Unit13 状语从句
一、考点聚焦
1、时间状语从句
（1）as、when、while用法一览表。
类别 作 用 例 句
as as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。 She came up as I was cooking.(同时)
The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎同时)
when (at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。 It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)
When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)
while while意思是“当……的时候”或“在某一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。 Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.(用as或when不可，这里的while意思是“趁……”)
（2）引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：
①till, not … until …, until, before, since
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
He waited for his father until(till)it was twelve o’clock.
It will be five years before he returns from England.
②hardly / scarcely … when, no sooner … than, as soon as once
表示“一……就”
As soon as I have finished it , I’ll give yu a call.
Once you show any fear, he will attack you.
We had hardly got / Hardly had we got into the country when it
began to rain.
No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining.
③directly, immediately, the moment, the minute that… 一……就
He made for the door directly he heard the knock.
④each time, every time, by the time
Each time he came to my city, he would call on me.
注意：表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。
2、让步状语从句
（1）although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。
Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted.
（2）even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。
I’ll get there even if(though)I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.
（3）no matter后接上who、what、where、how等疑问词，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上ever构成whoever、whatever、wherever、however等。
Don’t trust him, no matter what / whatever he says.
Whoever breaks the law will be published.
No matter how hard the work is, you’d better try to do it well.
（4）as也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。
Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I like it, I won’t buy.
Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.
3、原因状语从句：because, for, as, since, now that
（1）表示不知道的原因时用because,即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。
You want to know why I’m leaving? I’m leaving because I’m full.
for虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较because要弱得多，是可说可不说的话，它只能置于主句之后，这时，for是并列连词。如果不是因果关系，而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时，只能用for。如：It’s morning now, for the birds are singing.（很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。）
（2）表示已经知道的原因时用as或since,即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比as正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前，但有时却相反。
Seeing all of the children already seated, he said,“Since everyone is here, let’s start.”
(3)下列情况下只能使用because:
①在回答why的问句时；
②在用于强调句型时；
③被not所否定时。
4、地点状语从句：where, wherever
Make a mark wherever you have any questions.
We will go where the Party directs us.
5、目的状语从句：that, so that, in order that
注意：目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置于句首。
6、结果状语从句：that, so that, so … that, such … that …
注意：so + 形容词/副词 + that从句；such + 名词 + that从句。
7、方式状语从句：as, as if(though)
I’ll do as I am told to.
It looks as if it is going to rain.
8、比较状语从句：than, as
9、条件状语从句：if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that.
注意if与unless的区别：不能用and连接两个unless从句，即不能有… unless …,and unless … 。但if … not and if … not却不受此限。
You won’t lose your weight unless you eat less and unless you exercise more.(×)
但可以说 … unless you eat less and exercise more.
10、注意状语从句中从句的省略现象
（1）连接词 + 过去分词
Don’t speak until spoken to.
Pressure can be incrased when needed.
Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.
（2）连词 + 现在分词
Look out while crossing the street.
（3）连词 + 形容词/其他
常见的有it necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等。
二、精典名题导解
选择填空
1. I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some ____________.
(NMET 2000)
A.as last B.in case C.once again D.in time
解析：答案为B。句意为“带些钱以防万一”，只能选择in case。引导的条件状语从句，后面省略了I should need it。
2. The WTO can’t live up to its name _________ it doesn’t include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.（NMET 2000）
A.as long as B.while C.if D.even though
解析：答案为C。本题考查状语从句的用法。句意为“假如世贸组织不包括占世界人口五分之一的中国的话，那它就名不副实”。as long as语气过于强烈，while和even though不符合句意。
3、Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up_________I could answer the phone.(NMET 2000)
A.as B.since C.before D.until
解析：答案为C。题意为：半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及就挂了。but暗示在接话前就挂了。
三、专项训练
1. I am to stay______my mother______well.
A.untill;gets B.until,get C.when;gets D.before;will get.
2. Li Ming was about to do his homework______the phone rang.
A.while B.when C.as D.after
3. I have never been to Beijing______I went to university.
A.when B.before C.as D.since
4. It was not long______the writer finished his novel.
A.when B.after C.before D.until
5. We shall go swimming______we have time.
A.whenever B.wherever C.howerver D.whatever
6. -Where should I put my dictionary?
-Put it______you can easily get it.
A.so that B.where C.which D.in order that
7. -I'd like a suitcase to use in college,father,
-OK.I'll buy one for you______I have done my work.
A.before B.since C.so that D.the monent
8. I would like to do it______I like it.
A.since B.because of C.because D.now that
9. ______it is raining,we had better take a taxi.
A.As B.For C.Because of D.When
10. His speech made______deep impression on the audience that they could hardly forget it.
A.so a B.such a C.so D.such
11. We must do the experiment______the teacher does.
A.whatever B.as C.how D.when
12. The book is______it gives a wrong idea of the fact.
A.so writing that B.such written that
C.such writing that D.so written that
13. We started so early______we could get there before that sun set.
A.in order that B.in order to C.so as to D.for
14. -Could you tell me______you will get my trousers ready?
-Yes.In half a month.
A.how B.when C.how soon D.how long
15. I know nothing about it______he told me.
A.unless B.until C.except D.if
16. I won't join you______you invite me.
A.if B.or C.until D.unless
17. Give me your telephone number______I need your help.
A.in case B.whether C.unless D.so that
18. -Did you answer Smith's call?
-I don't have to______I'll see him tomorrow.
A.though B.because C.otherwise D.unless
19. The number of the people present,______we had expected,was very large.
A.that B.which C.who D.as
20. ______I like it very much,I won't buy it.
A.Although B.As though C.As D.If
21. ______he came to see me,he would phone me first.
A.When B.Whenver C.As D.While
22. I'm working in the burning sun,______he is sleeping in the shade.
A.when B.because C.as D.while
23. The work was completed earlier______.
A.than we expected B.as we expected
C.than we had expected D.like we expected
24. ______had he hurried into the cave______it began to pour down.
A.No sooner;when B.Hardly;when
C.Hardly;than D.As soon as;when
25. ______,so the sports meet has to be put off.
A.Because of the bad weather B.Because it was been raining for days
C.Since the weather has been bad D.It has been raining for days
26. I had to borrow some money______I could buy a new car.
A.so that B.in order to C.because D.since
27. I will keep studying______I live.
A.when B.so long as C.as soon as D.on conditon
28. ______it was late,she went on working.
A.Because B.Since C.Though D.Whether
29. You will be late for the meeting______you take a taxi.
A.until B.and C.or D.unless
30. I thought her nice and honest______I met her.
A.the first time B.for the first time
C.every time when D.by the time
31. ______the day went on,the weather got worse.
A.With B.Since C.As D.While
32. He was doing his homework______he saw the teacher passing by his window.
A.while B.when C.as D.which
33. Is it three years ago______he was put into prison?
A.that B.since C.when D.before
34. Though he failed in the exam,______he didn't give up.
A.but B.and yet C.yet D.still
35. Tom was______that he couldn't understand______difficult sentence.
A.so a stupid boy;such a B.a so stupid boy;a such
C.so stupid a boy;a such D.so stupid a boy;such a
36. ______you've understood all these rules,you'll have no further difficulty.
A.Unless B.Once C.Although D.Until
37. ______,he speaks Japanese quite well.
A.Child as he is B.Though is he child
C.As a child he is D.A child as he is
38. ______we got on the bus,it started to move.
A.Short after B.Before long C.Soon after D.After a while
39. The cost of one day in the hospital can run as______as 500 dollars.
A.lower B.much C.expensive D.high
40. ______,he works just as hard as everyone else.
A.Because he is weak B.Weak as he is
C.Though weak he is D.As he is weak
41. He thinks more of others______.
A.than of himself B.than of him C.than himself D.than he
42. ______the rain has stopped,let's start again.
A.For B.Because C.Now that D.That
43. Mr.Smith is a warm-hearted person.He helps me______I ask him to.
A.whatever B.whenever C.only D.however
44. It is five years______I joined the army.
A.when B.that C.whose D.since
45. ______what may happen,I will stand by your side.
A.No matter B.Perhaps C.Although D.Even if
46. Time passed quickly and three weeks went by______we knew it.
A.after B.when C.before D.till
47. ______there is a will,there is a way.
A.When B.Where C.That D.While
48. John's mother allowed him to go swimming______that he didn't go too far from the bank.
A.if B.unless C.when D.on condition
49. You'll be punished______you obey the order.
A.unless B.if C.when D.though
50. ______we help people,______we'll be.
A.more;happy B.The more;the happy
C.The more;the happier D.More;the happier
51. You may do______you please.
A.when B.as C.if D.that
52. It is so hot______I don't go out today.
A.that B.when C.as D.which
53. It is raining heavily______they still want to go out.
A.though B.because C.but D.so
54. ______we study hard,we'll succeed sooner or later.
A.Though B.When C.Once D.As long as
55. I'll go on with the work______I come back tomorrow.
A.as B.when C.whenever D.unless
56. We shall go______working conditions are difficult.
A.where B.there C.when D.to the place
57. I know the reason______he came so early.
A.that B.when C.why D.for
58. They started early______they might arrive in time.
A.so B.in order to C.for D.that
59. Take more rest______you want to get well soon.
A.unless B.if C.though D.even if
60. Leave a basin of water outside in freezing weather,______it will soon be covered with ice.
A.and B.or C.but D.as
61. We had to be patient.It would be some time______we got the full result.
A.since B.that C.before D.after
62. It was May 4th______my parents left for Shanghai.
A.when B.since C.until D.after
63. It was______she was about to speak that the door opene D.
A.that B.when C.what D.because
64. ______jouralism seems like a good profession,I would prefer to be a teacher.
A.No matter B.Now that C.Even D.Although
65. His eyes were closed,so I said nothing,but put the chair______he would see me______he woke.
A.when;when B.where;where C.when;where D.where;when
66. ______physics,he likes maths better.
A.As he much likes B.Much likes as he
C.Much as he likes D.Likes much as he
67. We'll carry the fight to the end______happens.
A.whatever B.no matter which C.no matter how D.anything
68. ______she hasn't got anything against you.
A.As long as I know B.So long as I know
C.I know so far D.As far as I know
69. Fire safety in family houses,______most fire deaths occur,is difficult to achieve.
A.why B.where C.how D.when
70. _____the pain was bad,______he did not complain.
A.Although;but B.Though;but C.Though;yet D.Even;still
71. I am going______you went last week.
A.where B.whererver C.when D.the place
72. ______you get into the habit of smoking,you won't be able to give it up easily.
A.While B.Once C.Because D.Since
73. Try to guess the meaning of a new word while reading______your reading skill can be improved.
A.when B.before C.until D.so that
74. Hurry up,______we won't catch the last bus.
A.unless B.but C.otherwise D.then
75. -How are you,Harry?
-Fine,______a bit tire D.
A.but B.or C.and D.so
76. ______he spoke,we recognized his voice.
A.At the moment B.The moment
C.For the moment D.The moment while
77. ______invited I won't go to her birthday party.
A.Even B.When C.If D.Even if
78. Don't speak______.
A.when speak B.after spoke C.until spoken to D.while speaking
79. These two weeks they have planted______they did during the same period of last month.
A.as much twice trees as B.twice as many trees as
C.twice as much trees as D.as many twice trees as
80. They were______busy studying______they couldn't go to the restaurant with us.
A.so;that B.such;as C.very;that D.enough;as
参考答案
1-10 ABDCA BDCAB 11-20 BDACB CABDA 21-30 BDCBD ABCDA
31-40 CBACD BACDB 41-50 ACBDA CBDAC 51-60 BACDB ABDBA
51-70 CABDD CADBC 71-80 ABDCA BDCBA