young people enjoy pop music.
Key:①Strictly,speaking ②To,be,honest ③Generally, speaking
5.如何表示“不同，区别”
1)tell the difference between A and B.说出A和B的区别；辨别A和B
2)tell A from B.区别、辨别A和B
3)What’s the difference between A and B?A和B什么不同？
4)There be some differences between A and B.A和B 之间有不同之处。
5)A be different from B.A和B不同
6)make sb./sth.different from使某人/物不同于……
7)do sth. differently from…做起某事与……不同
8)make no difference无关紧要
[应用]完成句子
①我几乎讲不出这两个单词之间的区别。I can hardly_____the difference________ these two words.
②绵羊和山羊有什么不同？________ ________ ________between a sheep and a goat?
③哪一边赢对我都不重要。It _______ ________ ________ to me which side may win.
④你确实很富，但这并不能使你不同于别人。
You are rich indeed, but that doesn’t _________ __________ __________ ________ __________.
⑤事实和他所说的大不一样。The fact _______quite________ _________ what he said.
⑥你能分辩出她和她的姐姐吗？Can you _________ her________her sister?
Key:①tell, between ②What’s,the,difference ③makes,no, difference ④make, you,different,from,others
⑤is,different,from ⑥tell,from
6.ordinary, common
二者都有“普通的，平常的”的意思，但侧重点不同。ordinary侧重表示“外表平凡，平平常常”；而common指“普遍存在，经常碰到”。对比：
in ordinary dress穿着平常的衣服； in an ordinary way以通常的方式；an ordinary – looking man相貌平常的人； an ordinary event平常的一件事； common excuse常用的借口； common knowledge常识；
common people普通人，老百姓； have a bathroom in common合用洗澡间。
[应用]完成句子
①那是一首普通的舞曲。 It was a piece of______dance music.
②这种天气在南方是很常见的。 This sort of weather is quite _________in the south.
③这弟兄两个没有什么共同之处。 These two brothers have nothing ________ _________.
Key:①ordinary ②common ③in common
7.freeze,freezing,frozen
freeze是动词“结冰，凝固”；freezing可用作名词“冰点”，用作形容词“冰冷的”，用作副词“极冷地”；frozen既是freeze的过去分词形式，也可用作形容词，表示“冷冻的”。对比：
Water freezes below freezing. 冰点以下时水结冰。
It was freezing cold that morning.那天早晨非常地冷。
The roads are frozen in places.路上多处结冰。
[应用]英译汉
①above/over freezing ②freezing weather ③be frozen to death ④give sb. a freezing cold
⑤freezing machine ⑥frozen meat ⑦I’m frozen,so I can’t write ⑧I’m freezing,so I’ve to put on a heavy coat.
Key:①零度以上 ②很冷的天气 ③被冻死 ④冷冷地看某人一眼 ⑤制冷机 ⑥冻肉
⑦我冻坏了，不能写东西了。 ⑧我觉得冷极了，我得穿件厚大衣。
8.refer to, refer…to
1）refer 可用作及物动词，用于refer… to,表示“将……提交给”。如：
refer this problem to the school把这个问题提交学校；
refer the matter to the United Nations.将这件事情提交联合国
2)refer表示“谈到，涉及；查阅，参考，指”时是不及物动词，需用refer to结构。如：
The book which you referred to is not in the library. 你所指的那本书不在图书馆。
His report refers to the situation in the Middle East. 他的报告谈到中东的形势。
短语：refer to the map/one’s notes/the dictionary 查阅地图/参考笔记/查字典
注意：look up word in the dictionary 查字典
对比：refer to 指语言、内容与某人（物）有关；而point to表示用手指向某人（物）。如：
I didn’t know whom she was referring to. 我不知道她指的是谁。
She pointed to the map and explained to the students. 她指着地图给学生做出解释。
[应用]完成句子
①我在加拿大时，一位朋友经常提起白求恩大夫。
A friend of mine often ______ _______ Dr.Bethune when I was in Canada.
②两国把这件事提交给了联合国。The two countries. _______the matter _______the United Nations.
Key:①referred,to ②referred,to
9.clear
(1)用作形容词，表示“清楚的，明白的”。如：
in a clear voice以清楚的声音；
be clear about sth.对……清楚，明白；
be clear to sb.对某人来说很清楚；
make one’s meaning clear 说明自己的意思；
注意两个句型：A：make it clear that…声明，说明；B.It’s (was)clear that…很明显（清楚）……。
（2）用作动词，表示“清除，清理，使干净”。如：
clear one’s room/a table/a street/the desk 整理房间/收拾桌子/清扫大街/整理书桌；
clear away the dishes/waste把餐碟收走/把垃圾清除
（3）clear up 的三个意义：
A.表示“清理，收拾，解决”。如：
The dustmen were busy clearing up the snow on the road. 清洁工正在清除路上的积雪。
This book has cleared up many problems for me. 这本书给我解决了许多难题。
B．表示“（天气）转晴”。如：
It’s snowing now, but I think it will clear up soon. 现在正在下雨，但是我想天气很快会晴的。
C．表示“露出喜悦的心情”。如：
Her face cleared up as she read the letter. 她看信的时候面露喜色。
［应用］完成句子
①她对下一步干什么十分清楚。 She is _________ _________what to do next.
②很清楚敌人是不会放弃他们的计划的。______ ______ ______that the enemy wouldn’t give up their plan.
③他明确表示他要离职。He _________ _________ ________that he would leave office.
④在离开办公室以前，请把你的桌子整理一下。_________ ________your desk before you leave the office.
Key:①clear,about ②It, is, clear ③make , it clear ④Clear,up
10.on+身体部位
lay the person on one’s back让这个人仰卧着； lie on one’s back/stomach/side仰卧/趴着/侧着身躺着；
sleep on one’s side 侧身睡； stand on one foot 一条脚站着； stand on one’s head倒立
[应用]完成句子
①她趴在床上，哭个不停。She ______ _______ ______ ______in the bed,crying all the while
②你想倒立几个小时是很不容易的。It’s difficult for you to _____ ______ ______ ______ for several hours.
Key:①lay, on, her, stomach ②stand,on, your,head
11.deal with,do with
1)二者都可表示“对付，应付，处理，安排”，但deal是不及物动词，可与how连用；而do是及物动词，只与what连用表示上述意义，不能单独使用。对比：
We don’t know what to do with the waste materials./We don’t know how to deal with the waste materials.
我们不知道怎样处理这此废料。
What’s the best way of dealing with thieves? 对付小偷最好的办法是什么？
（此句中的deal with不可替换成do with）
2)deal with还可表示“论述，涉及到；与……相处”等意义，而do with 无此用法。如：
The books dealing with Asian problems sell well in colleges. 论述亚洲问题的书在大学里很畅销。
That man is easy to deal with. 这个人容易相处。
[应用]完成句子
① 你是怎么处理这类事情的？
_________did you deal with matters of this sort? What did you ________ _________matters of this sort?
②我们要处理的棘手事太多了。 There are too many difficulties for us to _________ ______.
Key:①How/ do,with ②deal, with
12.still
1) 用作形容词，意为“静止的，不动的，平静的”。
如：keep(stay) still保持不动；lie(stand)still躺着（站着）不
动；a still lake/evening 平静的湖/寂静的夜晚。
2)用作副词，表示“还，仍旧”，可以修饰形容词、副词比较组。如：
be still busy仍然很忙;win still greater success取得更大成功。
3)辨析still,quiet,silent;still侧重“一动不动”，quiet指“安静”，无动作，无声音，无骚乱，其反义词是noisy（吵闹的、喧哗的）；silent指不出声，不说话。对比：sit still坐着不动；Be quiet,and the class will begin.请安静，马上就要开始上课了。
Hearing the answer,be was silent for a minute or more.听了回答之后，他沉默了一两分钟。
[应用]完成句子
①他个子高，他哥哥更高。He is tall,but his brother is _________ _________.
②我已经考虑了几个小时，但仍然不能决定。I have been thinking for hours, but I ______can’t decide.
Key:①still, talker ②still
13.hurt,wound
二者都有“受伤”之意，但含义有所不同。
Wound指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等，尤指战争、战斗中受伤。而hurt既指肉体上的也指精神上的伤害，含强烈疼痛意味。如：
be badly wounded in the battle 战斗中受重伤；
wound sb.to death 使某人受伤致死；
hurt one’s back摔伤了后背；hurt one’s feeling伤害某人的感情；be hurt by his words被他的话所伤害。
注意：A.wound可用作名词：
have a wound in the chest胸部受伤；receive a serious wound受重伤；the wounded伤员。
B.hurt还可用作不及物动词，表示“疼痛难受”对比：
The girl fell off her bike. She hurt one of her legs hurts. 姑娘从自行车上掉下来，有一条腿疼得厉害。
[应用]完成句子
① 这位战士头部受了伤.
The soldier ______ ______ _____in his head.
The soldier ______ _______in the head. The soldier head ______ ______.
②他们说我的那些话使我很伤心。I was rather__________by what they said about me.
③我右腿疼。My right foot ________.
④他的伤似乎是很重。It seemed that he _________badly_________.
Key:①received,a, would/was, wounded/was wounded ②hurt ③hurts ④was, hurt/wounded
14.happen句型归纳
(1)happen to do sth.(主语常为“人”)，意为“碰巧。恰好”。to 后可用不定式的一般式to do,完成式to have done进行式to be doing如：
You happened to be out when I came to your house. 我到你家时，你正好出去了。
She happened to have just finished reading the book. 碰巧她刚刚读完那本书。
The two salesmen happened to be quarrelling when the manager entered.
经理进去时两个售货员碰巧在吵架。
(2)It(so)happen that…“（如此）碰巧，恰好”。如：
It happens that he is a teacher of English. 恰好他是位英语老师。
It so happened that he was going that way too. 如此碰巧的是他也往那边走。
注意：句型1）和2）可互换，如：
I happened to have no money with me./It happened that I had no money with me. 我碰巧身上没带钱。
(3)happen to sb./sth. “某人/物出事，发生了……情况”。
如：What has happened to your hand?你的手怎么了？
Be careful not to let anything happen to that child. 小心别让那个孩子出任何事。
[应用]选择正确答案
①(MET’91) -We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time. -What do you suppose __________to her?
A.was happening B.to happen C.has happened D.having happened
②They happened to _______for Tianjin when we got there.(MET’)
A.leave B.have left C.leaving D.had left
③If anything __________you,let me know.
A.is happened to B.is happening C.happens on D.happens to
Key:①C ②B ③D
16.mistake短语归纳
1)用作名词：by mistake由于差错；make mistakes 出错；make no mistake没出错；correct one’s mistake改正错误；recognize one’s mistake承认错误；make mistake about sb./sth.误会（解）某人/事
2)用作动词：mistake one’s meaning误解某人的意思；mistake sb./sth.for错当成，误以为是……；be mistaken 弄错，错误的。
三、精典名题导解
题1 （上海 2001） Time will _________ whether I made the right choice or not.
A.seee B.say C.know D.tell
分析：D。tell意为“辨别”。
题2 （NMET 1998）They ___________the train until it disappeared in the distance
A.saw B.watched C.noticed D.observed
分析：B。题干中until it disappeared in the distance 表明“他们在注视着火车，直到它在视野中消失。”see(be able to use your eyes to look at things and know what they are);watch (look at and pay attention to something that is happening;);notice(see,hear,or feel something);observe(see and notice sth.)从上面内容可知答案为B。
题3 （上海 1994）Either you or the headmaster__________the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.
A.is handing out B.are to hand out C.are handing out D.is to hand out
分析：D。句中表按预定的计划做某事，而hand out 不是表示“出发、动身”等意的瞬间动词，因此不能用现在进行时表示将来时，不能选A或C。另外either…or + 主语 + v.结构中的动词单复数形式应与靠近的主语一致。
题4 （上海 2002）It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I __________in love,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A.wouldn’t have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall
分析：B。虚拟语气。
题5 （MET 1992） We _________last night,but we went to the concert instead.
A.must have studied B.might sutdy C.should have studied D.would study
分析：C。从but一词表示转折来看，前句应与后句相反，所以前句应为“过去本应做的事，而未做。”
题6 （NMET 1995） It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___________be here at any moment.
A.must B.meed C.should D.can
分析：C。题干中有be expected to，或具有一种对现在的推测意味，可用should.
题7 （NMET 1994） I told Sally how to get there,but perhaps I________for her.
A.had to write it out B.must have written it out C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out
分析：C。此题表示“过去本应该做而未做”。
题8 （NMET 1998）
-When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They ________be ready by 12:00.
A.can B.should C.might D.need
分析：B。此题表示对未来情况的推测意味。
（SB2-units9-10）
一、考点精析与拓展
1.重点单词
fit mile Russia bank present dirty pour test separately square
lecture damage area pollution cattle desert cause limit gradually sight power living probably entire run choice note change fool order right pleasant assistant customer fault foolish tailor trust judge apologize bill perfect bottom powerful equal pure serve
2.重点短语
turn…into… 把……变成 blow away 刮走，吹走 go off 走开 die out 灭绝
be fit for 适合于 time and time again 多次；不断地 lose one’s sight 丧失视力
to one’s joy 令人高兴的是 in danger 处于危险境地 depend 依靠，依赖 get off 脱下
put down 记下 keep back 留下 give back 退还 or else 否则 be after 追寻，寻找
change … for 用……来换 do sb. a favour 帮某人一个忙 drop in on 拜访某人
make … to one’s own measure 依照某人的尺寸做……put sb. to the trouble of doing 麻烦某人做某事
take … as 把……当作 make an apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
3.重点句型
What is … like?/How is /are … ?
How do you like/find?/What do you think of ?/It’s thought that/once…
Why can’t you …? Why don’t you …?
Is there anything the matter?
So does this one.
4.交际英语
There seems to be something wrong with it. I can’t possibly use it.
I would like you to change…
You sold me a … that I can’t use any more.
I insist you give me my money back.
Why can’t you do something about it?
5.语法
学习过去分词在句中作定语、状语和表语。
no matter +疑问词引导的让步状语从句；直接引语变间接引语；as if引导方式状语从句和表语从句。
二、考点精析与拓展
1.die out 熄灭；绝种；逐渐消失。如：
①The fire died out .火灭了。
②That talkative man’s voice died out.那个健谈的人的声音渐渐地听不见了。
2.the + 形容词（分词）表示一类人的用法。
常见的短语有：
the old(young; rich; poor; learned; living…).如：
The living should carry out what the dead unfinished. 活着的人（后人）应该把前人未竞事业进行到底。
3.no more than①(=noly)仅仅，不过。②两者都不。如：
①What can I do, I’m no more than a citizen. 我能怎么样，我只不过是个平民百姓。
②Tom is no cleverer than Jack. 汤姆和杰克都不聪明。
但是：no