【单元知识纲要】
类别
语言项目
备注
语音
①20个单元双元音音素
②28个辅音音素
掌握
词汇
Melbourne partner fridge rabbit Christmas during fun get-together shower showery across suppose
how often less/more than a year the Spring Festival the year of the horse How is everything going?
日常
交际
用语
How often are you ill?
Help yourself to…
复习8至13单元的日常交际用语
语法
复习8至13单元出现的语法现象
核心知识
【常用单词积累】
Melbourne show partner never often fridge rabbit duck Christmas card during fun just get-together shower showery across dark suppose away form less than more than how long how often how far how much on the left/right help oneself to Christmas card/Day the spring Festival the year of the horse write to How is everything going?
【基础知识精讲】
1.These pictures show what Bob did yesterday.这些图片表明昨天鲍勃作了什么。
(1)show“显示”、“表明”、“给…看”的意思。如:
①Let me show you the photo.我来把照片显示给你们看。
②Li Hua will show you the way.李华会给你指路的。
(2)What Bob did yesterday是句中 show的宾语，显然这是个宾语从句，what是该句的关系代词，注意从句中仍然是陈述句语序。如:
①Can you tell me how I can get to the station？
你能告诉我怎样才能到达车站吗？
②He asked Jack what time he went to bed yesterday.
他问杰克昨天几点钟睡觉。
(3)注意句中图片显示(说明图片)应用一般现在时态(show)，从句为过去时间发生事情当然用一般过去时(did)。
2.How much is the pork，please？请问猪肉多少钱？
how much在此句中表示“多少钱”。 how much还可以修饰不可数名词，意思是“多少”。如:
①How much water do you need？你们需要多少水？
②How much chicken is there？有多少鸡肉？
3.But we need some more.可是我们需要些更多的。
类似 some more的用法有:
(在听完某人的陈述后问)Any more？还有要说的吗？(回答可以说)No more.(没有了)
4.It’ll be the year of the horse.(那将会是马年)
the year of the monkey猴年
the year of the snake蛇年
5.Each of us will bring some food.我们每个人会带来些食物。
(1)each作形容词用时，与every的意义在表面上极相似，但在内涵上each着重个别的情况如:
Each dog has a name.每一条狗有它自己的名字。
every则着重全体的情况，用every一字不过表示其中没有一个例外而已。
Every dog has a name.每一条狗(全部的狗)都有名字。
(2)each作代词时，是单数。
Each of the three has a different teacher.三个人中各人有各人的教师。
6.I hear a bird sing.我听到一只鸟歌唱。
hear后接的不定式 sing省略了to。这类用法请参见第 11单元［重点难点解析3］
【重点难点解析】
1.How often are you ill？你生病的情况怎么样？(你多长时间生一次病？)
How often是针对动作的频率、次数等的疑问词。其回答除次数外，还可以是 sometimes／usually／always／never等，例如:
①How often do you see a film？ Once a week.
你多久看一次电影？一周一次。
②How often are you late for school？Quite often.
你上学多久迟到一次？太频繁了。(太多次了)。
2.I think we need to buy some meat for my birthday party.
我想我们需要为我的生日聚会买些肉。
(1)need作情态动词用时，后加动词原形，但多用于否定句和疑问句中。例如:
She needn’t buy a new watch.她无需买新手表。
(2)need作实义动词，后加不定式，并随人称，时态的改变而改变，此时，它可以用于各种句式中。上面两句话可以说成:
She doesn’t need to buy a new watch.
Do we need to do it again？
试比较:
You need take your coat with you.(错误)
You need to take your coat with you.(正确)
3.Help yourself to…随便(吃)…
Help oneself(to…)是指待客人时常用的一句客套话。介词 to后接名词或代词，意为:“别客气”、“请随便吃”、“请自便”。如:
①Help yourselves to some fish.请吃些鱼。
②Please help yourselves to the apples on the table.桌上的苹果请随便吃。
4.How is everything going？一切进行得怎样？
(1)everything，不定代词，应理解为单数。every，some, any, no和body，one，thing构成合成代词，这类不定代词作主语时，谓语应用单数形式。如:
①Is everyone here today？今天大家都在这里吗(到齐了吗)？
②There is something strange in the sky.天空中有些奇怪的东西。
(2)go此处指事情的进展。类似用法如:
①Ready？Go！准备好了吗？开始！
②I can’t make it any better，so let it go.我不能改善它，所以让它保持现状。
典型例题
【课本难题解答】
练习册P150第1题
1.长大，grow up，时态一般现在时，故不变。
2.出去，go out，不定式后接动词原形，故不变。
3.翻了，turn over，时态为一般过去时，则应为 turned over.
4.一直，副词短语，all the time.
5.上上下下，介词短语，up and down
6.继续，go on，时态为一般过去时，应用:went on.
7.同意某人agree with sb时态为一般过去时，故应为:agreed with.
8.不到，less than；迟到late for…
【有关"Unit 14 Mainly revision" 的教学设计】
教学设计1. 初二英语 Lesson 56
前言
Properties: Recorder
学习目标：
Teaching Objectives:
Students should master the phonetic symbols and the pronunciations of the letters and some letter clusters
Language Focus:
Phonetics:
vowels:
|i:| |i| |[:| |[| |u:| |u| |e|
|R:| |R| |ei| |ai| |IR| |UE| |A|
|uE| |I[| |[Z| |Eu| |a:| |Q|
consonant:
|p| |t| |k| |f| |s| ||P| |s|
|b| |d| |g| |v| |z| |e| |V|
|Ft| |Vd| |tr| |dr| |ts| |dz| |w|
|j| |m| |n| |N| |l| |r| |h|
教案内容：
内容1：教学过程
教学设计2. 初二英语 Lesson 55
前言
Properties: Recorder
学习目标：
Teaching Objectives:
Students should master the expressions in the dialogue and be able to answer the questions.
Language Focus:
put in / come back
over there / on the floor
pick it up / Better late than
never / come round
教案内容：
内容1：教学过程
教学设计3. 初二英语 Lesson 54
前言
Properties: Recorder
学习目标：
Teaching Objectives:
Students should master “Why”questions in the Simple Past Tense, and some pairs of opposite.
Language Focus:
Opposites
old-new, big-small
inside-outside, long-short
closed-open, light-heavy
cheap-dear (expensive)
late-early, down-up
full-empty, tall-short
night-day
教案内容：
内容1：教学过程
教学设计4. 初二英语 Lesson 53
前言
Properties: Recorder
学习目标：
Teaching Objectives:
Students should master the useful expressions used when buying things, and some new words
Language Focus:
in the fridge
kilo
dear-cheap
a piece of
教案内容：
内容1：教学过程
【关于“Unit 14 Mainly revision”的常见问题】
常见问题1: 初二英语上学期第十四单元1
问题：
阅读
Every Saturday，Nasreddin went to the market to buy food and other things.He put them in a big 1，but he was old and weak， 2 he always paid another man to carry the basket home for him. But one Saturday，while he was walking home in front of the man 3 the basket，the man 4 away with it.
The next Saturday，when Nasreddin went to the market 5，a friend of his said，“Look，there he is！That man took away your things last week！”
Nasreddin at once hid(躲藏)behind a shop，and stayed there 6 the man left the market.
His friend was very surprised(吃惊).“ 7 die you do that？”he asked.
“Well，” said Nasreddin，“that man was 8 my basket when he left me a week ago. He will want me to pay him for seven days’ 9,and that will cost(花)me 10 than a basket full of things！”
1.A. desk B. basket C. bag D. pocket
2.A. because B. and C. then D. so
3.A. with B. without C. had D. carried
4.A. ran B. took C. moved D. got
5.A. once B. first C. too D. again
6.A. before B. after C. until D. when
7.A. What B. How C. When D. Why
8.A. carrying B. taking C. moving D. holding
9.A. rest B. work C. money D. food
10.A. less B. more C. the same D. much less
解答:
答案：
1-5 B D A A D 6-10 C D A B B
此题仍要注意上下文联系对整个语篇理解的作用，同时注意各个选项的区别与用法。
常见问题2: 初二英语上学期第十四单元2
问题：
do you help the farmers？
A. How long
B. How far
C. How soon
D. How often
解答:
分析 答案(D)，how long(时间)多长 how far(距离)多远 how soon(时间)多久 how often(针对动作频率和次数提问)怎样
常见问题3: 初二英语上学期第十四单元3
问题：
The form shows ______ next week.
A. what are we going to do
B. what we are going to do
C. what we did
D. what did we do
解答:
分析 答案(B)，从句中应用陈述句语序，而C项时态不对。
常见问题4: 初二英语上学期第十四单元4
问题：
Li Hua was never away from school last year， ？
A. wasn’t he
B. was she
C. didn’t she
D. is he
解答:
分析 答案(B)，never为否定词。
常见问题5: 初二英语上学期第十四单元5
问题：
- is the meat，please？
- .
A. How many，seven yuan a kilo.
B. How much，a kilo seven yuan.
C. How much，seven yuan a kilo.
D. How many，a kilo seven yuans.
解答:
分析 答案(C)。
常见问题6: 初二英语上学期第十四单元6
问题：
Please sit at the table.Help some oranges.
A.your
B.you
C.yourself
D.yourselfs
解答:
分析 答案(C)
常见问题7: 初二英语上学期第十四单元7
问题：
This is the weather report the world tomorrow.
A. to，to
B. across，to
C. across，for
D. to，for
解答:
分析 答案(C)。
常见问题8: 初二英语上学期第十四单元8
问题：
－You look so nice in the blue sweater.(江西中考)
－_______.
A. That’s all right
B. Not at all
C. Thank you
D. I don’ t mind
解答:
分析 答案(C)，对别人的称赞应回答谢谢。
常见问题9: 初二英语上学期第十四单元9
问题：
－May I watch TV，Mum？(西安中考)
－No，you .You do your homework first.
A. don’t，must
B. can’t must
C. don’t can’t
D. can’t， can’t
解答:
分析 答案(B)，may提问时，否定回答可用can’t或 mustn’t。根据题意，后面空中应用must。
常见问题10: 初二英语上学期第十四单元10
问题：
－Help yourself to some fish.(大连中考)
- .
A. Thank you
B. That’s good
C. All right
D. Certainly
解答:
分析 答案(A)，礼貌常用语。
课后练习1：课后练习
一、[单项填空]：
( )1．got up late, I ________ run to school yesterday.
A．have B．has to
C．had to D．have to
( ) 2．Her grandfather is old, ____ he goes on working.
A．and B．but C．so D．for
二、[单项填空]：
( )1．The days get _____ in summer than in spring．
A．long B．longer
C．longest D．more long
( )2．________America does he come from？
A．Which part B．Which part of
C．Which D．Where
( )3．_____you finish the work in _____ hour？
A．Can; an B．Can; a
C．May; a D．Must; a
( )4．There____a school_______theend of the street.
A．are; at B．is; at
C．be; in D．was; on
课后练习1：课后练习答案
一、解：
①选C ②选B
二、解：
①选B。 ②选B。 ③选A。 ④选B。
课后练习1：课后练习
一、[用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空]：
1．My brother is one of the best _______in the factory. (work)
2．“Can you look after_________ when I'm away？”“Yes, I can.” (you)
3．September is the _____ month of they ear. (nine)
4．Which is ____, beef or pork？ (popular)
5．Lin Tao often helps Han Meimei with____ ( she)English.
二、[单项填空]：
( )1．Everyone____good at English in our class.
A．are B．is C．am D．has
( ) 2．Does Betty write _____ than her sister？
A．careful B．carefully
C．more carefully D．more careful
( )3．______, may I speak to Xiao Lang？
A．Excuse me B．I'm sorry
C．OK D．Hello
( ) 4．Her brother was born ______ May3rd 1981．
A．in B．on C．at D．to
课后练习1：课后练习答案
一、解 ：
①workers.
②yourself.
③ninth.
④more popular.
⑤her.
二、解：
①选B。
②选C，修饰动词write用副词carefully。
③选A。
④选B。
课后练习1：课后练习
一、[单项填空]：
( )1．Thank you for______ to see me.
A．come B．coming
C．came D．to come
( )2．Don't forget_____ your hands before meals.
A．washing B．wash
C．to wash D．washed
( )3．-Pass me a cup of coffee, please.-_______.
A．Here are you
B．Here you are
C．You are here
D．Are you here
二、[单项填空]：
( )1．I’m very_____，but I can't go shop-ping with you．
A．sorry B．happy
C．easy D．afraid
( )2．Could I speak _____ Jim？
A．to B．for C．with D．at
( )3．I____ enjoyed the story.
A．real B．sure
C．very D．really
课后练习1：课后练习答案
一、解：
①选B，介词for后加动名词。
②选C。
③选B。
二、解：
①选A，表婉转拒绝。
②选A。
③选D。