V-ing 的用法导学案
一、V-ing的基本形式是有动词+ing构成，具有名词、形容词、及副词的性质。否定形式为not doing。有时态和语态的变化
时 态 和 语 态
形式 主 动 被 动
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
二、V-ing在句子中的作用
V-ing在句子中可以做_____________________________________。
（一）v-ing 形作主语
Eg: Reading makes a man perfect.
Writing an English composition is not easy
用it作形式主语 , V-ing形式作真正的主语 ，常用这些句型结构 ：
(二)、 v-ing形式作表语
1. V-ing 形式作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为，这种V-ing形式功能相当于名词。
eg: My job is teaching English.
His hobby is collecting stamps.
2. V-ing形式作表语，意为“令人……的”。此时的V-ing形式的功能相当于形容词，说明人或物所具有的特征。
His job is very interesting.
这类V-ing形式常见的有：
(三) v-ing形式作宾语
1.作动词的宾语
eg: We don’t allow _________(smoke)
I enjoy __________(listen) to English songs.
在英语中只接v-ing作宾语的常见动词有
2.、作介词的宾语
常见的带介词to的短语，后接-ing或名词。
(四) v-ing形式作定语
1.单个的动词-ing形式可以作________，一般具有两种含义
① 说明被修饰名词的______________。
a reading room =a room which is used for reading
a swimming pool=a pool which is used for swimming
② 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近_______________________________________________________。
a developing country =a country that is developing
a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping
2. V-ing短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后， V-ing作定语时表示_____________________________________________。
They lived in a house facing south.
The man standing by the window is our teacher.
（五）作宾语补足语
能跟v-ing作宾语补足语的常见动词有感官动词五看（_____________________________________,两听（_____________）,
一感觉（______）; 使役动词三让（_________________）。v-ing与其前面的宾语是________关系，表示动作_________。
I heard the girl _____________(sing) in the classroom at that time.
When I passed by his room, I saw her___________(play) the piano.
Don’t leave the water__________(run).
We kept the fire __________(burn)all night long.
I could feel the cold wind _________( blow) on my face
(六)作状语
V-ing作作状语，表______、_______、______、______、_______等。相当于一个对应的__________________________等从句。
动词-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语应与__________主语保持一致。
1.作时间状语
相当于when, while引导的时间状语从句; v-ing形式前可保留when, while
When the students heard the bell , the students began to enter the classroom.
_______________________________________________________________
When I see the picture , I can’t help thinking of the days in America.
__________________________________________________________________
2.作原因状语
相当于as, because, since等引导的原因状语
Because she was ill, she didn’t attend the class.
________________________________________________________________
Because he didn’t know the way, he couldn’t go there.
________________________________________________
3.作条件状语
相当于if引导的条件状语从句
If you work hard, you’ll surely succeed.
______________________________________________________
If you use your head, you will have a good idea.
_____________________________________________________
4.作结果状语：相当于一个并列句
The child slipped and fell ,hitting his head against the door.
_____________________________________________________________________
Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family worse off.
____________________________________________________________________
He was caught in the rain, making himself catch a bad cold.
_________________________________________________________
5.作行为方式或伴随状语，相当and于引导的并列句
Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.
__________________________________________________________________
She sat at the desk, reading a newspaper
____________________________________________________________________
6. 作让步状语
相当于though, even though/if 等引导的原因状语
Though he is young , he knows a lot about computer.
____________________________________________________________
Even if he worked hard, he did’t pass the exam.
__________________________________________________
Practice
一、根据语境按照单词的正确形式填空
1.The stranger said something in a _______ voice and the little girl was very much________. （frighten）
2.Not________(complete) the programme, they have to stay there for another 2 weeks
3. “We can’t go out in this weather”, said Bob, ______ (look)out of the window.
4. Though _____(lack) money, his parents managed to send him to university.
5. Generally speaking, ______(take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
6.As is known to us all, traveling is __(interest) , but we often feel ____(tire) when we are back from travels.
7.John’s bad habit is ______ (read)without thorough understanding.
8.People________(live) in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.
9.Sitting by her side, I could feel her heart_________(beat).
10.Tell Mary that there’s someone ________(wait)for her at the door.
11.It took the workmen only two hours to finish _________(repair) my car.
12. The classroom wants _________(clean).
13. Jack said that he wouldn't mind __________(wait) for us.
14. We should often practise __________(speak) English with each other.
15. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂贵), it is worth _________(buy).
17. He devoted his life to __________(study) the atomic theory.
18. The parents suggested __________(sleep) in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.
19. It is no good ___________(smoke).
20.He has been used to __________(live) in America.
二、单句改错题
1. The heavy rain kept us waited for two days.
2. As you know, seeing is to believe.
3. Take exercises does good to your health.
4.I want to buy a washed machine for my mother.
5. His job is teach.
6. Mary doesn’t feel like to study abroad. her parents are old.
7. She looks forward to visit the garden.
8. His room needs painting, so he must have it painting.
9. The man worked for extra hours got extra an extra pay.
10. seen from the top of the hill, we find the city beautiful.
11. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it.
12. I haven’t finished read the novel
三、语法填空
Let children learn 1._________ (judge) their own work. A child 2._______(learn) to talk does not learn by 3.____________(correct) all the time; if 4.______(correct) to much, he will stop 5._______(talk). He notices a thousand times a day the
difference between his language and others’ language. Bit by bit, he makes the right changes 6._____________(make) his language like other people’s. In the same way,
children learn 7._______(do) all the other things. They learn 8._________(talk), run, climb, ride a bicycle by 9.___________(compare) their own behaviors with those of more 10._________(skill) people, and slowly make the 11.________(need) changes. But in school teachers never give a child a chance 12.___________(find) out his
mistakes for himself, even fewer chances for him 13. ___________(correct)
himself. They do it all for him. Teachers act as if the student would fail 14. ________(notice) a mistake if they did not point it out to him. They act as if the student would
never correct it unless he 15. __________(make) to. Soon he becomes dependent on
the teacher. Let the student do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other
children if he 16. ________(want) it, what this word means and what the answer is to that problem.