授课人：郭礼文 时间： 班级：
一、目标再现
1．能够熟练运用所学知识来谈论"运动"，特别是一些和生活密切相关的运动项目。
2．掌握本单元的有关"water sports"的单词和短语，能听、说、读部分地名，重点掌握 no mater，both…and…，all over等短语或习惯用语的用法。
3．进一步学习现在完成时态，特别注意它与already，just，yet，very等词的连用，同时能够区别它们的用法。
4．能够熟练运用现在完成时态，用它来表达由过去开始，和现在相联系的动作或影响，能够区别一般过去时与现在完成时的不同。
5．运用本单元所学知识来描述某一运动。如：the Olympic Games或surfing或diving等。
二、重点难点解析
1．What's the surfing like today? 今天冲浪怎么样？
surf作名词，意为"拍岸之浪，拍岸浪花"；作动词用，意为"冲浪，作冲浪运动"。surfing是surf的动名词形式，surfer意为"冲浪者，冲浪运动员"。surfing是一项水上运动，水上运动的项目还有water－skiing滑水，water polo水球，dive跳水，Swim游泳。
2．Have you ever been to Hawaii? 你去过夏威夷吗？
have been to. . .意思是"到过，去过"，表示曾到过某地，但此时人已不在那儿了。而have gone to…意思是"去了某地"，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那个地方了，而不在说话人处。例如：
（1）Have you ever been to Hong Kong? 你曾经去过香港吗？
（2）Jim has gone to England. 吉姆去英国了。
（3）Where is Lily? Has she gone to the library? 莉莉在哪儿？她去图书馆了吗？
3．The beaches there are better than the ones here 中的the ones如何理解和使用？
这里的ones代表前面出现beaches。one用于表示前面同名称的一类事物。ones表示复数概念。例如：
－Have you a watch? -Yes, I have a good one.
一你有表吗？一有，我有一块好表。
-Have you got any pens? -Yes, I have got many good ones.
一你有钢笔吗？一有，我有许多好钢笔。
注意：在用one（ones）作代词时，有几点要慎重：
①序数词不能用one代替，伴有基数词的名词可用one，ones代替。例如：
As we have finished the first chapter, now we'll read the second.
我们读完了第一章，现在读第二章了。
（不能将 the second改为 one）
He has two red pencils and two blue ones.
他有两支红铅笔和两支蓝铅笔。
②it（them）和one（ones）同是作代词，代替前面出现的事，但用法不同。
让用于同名称的同样事物；one用于同名称的另一样东西。例如：
-Have you still the radio set? -No. I have sold it.
一你有收音机吗？一没有，我把它卖了。
（这里的订是指前面的the radio set，它们是同一个无线电收音机。）
-Is this fountain pen yours? -No, it is my sister's. Mine is the one on the table.
一这支自来水钢笔是你的吗？一不，它是我姐姐的。我的是桌上那一支。
（这里的one不是前面的那支fountain pen，它们不是同一支自来水钢笔。）
-Do you want the watch? -Yes, I want it.
一你要买那块表吗？一想买那块表。
（同一块表，it即：the watch）
-What are pandas like? -I've never seen one, so I don't know what they are like.
一熊猫是什么样的？一我从来没见到过，所以不知道熊猫是什么样子。
（one这里泛指同类事物中的一样东西）
4．I don't know how to surf. 我不知道怎样冲浪。
how to surf是"疑问词 + 动词不定式"作宾语。英语中，"疑问词 +动词不定式"可作一些及物动词的宾语，疑问词可以是what，which，who，whose等疑问代词，也可以是when，where，how等疑问副词。可以用此结构作宾语的动词有：know，decide，find out，tell，forget，remember，see，understand等。这类简单句往往是由（含特殊疑问句变成的宾语从句的）复合句转化改写而成。例如：
（1）She didn't know which blouse to buy. ( = She didn't know which blouse she should buy.) 她不知道该买哪件衬衫。
（2）I'm thinking about what to say. ( = I'm thinking about what I should say. ) 我在考虑说什么。
5．Now it is enjoyed by people all over the world. 现在全世界的人都喜欢这项运动。
is enjoyed是被动语态，by people all over the world 被全世界的人。这一句也可改写成： People all over the world enjoy it now.
6．It's neither too hot nor too cold all the year round. 全年天气既不太冷也不太热。
neither… nor… 既不……也不……，它们可以用来连接相同的两个句子成分或词类。如果连接的是主语，则谓语与第二个主语保持一致。
例：(1) He isn't a student. I'm not a student.
Neither he nor I am a student.
(2) He doesn't speak French. He doesn't speak Japanese.
He speaks neither French nor Japanese.
Neither…nor的完全肯定形式是：both…and或not only…but also。
但both…and如连接主语，则谓语动词用复数，not only…but also与第二个主语保持一致。
例：He likes singing. I like singing, too.
Both he and I like singing. ( = Not only he but also I like singing. )
7. Li Lida, a 12-year-old schoolboy first tried to cross the Qiongzhou Channel in June, 2000.
在2000年6月，一个12岁的男生李立达第一次试着横渡琼州海峡。
（1）21-year-old在这里可以看作是一个合成词，作形容词用，用来修饰schoolboy。在英语中，"数字+量词"构成的复合形容词，中间要加连字符号，量词用单数形式。
例如：100-metre race 一百米赛跑。
two-month holiday两个月的假期。
试比较：The boy is five years old.
He s a five-year-old boy.
（2）cross为动词，是"越过、穿过"的意思。意思相近的词有：through（prep）．穿过，指从……（内部或空间）中穿行，across（prep）．横过，指从物体的表面由这边到另一边。另外，through可作副词用。
cross与across含义基本相同，但cross是动词。over也可表示"横过；通过"，着重强调越过某物，从高空中越过。
例：（1）Jack was through with the English test.
杰克通过了这次英语测试。
（2）The old lady crossed the street carefully and slowly.
那老妇人慢慢地、小心地走过街去。
（3）The ship passed through the bridge.
轮船过了桥。（从桥下穿过）
（4）The boy climbed over the wall to get his ball.
那男孩爬过墙去取球。
（5）The blind man walked across the street slowly.
那盲人慢慢地走过街道。
8．His teacher, Mr Feng, spoke highly of his students 中的speak highly of ?
这里的speak highly of是指"高度评价"，"赞扬"的意思。例如：
The teachers present all spoke highly of his spirits.
在场的老师都称赞他的精神。
We should speak highly of his saving the girl in the cold water against the risk of his life.
他冒着生命危险，在寒冷的水中救出这个女孩子，应该受到赞颂。
He was spoken highly of by the girl's parents.
他受到了女孩子父母的赞扬。
有关speak的一些词组：
speak ill of 说……坏话
speak for 充当……代言人
speak for oneself 为自己辩护
speak sb fair 对某人彬彬有礼说话
to speak of 值得一提（常用于否定句中）
9．He is not only the pride of our school but also the pride of all the people in Hainan.
他不仅是我们学校的骄傲，也是海南全体人民的骄傲。
not only…but also意思是"不仅……而且"，应连接相同的语法成分。当连接主语时，谓语动词采用就近原则，即随后面的主语而定。例如：
（l）Not only you but also your father is coming. 不但你，而且你父亲也要来。（连接主语）
（2）Jane is not only beautiful but also kind. 珍妮不但漂亮，而且人非常好。（连接表语）
（3）He plays not only the piano but also the violin. 他不仅弹钢琴，还拉小提琴。（连接宾诺）
（4）They not only sing but also dance. 他们不但唱还跳。（连接谓语）
10．no matter +what/who/which/when/where /how
无论……。No matter这个词组可以用来接两个分句，不能只用于一个分句。另外，no matter后面用的是现在时，其含义却是将来。
No matter what you say, I won't believe you.
无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。（解释是没有用的）
No matter who telephones, say I'm out. 无论谁打电话来，都说我出去了。
No matter when you come, you'll be more than welcome.
无论你什么时候来，你都会受到热烈地欢迎。
No matter how hard you try, you'll never lose your English accent.
无论你怎么努力，你都不会改掉你的英文口音。
11. none，neither
none一般指三者或三者以上"都不"，是代词all的反义词。当谈到两个人或两件事的时候，不用non，而用nether，意思是"两者都不"，是代词both的反义词。none和none of作主语时，谓语动词即可以用单数形式，也可以用复数形式。当表示一个人或物"都不"时，一般用单数形式；当表示所有的人或物"都不"时，一般用复数形式。当它在非正式的文体中更常用复数形式。neither，neither of作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。但如果是neither…nor…"既不……也不；两者都不"作主语时，谓语动词根据nor后面的主语而定（也称为邻近原则）。
None of her students are/is here．她的学生中没有一个在这里。
None of those buses go to Tianjin.
那些公共汽车没有一辆是开到天津去的。
Neither of her parents helps her. 她的父母都不帮助她。
Neither of the two boys is right. 这两个男孩没一个对。
Neither Tom nor I have been to New York.
汤姆和我都没去过纽约。
Neither you nor he has come home early. 你和他都未早回家。
12． journey和trip的区别
（1）journey适用范围很广，可指陆路、海程或飞程。但在距离较短时一般不用这个词。
It's over 40-hour journey by train from Beijing to Yunnan.
从北京到云南乘火车需要四十多小时的路程。
Have a good journey! 祝你旅途愉快！
（2）trip严格说来指"短途旅行"，目的可以是公事或娱乐。但在日常用语中也可与 journey互换。
We're planning to make a trip to the Great Wall.
我们正计划去长城游览一次。
三、典型例题解答与分析
1. It was dark, but they went on ______. They never work so late, though they worked late last night. Now they are not working, they are having a rest.
A. work B. to work C. worked D. working
分析与解答：go on doing sth．意为"继续做某事"，go on to do sth．意为"接着做另外一件事"。根据题意，本题答案为D。例如：He didn't have a rest but went on running. 他没有休息而是继续跑了。
2. - Who jumps _____in your class?
- Li Ming. He cleared the 1.6 meter ban last week.
A. high B. highest C. the most highly D. tallest
分析与解答 high表示"高的，高地"，既可以作形容词又可以作副词。highly adv. 表示："高度的，高尚的"等， think highly of somebody 意思是器重某人，speak highly of somebody意思是"称赞某人"。在这里表示跳得高，只要用 high就可以，又根据in the class所以用最高级，选B。tall主要用来表示形容人或物的高低。
3. 根据句意选择合适的词语填空。
1). The important thing is to be good at ______.
We must ______ this problem carefully, (study, learn)
2). When you _______a street, you must walk _______it quickly and not run. (cross, across)
3). During this holiday, I'm going to make a long _______ with my family. (journey, trip)
4). My son is my ________. He can speak English very well.
I'm ______of knowing the football star. (pride, proud)
5). The children have ______made a snowman. They are singing and dancing around it.
The children made a snowman ______. (just, just now)
6). ______ Tom ______ I are happy to be your students.
______ Tom ______ I am good at painting. (both…and…, neither…nor…)
答案
1)．learning 此句意思是：重要的事情是要学会学习。）study（我们必须认真研究这个问题。研究用study。）
2)．Cross, across（第一个空需要一个动词，而第二个空由于前面有动词walk所以需要一个介词。）
3)．journey（长途旅行用journey）
4)．pride（意思是我的儿子是我的骄傲。用名词。）proud（我以认识那位球星为荣。用be proud of句型。）
5)．just（第一句是现在完成时的句子，所以用just表示刚堆完雪人，不强调具体什么时间堆，而主要强调雪人堆完后现在孩子们的心情。）just now（第二句动词用过去时，强调过去的具体某个时间做的这件事。译文是：孩子们刚才堆的雪人。）
6)．both…and…（此句关键词是are和students。Both…and…做主语时谓语动词用复数形式。）neither…nor…（此句关键词是am。因为这个词组做生语时谓语动词根据紧挨着的人称而定。所以nor后面的主语是I因此动词用am。）
四、习题精选 初三英语总复习单元自查练习（UNIT 2）疑难解答。（本习题课前发给学生）
Ⅰ．根据句意和首字母补全单词。
1. Henry often goes surfing and he is a good s______.
2. Hangzhou is f______ for silk.
3. I think surfing is the most interesting a______ the water sports.
4. I hope that one day surfing will be an event of the O______ Games.
5. We are very p______ of our son.
答案：1. surfer 2. famous 3. among 4. Olympic 5. proud
Ⅱ．根据句意，找出与句中画线部分意思相同或相近的选项。
1. I'm not full. I want another two cakes. A. other two B. two more C. two many
2. We have never learned about such a thing. A. listened to B. heard C. heard of
3. The villagers go out for work all the year round.
A. the whole year B. all the year C. whole the year
4. Lei Feng came from a poor family. A. was born in B. born in C. is from D. is born in
5. I met an old friend while I was going home.
A. on my way to home B. to my way home C. on my way home D. on my home way
答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C
Ⅲ．用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The waves in Hawaii are _____ in the world. (high)
2. During his study in England, he works in a restaurant as a_____. (wait)
3. I was ______ tonight because I saw an ______ film. (excite).
4. I think Waikiki is one of the best _______for racing boats in Honolulu. (beach )
5. Every morning you can find many people ______ their bikes to workplace. (ride)
6. Every year, water sports attract large numbers of ______(tour) to the islands.
答案：1. the highest 2. waiter 3. excited, exciting 4. beaches 5. riding 6. tourists
Ⅳ. 选择填空
1. ______ is one of the water sports.
A. Water-ski B. Water-skiing C. Water-sking D. Watering-skiing
2. The film is very ____. Tom is very ____.
A. exciting, excited B. excited, exciting C. exciting, exciting D. excited, excited
3. ____the weather will be like tomorrow, we II go surfing.
A. No matter how B. No matter what's C. No matter what D. No matter if
4. The river near our village is about ____long.
A. three-hundreds-metres B. three-hundred-metre
C. three-hundred-metres D. three hundred metres
5. He has not had a night ____for two weeks, but he still feels ____.
A. off, happy B. away, happily C. off, happily D. away, happy
6. It makes him ____. A. feel angrily B. feel angry C. to feel angry D. feeling angry
7. It's ____good food that we all like it very much. A. so a B. such a C. so D. such
8. When you ____the street, you must look first. A. across B. go cross C. cross D. goes across
9. Look! Mrs. Green is talking ____the students of Class I on the ground.
A. among B. in the middle of C. between D. at
10. Her teacher thinks ____other. A. high B. highly C. well D. good
11. Lei Feng is the ____of all the people in China. A. pride B. proud C. prideful D. proudly
12. -Have you finished your homework______? -No, not______.
A. already, already B. yet, yet C. already, yet D. yet, already
13. Neither you or he ______ Hawaii before.
A. has gone to B. have gone to C. have been to D. has been to
14. Xi'an is very famous ______Terra Cotta Warriors. A. to B. of C. in D. for
15. Bruce has lived here ______last year. A. / B. for C. before D. since
16. Waikiki is one of the best beaches ______ surfing in Honolulu. A. to B. for C. with D. in
17. I've never ______ him before. A. heard of B. hear from C. heard to D. hear of
18. They were very proud______ their daughter. A. for B. of C. with D. about
19. Then he slowed ______ as the wind became stronger and the waves higher.
A. under B. below C .down D .slowly
20. All of us except him _______ to Beijing. A. have gone B. has gone C. have been D. has been
答案：1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. B
11. A 12. B 13. D 14. D 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C
Ⅴ．完成句子
1．游泳是夏天最受欢迎的运动之一。____ is ____ ____ the ____ ____ sports in summer.
2．他找到了一个晚上在餐馆做服务员的工作。He ____ a job ____ a ____ in a ____ at night.
3．我们中没一个到过旧金山。____ of ____ ____ ____ to San Francisco.
4．虽然他很累，他仍继续坚持工作。____ he was very tired, he still ____ ____ ____.
5．无论你去那儿，都会看到可口可乐。______ ______where you go, you'll find Coca-Cola.
答案：1.Swimming, one, of, most, popular 2. found, as, waiter, restaurant
3. None, us, has/ have, been 4. Although, went, on, working 5. No, matter
Ⅵ．改写下列句子。
1. I've never been to the Capital Cinema, ______ _____? (改选择疑问句)
2. An elephant is a kind of strong and big animal. (就画线部分提问)
_____ ______ ______ animal is an elephant?
3. We had done that already. (变一般疑问句子) ______ ______ done that ______?
4. Mary won the race. Tom won the race, too. ____ Mary ____ Tom ____ the race.
5. I really don't know how I can mend the bike. I really don't know____ ____ ____ the bike.
6. He isn't a teacher. He isn't a worker. He is _____ a teacher _____ a worker.
答案：1. have, I 2. What, kind, of 3. Have, you, yet
4. Both, and, won 5. how, to, mend 6. neither, nor
Ⅶ. 补全对话，每空一词。
A: Hello, Are you free this weekend?
B: Nothing ______,why ?
A: Look at the sun and the wave is great. We're going to surf on Bondi Beach. Would you like to ______with us?
B: That's wonderful. But I ____ ____before. And I don't know ____ ____surf at all.
A: Don't be afraid. I'll ______you.
B: Thanks, but is it too hard ______me?
A: Not too hard. You just need ______ ______.
B: I'm sure it will be fun! And maybe I'll become a good surfer.
答案：much, go, haven't surfed, how, to, show, for, more, practice
Ⅷ. 完形填空
Swimming is very popular in summer. People like swimming in summer because water makes them 1 cool. If you like swimming but swim in a 2 place, it may not be safe. These years, more than ten people 3 while they were enjoying themselves in the water and 4 of them were students. But some people are 5 not careful in swimming. They often think they swim so 6 that nothing can happen to them in water. Summer is here again. If you go swimming in summer, don't forget 7 better swimmers have died in water. They died because they were not careful, not because they 8 swim. So don't get into water when you are alone. 9 there is a "No Swimming" sign, don't get into water, 10 . If you remember these, swimming will be safer.
1. A. felt B. to feel C. feeling D. feel 2. A. difficult B. wrong C. right D. small
3. A. have died B. die C. died D. will die 4. A. much B. more C. lot D. most
5. A. still B. already C. yet D. even 6. A. will B. often C. fast D. hard
7. A. what B. who C. which D. that 8. A. needn't B. wouldn't C. couldn't D. musn't
9. A. Because B. If C. Whether D. Though 10. A. also B. nor C. either D. too
答案：1. D 2. B 3.C 4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. C
Ⅸ. 阅读理解
A
Almost everybody likes to play. All over the world men and women, boys and girls enjoy sports. Sports help people to keep healthy. They help people to live happily.
Sports change with the seasons. People play different games in winters and summers. Sailing is fun in warm weather, but skating is good in winter.
Games and sports often grow out of the work people do. The Arabs are famous for their horses and camels. They use them in their work, and they use them in their sports events, too. Hunting and fishing are very good sports－but millions of people hunt and fish for a living.
People from different countries may not be able to understand each other, but after a game on the sports field, they often become good friends. Sports help to train(训练)a person's character(性格). One learns to fight fair and hard, to win without pride and to lose with grace(体面) .
( ) 1 . Which of the following is not true?
A. Sports help people to keep healthy. B. Sports help people to live happily.
C. Sports help to train a person's character. D. Sports can make people become enemies. (敌人)
( ) 2. A The word "enjoy" in the sentence. "All over the world men and women, boys and girls enjoy sports." means ____.
A. dislike B. go in for C. be afraid of D. support
( ) 3. People from different countries often become good friends ____.
A. as soon as they meet B. after they understand
C. after they play a game on the sports field D. before they see each other
( ) 4. Which of the following is true?
A. Lots of people make a living by hunting and fishing. B. People only go hunting in winter.
C. The Arabs are good hunters. D. Hunting and fishing are very good for the people.
( ) 5. The writer tells us ____.
A. one should fight hard but not fair. B. one should fight fair but not hard.
C. one should not become proud when he wins. D. one should not feel happy when he wins.
答案：1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C
B
Skin-diving is a new sport today. This sport takes you into a wonderful new world. It is like a visit to the moon! When you are under water, it is easy for you to climb big rocks, because you are no longer heavy.
Here, under water, everything is blue and green. During the day, there is enough light. When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands.
When you have tanks of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time. But you must be careful when you dive in deep water.
To catch fish is one of the most interesting parts of this sport. Besides (而且), there are most uses for skin-diving. You can clean ships without taking them out of the water. You can get many things from the deep sea.
Now you see that skin-diving is both useful and interesting.
1. Skin-diving will take you to ______.
A. the moon B. be in danger C. mountains D. the deep sea
2. You can climb the big rocks under water because ______.
A you are stronger B. the fish nearby help you
C. you are not as heavy as on the land D. there is a lot of light
3. Under water, a skin-diver _______in the day- time.
A. can see everything clearly B. can't see anything clearly
C. can see nothing D. can see only fishes
4. With a tank of air on your back, you can ______.
A. catch fish very easily B. stay under water for a long time
C. be in safe place D. have more fun
5. Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
A. Skin-diving is a new sport. B. Skin-diving is like visiting the moon.
C. The only use of skin-diving is to have more fun.
D. Skin-diving is both interesting and useful.
答案：1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C
Ⅹ.书面表达
你刚从海南岛假回来，享受了阳光，沙滩，冲浪，美食……根据本单元所学的内容，用英语写一篇大约50字左右的短文。
五、布置作业
1、预习UNIT 3
2、完成练习：初三英语总复习单元自查练习（UNIT 3）
3、摘录疑难问题
六、课后反思