词汇导练
1．If you aren’t good at thinking，you can’t study ____________.
2．It was ____________ of him to run into the burning house to rescue the baby.
3．The ____________ of America is very important in history.
4．He ____________ his dream by working hard.
5．We ____________(清空)the tomb of everything it contained-we were rich and famous right away.
6．Police were called in to ____________(维持)order.
7．She opened the door quietly so as not to ____________(打搅)the sleeping child.
8．The bike is cheap.____________(然而)，it is not as beautiful as that one.
9．The money is to be used for ____________(专门的)purpose：the building of the new theatre.
10．If ____________(呼吸)in，these viruses can result in illness or even death.
11．It is difficult to make a ____________ (compare)with her previous book-they are completely different.
12．Children show ____________(curious)about everything.
1.effectively 2.adventurous 3.discovery 4.lived 5.emptied 6.preserve 7.disturb 8.However 9.specific 10.breathed 11.comparison 12.curiosity
短语汇集
1．____________________ 自古以来的，有史以来的
2．____________________ 对……好奇
3．____________________ 启航
4．____________________ 也，以及
5．____________________ 立刻，马上
6．____________________ 成功，带来好结果
7．____________________ 导致
8．____________________ 与……相比
9．____________________ 大量，许多
10．____________________ 进入；到达
11．____________________ 尊敬某人
12．____________________ 实现某人的梦想
1.of all time 2.be curious about 3.set sail 4.as well as 5.right away 6.pay off 7.result in 8.compare with 9.a great deal of 10.set foot on/in 11.look up to sb. 12.live one’s dream
语句试译
1．(回归课本P43)If ________ ________，they can result in illness or even death.
如果这些病毒被人体吸入，将可能导致疾病甚至死亡。
2．(回归课本P43)What is certain，________，is that the mystery of Tutankhamun’s tomb has never been fully explained.
但是有一点是可以肯定的，图坦卡蒙国王陵墓之谜至今还没有人能够完全破解。
3．(回归课本P58)In October 2003，Yang Liwei went to space and returned，________ the dream a reality.
2003年10月，杨利伟去了太空并成功返回，使这个梦想变成了现实。
4．(回归课本P46)By the 1920s，he had become an explorer，________ ________ the tombs of the Egyptian kings.
到了20世纪20年代他已经成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王们的陵墓。
1.breathed in 2.though 3.making 4.searching for
核心知识
1. curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的
(回归课本P42)He was bright and curious about the world outside his hometown.
他天资聪颖，对家乡外部的世界充满了好奇。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish.
四十年来，科学家一直对那种鱼深感好奇。
②I was curious to see if the plants would survive in lower temperatures.
(朗文P492)我很想看看这些植物在较低的温度下能否生存。
③(牛津P489)It was curious that she didn’t tell anyone.
她没有告诉任何人，这很反常。
1．句型转换
It’s curious that he should have asked such a question.
→________/________，he should have asked such a question.
答案：Surprisingly/Strangely
★2.People have always been curious ________ how living things on the earth exactly began.
A．in B．at
C．of D．about
解析：选D。be curious about sth.对某事/物感到好奇的。
3．________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.
A．So curious the couple was
B．So curious were the couple
C．How curious the couple were
D．The couple was such curious
解析：选B。句意：这对夫妇对于野生植物是那样的好奇，以至于他们决定去马达加斯加作进一步研究。考查倒装结构。主语是couple，所以谓语动词用复数形式；该句子用部分倒装，so及其修饰的形容词或副词提到句首。
2. present n． 赠品；礼物；现在
vt. 颁发，授予；提出(交)；展示，表现
adj. 现在的，当前的(做前置定语)；出席的，到场的(作后置定语)
(回归课本P43)Then，a few months after Carter had opened the tomb，Lord Carnarvon，who was also present when the tomb was opened，fell ill with a fever and died in Egypt.
接着，在卡特打开陵墓数月后，当时也在掘墓现场的卡那封勋爵突然生病，发高烧，最后死于埃及。
归纳拓展
be present at(＝attend)出席
at present＝now现在、目前
for the present＝for the time being眼前、暂时
present oneself at，for，in etc.出席、到场
present sth. to sb.送给某人某物
例句探源
①We shall not need any more for the present.
我们暂时不需要更多的了。
②(牛津P1562)There were 200 people present at the meeting.
有200人出席会议。
③The Golden Globe Awards will be presented on January 18.
(朗文P1606)金球奖将于1月18号颁发。
★4.(2009年高考北京卷)All of them try to use the power of the workstation __________ information in a more effective way.
A．presenting B．presented
C．being presented D．to present
解析：选D。句意：他们都尽力使用工作区的力量来更加有效地呈现信息。to present为不定式作目的状语。
★5.Teaching a pronunciation class to a mixed group of learners can __________ a teacher with many challenging problems.
A．provide B．produce
C．present D．offer
解析：选C。produce的宾语是物。provide，present，offer都有“提供”的意思。provide意思是“装备，供给(某物)”，如：The villagers provided the guerrillas with food.村民供给游击队粮食。present表示“呈献给某人(某种状况)”；offer构成offer sb.sth.或offer sth.to sb.的搭配。
★6.The mayor will personally________the gold medal________ the winning athletes at the sports meeting.
A．present；by B．present；with
C．present；to D．present；for
解析：选C。 本题考查动词词组。present sth.to sb.＝present sb.with sth.把某物赠予某人。本句译为“市长会亲自把金牌颁发给在运动会上获得冠军的运动员。”故选C。
7．完成句子
(1)All the people __________ __________ __________ __________(出席聚会的)were his supporters.
答案：present at the party
(2)On his retirement，his friends __________ __________ __________(赠给他)a set of golf clubs.
答案：presented him with
(3)The committee will __________ __________ ________ ________ __________(向……提交它最后的报告)Parliament in July.
答案：present its final report to
(4)You need to __________ __________ __________(更好地展示自己)．
答案：present yourself better
3. result vi. 导致，结果
n． 结果
(回归课本P43)If breathed in，they can result in illness or even death.
如果这些病毒被人体吸入，它们就有可能导致疾病甚至死亡。
归纳拓展
result in导致 result from因……而产生，由于……的结果 as a result 结果
as a result of 由于……的结果
例句探源
①If you believe in yourself and work hard，you can achieve great results.相信自己并作出努力，你就会取得好结果。
②(2009年高考全国卷Ⅱ)Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping.
由于买了太多的东西，Jenny差点误了航班。
③(朗文P1746)Improved farming technology has resulted in larger harvests.农业技术的提高带来了更大的丰收。
④(英汉多功能P1260)The terrible accident resulted from his carelessness.那桩可怕的意外事件因他的疏忽大意而引起。
8．(1)这场可怕的事故导致了10名乘客丧生。
The terrible accident ________ ________ ________ ________ of ten passengers.
答案：resulted in the death
(2)他生病是由于吃了受到污染的食物。
His illness ________ ________ eating contaminated food.
答案：resulted from
(3)他很勤奋，结果他赶上了班上的其他同学。
He worked very hard.________ ________ ________，he caught up with his classmates.
(＝He caught up with his classmates ________ ________ ________ ________ his hard work.)
答案：As a result；as a result of
4. compare v． 比较，相比；把……比作
(回归课本P45)However，nothing can compare with what I found today.
然而，任何事情都不能和我今天的发现相提并论。
归纳拓展
例句探源
①(2009年高考重庆卷)Michael’s new house is like a huge palace，compared with his old one.
和他的旧房子相比，米切尔的新房子就像一座大宫殿。
②(牛津P398)We carefully compared the first report with the second.我们仔细比较了第一份和第二份报告。
③(朗文P398)The rides at the fair just can’t compare with the rides at Disneyland.这个娱乐场的骑乘玩具根本不能和迪斯尼乐园的相比。
④He rudely compared my homeMmade bread to lump of rock.
他把我家里做的面包比喻成硬石块，真是无礼。
9．完成句子
(1)比较一下我和她的作文，你就会发现她的更好。
________ my composition ________ hers，and you will find hers better.
＝________ my composition ________ hers，you will find hers better.
答案：Compare，with；Comparing，with
(2)教师常常被比作蜡烛。
Teachers ________ ________ ________ ________ candles.
答案：are often compared to
(3)和许多同龄女孩相比，你是幸运的。
________ ________/________ ________ ________ of your age，you are lucky.
答案：Compared with/to many girls
10．(2010年安徽六校模拟)________ other good students，in my opinion，Tom is ________ student.
A．Compared with；a most satisfied
B．Compared to；the most satisfied
C．Comparing to；the most satisfying
D．Compared with；a more satisfying
解析：选D。句意：在我看来，和其他好学生相比，Tom是非常令人满意的。compared to/with是独立结构“与……相比较”，常位于句首作状语，satisfying“令人满意的”，satisfied“感到满意的”。
5. prove vt.& vi. 证明，证实；结果是，原来是
(回归课本P58)He took all kinds of tests to prove he was qualified for this important task.
他接受了各种测试，证明他是担负此项重任的合格人选。
归纳拓展
prove sth.证明某事
prove sth. to sb.向某人证明某事
prove＋sb./sth.＋(to be)＋n./adj.证明某人/某物……
prove＋thatMclause证明……
prove＋(to be)＋n./adj.证明是……
例句探源
①A fact is anything that can be proved.
任何能够证实的情况叫事实。
②(牛津P1595)Just give me a chance and I’ll prove it to you.
只要给我个机会，我会证明给你看。
③(朗文P1639)Some of the experiments proved(to be) disastrous for the biology department’s repulation.
一些试验败坏了生物系的名声。
④They say I’m too old，but I’m going to prove them all wrong.
他们说我太老了，但我要证明他们都错了。
11．完成句子
(1)你能证明你的诚实吗？
Can you ________ ________ ________？
答案：prove your honesty
(2)事实向我们证明他是位勇士。
The facts ________ ________ ________ ________ he was a brave fighter.
答案：proved to us that
(3)也许这本书终究会证实是有用的。
Perhaps the book will prove ________ ________ ________，after all.
答案：to be useful
6. survive vt.& vi. 幸存，生还
(回归课本P50)Of the 2,200 people on the ship，only 705 survived.船上所有的2200人中，只有705人生还。
归纳拓展
survive sth.幸免于某事，从……中幸存下来survive sb.比某人活得长
survive on sth.依靠……生存下来
survivor n.幸存者
survival 幸存，生存
例句探源
①To survive in the forest，animals must climb from tree to tree.要想在森林里生存下来，动物必须有爬树的本领。
②He’ll show everyone he can survive as a single parent.
他要让大家看看，他作为单亲家长能挺过来。
③(郎文P2078)Virginia is survived by three children and eight grandchildren.
弗吉尼亚死后，她家里还有3个子女、8个孙辈。
12．完成句子
(1)因这起撞车事故受伤的六个人中，只有两个活了下来。
Of the six people injured in the car crash，________ ________ ________.
答案：only two survived
(2)公司设法渡过了危机。
The company managed to ________ ________ ________.
答案：survive the crisis
(3)这起飞机失事事故中只有一名幸存者。
There was ________ ________ ________ from the air crash.
答案：only one survivor
7manage vi. 设法，努力，争取；处理，对付
vt. 处理；支配；管理；经营；运用；操纵
(回归课本P58)The people of China can be proud of Yang Liwei and young people all over the world can look up to him as an example of a man who managed to live his dream.
中国人民以杨利伟为骄傲，全世界的年轻人也将他视为努力实现梦想的榜样。
归纳拓展
manage to do sth.＝succeed in doing sth.设法做成某事
manage＋n./pron.设法得到/做到；拿得动，吃得下
【注意】 表示“设法做成某事”，manage后接不定式。在口语中，manage常与can，could，be able to连用，表示“能对付”。
例句探源
①Can you manage another slice of bread?
你能再吃一片面包吗？
②You need to learn to manage your time more effectively.
你需要学会如何有效地利用时间。
③(朗文P1251)Did you manage to get any sleep on the plane?
你在飞机上睡了点儿觉吗？
④We couldn’t have managed without you.
没有你我们就办不成了。
易混辨析
manage to do sth.，try to do sth.
(1)manage to do sth.是“设法做成某事”，不定式所表示的动作表示一定完成。
(2)try to do sth.是“试图或努力做某事”，不定式所表示的动作不一定完成。
①He managed to pass the College Entrance Examination and realized his dream of being a university student.
②She tried her best to solve the problem.
13．完成句子
(1)我试图说服他戒烟，但失败了。
I ________ ________ persuade him to give up smoking，but failed.
答案：tried to
(2)我说我们会在七点前赶到那里，你认为我们能做得到吗？
I said we’d be there by seven；do you think we’ll ________ ________？
答案：manage it
(3)没有车你是怎么应付的？
How do you ________ ________ a car?
答案：manage without
★14.__________ properly，the money can be enough for us this week.
A．Managed B．Managing
C．To manage D．To be managed
解析：选A。manage与句子主语the money之间构成动宾关系，故用过去分词，选A。
★15.He __________ the NMET and realized his dream of being a university student.
A．tried to pass B．tried passing
C．managed to pass D．managed passing
解析：选C。句意：他通过了高考，实现了成为一名大学生的梦想。manage to do sth.表示动作一定完成，try to do sth.所表示的动作不一定完成。try doing意为“试着做某事”，由句意可知C项正确。
8. as well as 也，以及；和……一样；和；除……之外(也)
“The tomb contained more riches，gold and jewels than any of us had ever seen before，as well as the mummy of the king”，said Carter.“(回归课本P42)陵墓中的财宝、黄金和珍珠饰物比我们任何人先前见过的都要多，还有国王图坦卡蒙本人的木乃伊。”卡特说。
归纳拓展
(1)A as well as B的意思是“不但B，而且A”，其重点在前者，而不在后者，而not only A but also B则强调后者，意为“不但A，而且B”。 (2)as well as后接名词或代词，作主语的附属成分时，不影响谓语动词单复数的选择。 (3)as well as 连接两个不定式时，后面的不定式符号to可以省略。 (4)as well as之后若连接动词，通常用动名词。 (5)as well as起连词作用，而as well“也”，起副词作用，一般置于句末。
例句探源
①(2009年高考重庆卷)Science can be a force for evil as well as for good.
科学可以成为善的推动力，也可以成为恶的推动力。
②(朗文P2284)They sells books as well as newspapers.
他们既卖报也卖书。
③(牛津P2326)The organization encourages members to meet on a regular bases，as well as providing them with financial support.
该机构鼓励成员定期聚会，还给他们提供经济上的支持。
16．(2010年福建龙岩统考)-Hi，what did our monitor say just now?
-Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who are to visit the Water Cube ________ asked to be at the school gate before 6∶30 in the morning.
A．is B．were
C．are D．was
解析：选D。本题考查主谓一致，本句话的主语是every boy and every girl，谓语动词用单数，再根据上文what did our monitor say just now？所以要用过去时。
9. pay off 成功，带来好结果；还清；付清工资后解雇某人
(回归课本P45)All my years of training as an explorer have finally paid off.
作为一名探险家所有这些年的训练终于得到了回报。
归纳拓展
pay sb.money for sth. 为某事物付给某人钱pay the price 付出代价
pay for 付款；偿还；受到惩罚
pay up 偿还，付清(尤指不情愿地)
pay back 偿还；报复；惩罚
例句探源
①The efforts made by Adrian and his parents paid off.
艾德里安和他父母的努力得到了回报。
②(朗文P146)The gumble paid off.赌博赢了。
③(朗文P1502)Ed was driving a taxi on the weekends to pay off all his debts.
埃德周末开出租车赚钱以还清他的债务。
17．-Zhai Zhigang became one of the three Taikonauts of Shenzhou Ⅶ.
-Oh，really？I’m glad that his effort at last __________.
A．worked out B．got out
C．paid off D．turned out
解析：选C。work out计算出；turn out结果是，证明是；get out出去；pay off得到回报，由句意可知C项正确。
18．英译汉
(1)His patience and hard work finally paid off with a gold medal.
_______________________________________
答案：他的耐心和刻苦最终使他赢得了金牌。
(2)Only another six months and the house will be paid off.
_________________________________________
答案：只要再过6个月，房款就能全部还清。
(3)They are usually paid off at the end of a month.
________________________________________________________________________
答案：他们一般在月底领工资。
10. a great deal(of) 大量，许多
(回归课本P50)Its makers spent a great deal of money building the ship.它的制造者花了许多钱来造这艘船。
归纳拓展
a great deal of相当于a good deal of，修饰不可数名词。a great deal相当于a lot或much用来修饰动词或形容词、副词的比较级，意为“……得多”。表示“许多”的表达方式：
例句探源
①Joan passed her exam，which surprised me a great deal.
琼通过了考试，这让我很惊讶。
②(朗文P516)He knows a great deal more about computers than I do.他的计算机知识比我丰富得多。
③(牛津P512)They spent a great deal of money.
他们花了大量的钱。
19．完成句子
(1)他们已经为孩子准备了大量的食物。
They have prepared ________
________/________ ________ ________ food for children.
答案：a great/good deal of
(2)从她身上我学会了很多东西。
I’ve learned ________ ________ ________ from her.
答案：a great deal
(3)这个故事要比那个故事有趣的多。
The story is ________ ________ ________ more interesting than that one.
答案：a great deal
★20.I have learned________from my visit here.
A．a great many B．a great deal
C．a great deal of D．a bit
解析：选B。本题考查a great deal作名词性短语时的用法。本句译为“我参观这里学到了很多东西。”
句型解析
1【教材原句】 By the 1920s，he had become an explorer，searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings.(P46)
到了20世纪20年代他已经成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王们的陵墓。
【句法分析】 (1)by the 1920s中by表示“在……之前，不迟于”，后面常接表示时间点的名词，如果后面接一个过去时刻，多用过去完成时；如果接一个将来时刻，常用将来完成时。
(2)searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings是现在分词短语作状语，表示方式，与其逻辑主语(he)之间是主动关系。
21．完成句子
(1)当我到达机场时，我朋友的飞机已经起飞了。
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________，my friend’s plane had already taken off.
答案：By the time I got to the airport
(2)到下个月底，玛丽将完成在中国的学习。
By the end of next month，Mary ________ ________ ________ her studies in China.
答案：will have finished
(3)我的父母来信叫我换份工作。
My parents wrote me a letter ________ me to change my job.
答案：telling
(4)为了赶上汽车，他一路跑来。
In order to catch the bus，he came ________ all the way.
答案：running
2【教材原句】 If breathed in，they can result in illness or even death.(P43)
如果这些病毒被人体吸入，它们就可能会导致疾病甚至死亡。
【句法分析】 If breathed in，...是if状语从句中的省略，省略的是主语和be动词，补充完整应该是：If they are breathed in，they can result in illness or even death.
在英语中，条件状语从句(if/unless引导)，时间状语从句(when/while/as/once引导)，方式状语
从句以及让步状语从句(as if/as though引导)等状语从句中，如果从句中的主语与主句的主语相一致，并且含有be动词，此时从句中的主语和be动词可以一起省略。有时，从句中的主语是it且含有be动词时，也可以省略。①If possible，I’d like to have two copies of it.(省略了it is)
可能的话，我想要两本。
②She hurriedly left the room as though/as if angry.(省略了she was)她匆忙地离开房间，好像生气了。
③When asked why he was late again，he said he missed the early bus.(省略了he was)
当被问及他为什么又迟到了时，他说他错过了早班车。
22．完成句子
(1)如果管理不善，这个计划就不会成功。
________ ________ ________ ________，the programme will not succeed.
答案：If not well managed
(2)这些花如果不能每天浇水就会死去。
The flowers will die ________ ________ every day.
答案：unless watered
(3)工人们不应该为这个事故负责，他们只是按命令行事。
The workers shouldn’t be responsible for the accident.They just carried out the order________ ________.
答案：as told
语法指导
比较句
比较句是指谓语中含有比较词语或比较格式的句子。
以下是比较句的常见句式：
1．“as＋adj./adv.＋as或not so/as＋adj./adv.＋as”句型。该句型常用来描述两个比较对象在程度上的相似或不同(即平时说的“等级比较和不等级比较”)。
【佳句选粹】
My computer is not so/as expensive as yours.
我的电脑不如你的昂贵。
2．“as many/few＋可数名词复数＋as”或“as much/little(少的)＋不可数名词＋as”。前者描述数目上的接近，后者描述量上的相近。
【佳句选粹】
①You may borrow as many books as you can.
你能借多少书就借多少。
②“Drink as much water as you can，”the doctor said to him.
医生对他说到：“你要尽可能的多喝些水。”
3．“主语＋比较级＋than any other...”结构表示：主语所描述的事物比其他任何一个都……，比较级形式表示最高级含义。
【佳句选粹】
Li Ming is much cleverer than any other student in his class.李明是他班上最聪明的学生。
注意：若比较范围不同，than后应用“any＋可数名词的复数形式＋其他”。
4．诸如not，never之类的否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用，表示最高级含义，意为“再也没有比……更……的了”。
【佳句选粹】
I have never heard such an interesting story.
我从来没有听过比这更有趣的故事。
5．“no＋比较级＋than”结构表示对两个比较对象都进行否定(可由neither...nor...结构来改写)。
【佳句选粹】
I’m no more foolish than you.
我们俩都不傻。(相当于Neither I nor you are foolish.)
6．“形容词比较级＋than＋形容词”，意为“与其……倒不如……”。
【佳句选粹】
She was more sad than angry when her son lied again.
当她儿子再次撒谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。
7．“would rather...than”，“prefer...to...”，“prefer to do...rather than...”这三个句型表示“宁愿……而不愿……；喜欢……胜过……；宁愿做……而不愿做……”的含义。虽无比较级形式，但表示比较含义。
【佳句选粹】
①She would rather die than give in.她宁死不屈。
②He preferred to go out rather than stay at home.
他宁愿出去也不愿待在家里。
8．“The＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”，意为“越……，越……”。
【佳句选粹】
The more difficult the questions are，the less likely he is able to answer them.
问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。
9．What C is to D，A is to B．C与D相比，犹如A和B。
【佳句选粹】
What food is to the body，a book is to the mind.
书籍对于思想犹如食物对于身体。