高一年级第一学期
1、lonely adj。
（1）--unhappy because one is alone or without friends孤独的，寂寞的；当lonely作此解时在句中可用作表语或定语。
e.g. When his wife died, he felt very lonely. 妻子去世后，他感到很孤独。（作表语）
The old man lives a lonely life. 这位老人过着寂寞的生活。（作定语）
（2）--（of places） without people; not often visited; （指地点）荒凉的。
e.g. The strange man lives in a lonely house in the village. 那个古怪的人住在乡间一幢荒凉的房子里。
注意：lonely 与alone是有区别的。Alone作形容词时通常表示“独自的”、“单独的”，在句中只作表语。而lonely则表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞的一种感情。试比较：
Though I was alone, I was not lonely. 虽然我是独自一人，但我并不感到孤独。
2、 after doing sth. 此处after是介词，与动名词或动名词短语连用，在句中作状语。可相当于连词after引导的一个时间状语从句。
e.g. After I finished the homework, I went to bed. 可改写成：After finishing the homework, I went to bed.
注意：此句式只有当主句和从句用同一个主语时才成立。
3、 change n. --work given to sb. as a duty. 负责；管理
（1） in charge of sth. 负责、掌管（某事）
e.g. Mr. Smith is in charge of the work of our class. 史密斯先生负责我们班的工作。
（2） under / in the charge of sb. 由……管；由……负责
e.g. This ward of the hospital is in the charge of Dr. Green. 医院的这个病房由格林先生负责。
4、 at the end of 在……的最后（结尾），在……的尽头（末端）
e.g. At the end of this mouth we are going to have an outing. 本月底我们打算作一次远足。
试比较：by the end of 在……结束时；到……末为止
How many English words had you learned by the end of last term? 到上学期末，你们学了多少英语单词？
in the end --at last; finally最后、终于
e.g. In the end he found what he wanted.终于他找到了他所要的东西。
5、 different from…与……不同；different in在……不同
e.g. Saying a thing is quite different from doing it. 说一件事和做一件事大不一样。
He is a different man from what he was 10 years ago. 与十年前的他相比，他是另外一个人了。
6、 a little; a lot 能起副作用，在句中作状语，表示程度；亦可用以修饰形容词或副词的比较级。
e.g. I am - I think - a little afraid of you. 我想，我有点儿怕你。（作状语，修饰形容词afraid）
Edison had read a lot before he was taken out of school.爱迪生在退学前已看了很多书。（作状语）
The teacher told me to speak a little louder. 老师叫我大声点儿讲。（修饰副词的比较级louder）
The boy is feeling a lot better today. 这男孩今天感到身体好多了。（修饰形容词well的比较级better, a lot在此处同much）
7、 be fond of -- like; be full of love for喜欢；爱
（1） 后跟名词或代词：
e.g. I am fond of music. 我喜欢音乐。
（2） 后跟动名词：
e.g. We found out that he was very fond of you. 事实上，他很喜欢你。
8、 catch sb. around the neck 勾住……的脖子
e.g. The drowning boy caught John around the neek to swim back to the bank. 那个溺水的男孩勾住约翰的脖子游回岸边去。
此类短语有catch sb. by the arm 等
e.g. The policeman caught him by the arm. 警察拉住了他的胳膊。
John hit him in the face. 约翰打了他的脸。
The stone hit me on the head. 石头击中我的头部。
注意：此类短语中，身体的某一部位前须用定冠词the。
9、 助动词do, (does) 和did用在肯定句中表示强调，作“的确”、“确实”讲
e.g. If you do know the answer, say it in a loud enough voice so that all the class may hear. 如果你确实知道这个答案，就用足够大的声音来回答，使全班同学都能听到。
注意：助动词do 还可用在祈使句中，表示强调，作“一定”、“千万”讲。
e.g. Do write to us as soon as you get to America.你一到美国一定要给我们来信。
10、 reach v.
（1） vt. -- get to, arrive in (at) 到达，抵达；达到
e.g. We had one km to go to reach the nearest railway station. 我们得步行一公里才能抵达最近的火车站。
（2） vt. -- put one’s hand out and touch sth. 伸手及到
e.g. The girl is not tall enough to reach the apple on the table. 这个女孩不够高，够不着桌上的那个苹果。
（3） vt. --（of things or places）to be big enough to touch; stretch out as far as （事物）大得足以及到；（地方）达到，延伸
e.g. The ladder won’t quite reach (as far as) the top of the monument. 这梯子很难够着那座碑的顶部。
11、 Fear
（1） n. -- the feeling that one has when danger is near; the feeling that sth. (usu. unpleasant) is likely to happen 害怕；恐惧；担心
e.g. I couldn’t move because of fear. 我吓得不能动弹。
（2） 用于短语in fear惊恐的，介词短语作状语，用以修饰动词，表示伴随状态。
e.g. She stood there in fear and didn’t know what to do. 她惊恐地站在那儿，不知该怎么办。
类似的介词短语还有in a hurry急匆匆地；in surprise惊讶地；in a loud (low) voice 大（低）声地等。
（3） vt. -- be afraid of 惧怕；害怕
e.g. There is nothing to fear in the world. 世界上没有什么可惧怕的事情。
（4） 其形容词为：
fearful - afraid 害怕的；
fearless - without fear 无畏的；不怕的
e.g. Joe Hill was a fearless fighter. 乔希尔是个大无畏的战士。
12、 ask about; ask after; ask for
（1） ask about -- inquire about sb. / sth. 询问、打听（某人或某事的情况）
e.g. The pilot asked about the weather conditions. 那位飞行员打听天气的情况。
（2） ask after (sb.) 问候；问好
e.g. I met George on my way home yesterday and he asked after you. 昨天我在回家的路上遇见乔治，他问候你。
（3） ask for请求；向……要
e.g. Did anyone ask for me? 有人来找过我吗？
13、 My trousers need shortening.我的裤子需要改短。
此句中need是实义动词，作“需要”讲，后接动名词，和主语间有动宾关系，主动形式表示被动。此结构和need后接动词不定式的被动形式含义相同，即也可用My trousers need to be shortened. 表示。
14、 mind v. 介意；在乎；反对，当动词mind为此意时常用在疑问、否定或条件句中。
e.g. I don’t mind the cold weather. 我不在乎这样的冷天。
注意：此句式中，mind后只接动名词，表示请求。与Please turn down the radio for a little.含义相近。
e.g. Do you mind if I smoke here? 我在此抽烟你不反对吗？
注意：此句中也可用Would you mind my (me) smoking here? 表示，意义相近，以征求对方的意见或许可。
15、 run (ran, run) vi.
（1）-- to continue in operation, performance, etc. （工作等）进行情况；（演出等）持续；（合同等）有效期（多久）。
e.g. Is everything running well in your office? 工作顺利吗？
（2）-- to move on one’s legs at a speed faster than walking 跑；奔跑。
e.g. Several children are running about on the sand. 好几个孩子在沙滩上到处奔跑。
（3）（车辆等）行驶。
e.g. The buses run until after twelve. 那些公共汽车一直行驶到12点以后。
（4）-- to cause to work or be in operation （机器）运转；（钟表）走动。
e.g. Does your watch run well? 你的表走得准吗？
16、Look forward to 盼望；希望（注意此短语中的to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。）
e.g. The children are looking forward to the coming Christmas Day. 孩子们期盼着即将来临的圣诞节。
17、 because of -- by the reason of 由于；因为。此介词短语后一般接名词，在句中作状语，相当于连词because引导的原因状语从句。
e.g. He couldn’t walk so fast as the others because of his wounded leg. (= because his leg was wounded.) 由于一条腿受了伤，他不能与其他人走得一样快。
18、 begin with 以……开始；以……作为开端
e.g. The concert began with the National Anthem. 这场音乐会以奏国歌开场。
注：与此短语相对的是end with, 意思是“以……结束”；“以……结尾”。
注意短语to begin with作“首先”解。试比较：
We can’t go. To begin with, it's too cold. Besides, we have no money. 我们不能去，首先是天气太冷，再者我们没有钱。
19、 divide…into…把……分成……；be divided into分成；划分成。
e.g. We divided ourselves into two groups and then began the game. 我们分成2个组，就开始比赛了。
20、 future
（1）n. -- time yet to come 将来；未来；今后
1） in future -- from now on 从今以后
e.g. You’d better be more careful with your spelling in future. 今后在拼写方面你最好更仔细些。
2） in the future将来；未来
e.g. No one knows what the computers will be like in the future. 没人知道在将来计算机会是怎样的。
（2）n. --（expected or planned for）a person’s life in time yet to come. 前途，前景
He really had great future. 他的确有个光辉的前景。
（3） adj. 将来的；未来的
e.g. Keep it for future use. 把它保存好，以备后用。
21、 cause
（1） vt. -- make sth. happen 使发生；引起；给……带来
e.g. His illness caused him to miss the game. 他的病使他错过了这场比赛。
（2） n. -- a person, thing or event that makes sth. happen 原因；起因
e.g. The cause of the fire is carelessness. 这场火灾是粗心引起的。
注意：cause 作名词时，亦可作“原因”讲，但和reason略有区别。试比较：
The cause of the accident was that he was driving too fast. 事故的原因是他车开得太快。（指引起事故的起因）
The reason why he was driving so fast was that he was late for an important meeting. 他车开得如此快的原因是一个重要会议他要迟到了。（为某行为作解释）
22、 be ready （ready是形容词，用作表语。）
（1）--be prepared and fit （for use）准备好
e.g. Are you ready for the trip? 你作好旅行准备了吗？
（2）be willing (to do sth.)乐意、愿意（做某事）
e.g. He is ready to help his friends. 他总是乐意帮助别人。
（3） 易于；动辄
e.g. Some students are ready to give up when they meet with anything difficult in their studies.一些学生在学习上遇到困难时就轻易放弃了。
23、 （1）unexpected adj. -- 意外的；未预料到的；其反义词是expected，意为可预料的。
e.g. Something unexpected happened on my way to school yesterday. 昨天在我去学校途中发生了一件意外之事。
That must be expected. 那应该是可预料到的。
（2）expect vt. -- think (that someone will come or sth. will happen) 预期；期待；指望。
e.g. Our parents are always expecting too much of us. 我们的父母对我们总是期望过高。（后接名词或代词）
We expect to make a success this year. 我们指望今年获得成功。（后接动词不定式）
I expect that he will come to our party tonight. 我指望今晚他能出席我们的晚会。（后接that 从句）
在口语中作“以为”、“料想”解。
e.g. “Will he be late?”“他会不会迟到？”
“I expect so.” or “I don’t expect so.” “我想他会的。”或“我想他不会的。”
24、 value; price
（1） value n. -- worthy of sth. in money when compared with sth. else（与它物比较时的）价值
e.g. Most parents know the value of a good education. 大多数父母都知道接受良好教育的重要性。
其形容词为：
valuable -- of great value 宝贵的；很有价值的
valueless -- without value 不值钱的
The book written by Lu Xun are valuable. 鲁迅先生写的书很有价值。
This necklace is completely valueless. 这串项链根本不值钱。
注意：此两形容词的拼写：前者加后缀-able时去e, 而后者则不。
（2） price n. - money paid to buy sth. 价格
e.g. House price are going up (rising) / falling. 房价在上涨 / 下跌。
注意：price只能用high 和low修饰，不能expensive 或cheap。试比较：
The price of the flower is high. 那花的价格很高。
The flower is expensive. 那花很贵。
其形容词为priceless--of very great value; 贵重的；无价的；注意其义与valueless全然不同。
（3） value和 price两词的含义不同。试比较：
I know the real value of this modern painting but its price is not high now. 我知道这幅现代画的真正价值，但现在它的价格并不贵。
25、 at all
（1）根本；全然 此短语一般用在否定句中，以加强语气。
e.g. I’m not tired at all. 我一点儿也不累。
（2）not at all单独用在答语中表示“一点也不”或“不用谢”等。“I am sorry to trouble you”，“Not at all.”（“没关系”。）“Thank you for your help，”“Not at all.”（“不用谢。”）
（3）at all有时也用在肯定句中。但此类句子往往带有不肯定的意思。
e.g. I was surprised at his coming at all. 我很奇怪，他竟然来了。（原以为他不会来的）
26、 …better than any other …此句型是比较级中用以表示最高级含义的，意为“……比其它任何……都……”例如：
He is taller than any other student in his class. 他比班上任何别的学生都高。（意指他是班上最高的学生。与He is the tallest student in his class. 含义相同。）此意还可以其它比较方式表示。
e.g. He is taller than anyof the others / other students in his class.
He is taller than anyone else in his class.
注意易犯的错误，如：He is taller than any students / anyone in his class. 此类句式表示他可能不属此班。
27、 lead vt. (led; led; )
（1） 领导：In 1915, Joe Hill led a strike in Salt Lake City. 1915年，乔希尔在盐湖城领导了一场罢工。
（2） 引导；带领；The blind man was led to cross the street by a pioneer. 那位盲人由一个少先队员领着穿过马路。
（3） lead to--be a way、path or road to … 通向
e.g. His hard work leads to great success. 他的勤奋使他获得了极大的成功。
（4） leader n. 领导人；走在前头的人。
28、 miss vt.
（1） miss sb. 思念、想念（某人）
e.g. You can’t imagine how I missed the boy. 你难以想象我是多么思念那个男孩。
（2） --not hit没击中（目标）
e.g. The falling stone missed my head. 那块落石没打中我的头。
（3） --not catch the bus / train…没赶上车/火车…
e.g. It was my fault that they had missed the train. 他们没赶上火车是我的过失。
（4） --not attend (the lecture) …没出席、误了（讲座等）
e.g. I’m really sorry to have to miss the lecture. 不能听那个讲座，我实在遗憾。
（5） 迷失；丢失
e.g. Ask her to look again and see if she’s missed anything else. 让她再找找看，是否丢失了别的东西。
（6） missing adj. 丢失的；缺掉的
e.g. Your key is missing, isn’t it? 你的钥匙不见了，是吗？
29、 even though (even if) 意为“即使”、“尽管”在复合句中引导让步状语从句。
e.g. Even though their native language is not English, many classes are taught in English. 尽管他们的本国语并不是英语，然而许多课还是用英语教的。
30、 have trouble with sth. / sb.
（1）（在应付……中）有困难。作此意时，短语中的trouble同difficulty.
e.g. Did you have any trouble with the work? 做那项工作你有困难吗？
（2）有……病痛
e.g. The woman went to see the doctor because she had trouble with her heart. 那位女士昨天去看医生了。因为她心脏有病。
（3）have trouble (difficulty) in doing sth. 做……有困难，费事。此短语中的介词的可以省略。
e.g. The old woman had trouble in reading the letter. 那位老妇人看这封信有困难。
31、 （1）amusing adj. -causing laughter or smiles 好笑的；有趣的。
e.g. He told an amusing story to break the ice. 他讲了个有趣的故事以打破僵局。
amusing 是由动词amuse加后缀ing构成，类似的形容词还有surprising, exciting, interesting, tiring等。
（2）amuse vt.
1）--make time pass pleasantly 使快乐amuse oneself with sth. or by doing sth. 以……自娱 / 消遣。
e.g. He amused himself with books. 他以书消遣。
2）--make sb. laugh or smile 使…发笑
e.g. We were all amused by the story-teller’s jokes. 我们都被那个故事员的笑话逗笑了。
3） amusement n. 娱乐活动
e.g. There were not many amusements in the small town. 这个小镇上娱乐活动不多。
32、 rather adv.
（1） 副词rather与形容词连用时，可放在不定冠词之前或之后；放在定冠词之后；也可与副词、介词等连用。表示“相当”、“颇”、“有点儿”之意。
e.g. It’s rather a hot day today. （或It’s a rather hot day today. ）今天是相当热的一天。
The rather strong man who is talking with our headmaster is a football player. 在和我们校长讲话的那个相当健壮的人是个足球运动员。（放在定冠词之后）
It’s rather like a snake. 它颇像蛇。（与介词连用）
（2） --more willingly 宁可；宁愿。作此意时与would连用，后跟动词原形。
e.g. She thought she would rather rather not go to the cinema last night.
33、 no wonder (that) …此句型中no wonder 作“怪不得”或“难怪”讲，后接that 从句。
e.g. He works hard. No wonder he has got an “A” in English again. 他学习很努力，怪不得他英语测验又得了“A”。
34、 invite vt.
（1） invite sb. to dinner / tea / the party --邀请某人去参加晚宴 / 喝茶 / 晚会（此处to 是介词）
e.g. I was invited to dinner party by the Smiths. 史密斯夫妇邀请我参加他们的宴会。
（2） invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
e.g. The pianist was invted to give a piano concert next month. 这位钢琴家被邀请下月举办一个钢琴演奏会。
35、 （1）allow vt. --let sb. do sth. 允许；许可
e.g. You cannot stand by and allow such a thing. 你不能袖手旁观，听任此种事情发生。
（2）allow sb. to do sth. 允许、让（某人）做某事。
e.g. They asked to be allowed to see the patient. 他们请求获准见见那位病人。
36、 used to （过去）常，经常，是情态动词，只有过去式，表示过去存在的，但现在已停止的情况或习惯。后接不定式。
e.g. He used to play cards. 此句意为“他过去常打牌”。（But now he doesn’t play cards.）
此情态动词的否定句和疑问句有两种构成法：
1） 借用助动词did
e.g. He did not use to swim in winter.（否定句）
Did he use to swim in winter? （一般疑问句）
He used to swim in winter, didn’t he? （反意疑问句）
2） 不用助动词did；否定式是used not to或use(d)n’t，上例句子同样可以写成：
He used not to swim in winter.
Used he to swim in winter?
He used to swim in winter, use(d)n’t he?
3） 在there be结构中
There used to be a river here. 过去这儿有条河。（肯定句）
Used there to be a river here? （一般疑问句）
There used to be a river here, use(d)n’t there? （或didn’t there?）
37、 belong to
（1）--be the property of 属于（某人）、成为（某人）…（之财产）。
e.g. These books belong to the old man. 这些书是那位老人的。
注意：belong to sb.不用作被动语态。
（2）--be a member of …为…之一员；已加入。
e.g. What club do you belong to? 你是哪个俱乐部的会员？
38、 pretend假装
（1） vt. 后面可接动词不定式或that从句。
e.g. He pretended to be ill. 同He pretended that he was ill. 他装病。
He pretended that he did not understand what I meant. 他假装不明白我的意思。
同He pretended not to understand what I meant.
The girl pretended that she was reading. 那个女孩假装在看书。
同The girl pretended that she was reading.
The an pretended to have done the work himself.
同：The man pretended that he had done the work himself. 那人装作他自己做了那项工作。
（2） vi.
e.g. Leave her alone. She isn’t really crying; she is only pretending. 别管她。她不是真哭，是假装的。
39、 form
（1）n.--(of) a kind 种类；类型
e.g. I like any form of exercise. 我喜欢任何形式的运动。
（2）n. 格式；表格
e.g. Please fill in this form, giving your name, age and address. 请在这份表格内填上你的姓名，年龄和地址。
（3） vt. --to take or make into a shape 形成
e.g. The little girl formed the clay into a bird. 小女孩把粘土捏成一只小鸟。
（4） vi. --to (cause to ) come into being产生；组成
e.g. A plan began to form in his mind. 一个计划在他脑中形成。
40、 It’s better (for sb.) to do sth. 此句型用以建议某人最好（做）……。it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式。其意与sb. had better do sth. 的句型相近。
e.g. It’s better (for you) to have a rest（同You’d better have a rest.）. You look so tired. 你显得如此疲乏，最好休息一下。
41、 主 + find + it + 形容词（名词）+ to do sth. 这是个含有复合宾语的句式。句中it是动词find的宾语，与后面的形容词一起构成复合宾语。而真正的宾语是不定式或that引导的宾语从句。
e.g. We’ll find it important to keep the balance of nature. 我们会发现保持生态平衡是重要的。（不定式作宾语）
含有此类句型的动词有think, make等。
e.g. We want to make it clear to the public that the dustmen’s job is necessary. 我们要使公众明白，清运工们的工作是不可少的。（that从句作宾语）
42、 ahead of --in front of
（1） 在…前面：There is a bright future ahead of us. 在我们前面有着光明的未来。
（2） 比…早：Betty left on day ahead of us. 贝蒂比我们早一天离开。
（3） be ahead of 比…强；胜过
e.g. Mary is ahead of all the other girls in her class in English.玛丽的英语比她班上其他女生强。
43、 …a box with a lot of food in it. 这是一个由介词with + 宾语 + 介词短语结构，在句中可用作定语，修饰名词或用作状语，表示伴随情况，修饰谓语动词。
e.g. We saw a small river with red flowers and green grass on both sides. 我们看到一条小河，两岸长着红花绿草。（作定语，修饰名词river）
The boy rushed into the classroom with a football under his arm.那个男孩腋下夹着个足球，冲进了教室。（作状语，修饰谓语动词rushed）
44、 continue v.
（1） vt. --go on doing sth. 继续（做某事）
1） They deciede to continue the football match. 他们决定继续进行足球比赛。（后接名词）
The story will be continued in next issue. 这故事将在下一期里继续登载。（可用于被动语态）
2） 动词continue后面可接动词不定式或动名词做宾语（意义上无甚区别）
e.g. They continued to climb / climbing the mountain though it was raining. 虽然天在下雨，但他们继续爬山。
（2） vi.--go on happening继续；延续。
e.g. How far does this railway line continue? 这条铁路线全长多少？
45、 So do I. 与Neither / Nor do I. 这是一种倒装结构，表示“……也……”之意。其结构是：
肯定：So + be / have / (do, will, can等助动词或情态动词) + 主语
否定：Neither / Nor + be / have / (do, will, can等助动词或情态动词) + 主语
e.g. He is a basketball fan. So am I. （同：I am a basketball fan, too.）他是个篮球迷，我也是。
Mary doesn’t like swimming. Neither / Nor do I. （同：I don’t like swimming, either.）
46、 强调句型It is / was + 被强调部分 + who / that + 其它部分
此句型中，被强调部分常是句中的主语、宾语或状语。被强调部分指人时，用who或that皆可；指事物或情况时，则用that。应注意：
（1） 若被强调部分是时间状语或地点状语，不能用when或where, 而用that。
（2） 被强调的代词的格应与原句的格一致。例如
1） 原句：You are wrong.
It is you who are wrong. （强调主语you）
2） 原句：I first met him here a year ago.
It was here that I first met him a year ago. （强调地点状语here）
It was a year ago that I first met him here. （强调时间状语a year ago）
47、 develop v.
（1） vt. --发展；养成；形成；培养
e.g. He developed an interest in science. 他培养了对科学的兴趣。
（2） vi. --发展；开发；形成
e.g. A child’s mind and body won’t develop properly if he doesn’t play. 一个孩子如不玩耍，他的身心将不能得到正常发展。
（3） developing countries发展中国家
（4） development n. 发展
e.g. Scientists study the development of animal life. 科学家们研究动物生活的发展情况。
48、 learn; learn about
（1） learn vt.--听到；获悉；得知
e.g. I’ve learned that he will take part in the school sports meet next month. 我得知他下个月将参加校运动会。
（2） learn about--了解到或听到……（消息或情况）
e.g. How did you learn about our physics contest? 你是怎样了解到有关我们物理竞赛的情况的？
高一年级第二学期
1、type: [C] a particular kind, class, or group; group or class of people or things very like each
other 型，式，型号
kind: [C] race, natural group（自然界的）种，类
DIS：kind, type:
Kind 表示完全是同一类的东西，而type常用来表示同一类型，型号的意思：blood of the same type 同血型；different types of cars 不同型号的汽车
Fish and birds are of different kinds of animals 鱼和鸟是不同类的动物。
2、resistant:
be resistant to 中，to 是介词，不是不定式的符号，其名词形式后也跟介词to。
There was still considerable resistance in him to recounting the full details of his miserable past.他仍然不愿把他悲惨的过去详细地讲出来。
3、CF: cost, spend:
都可以表示“花费…（金钱）”：The book cost me $10. = I spent $10 on the book.
买这本书我花了十美元。
Spend可以表示“用了……(时间) ”：They spent the rest of the morning wandering in the street.
上午的其余时间他们在街上闲逛。
4、DIS: cloth, cloths, clothing
cloth 作不可数名词时，泛指布或一类布：
It will take three yards of cloth to make a suit for you. 你做一套衣服得用三码布。
作可数名词时，指某一特定用途的一块布：
The woman cleaned the floor with an old cloth. 那位妇女用一块旧布擦地板。
Clothes复数形式，意为衣服，suits, coats, shirts, dresses等统称为clothes:
The little boy went to church in his best clothes. 那个小男孩穿着盛装上教堂。
Clothes 不与数词连用。Clothing 是集合名词，不可数，意为服装，是包括鞋帽袜等的衣着的总称，好多情况下可与clothes 替换：People in Europe wear warm clothing / clothes in winter. 冬天欧洲人穿暖和的衣服。几件衣服要出售。一套衣服只能说a suit of clothes 不可说a suit of clothing.
5、instead of -- in place of 代替
e.g. Shall we have tea instead of coffee after lunch? 午饭后我们不喝咖啡，喝茶好吗？
CF: instead of, instead
Instead 只能单独使用，可置于句首或句尾；用于句首，起承上启下的作用，在句尾时，常用于两个各自独立的句子，并列句或带有各类状语从句的复合句中。
e.g. He won’t go to the concert. Instead, he’ll go to the cinema. 他不会去听音乐会的，相反，他要去看电影。
6、as well as: not only… but also… besides 除……之外也
as well as 与as well
as well as 不但…而且…
The factory manufactures tractors as well as trucks. 这家厂不但生产部门卡车也生产拖拉机。
as well as 作“不但…而且…”解时，与“not only… but also”侧重点不同。前者强调前面部分，后者强调but also 后的部分。
as well 同样的，也
We should study hard and keep fit as well. 我们应该努力学习，而且应该保持健康。
as well 的意义与also或too 相同，一般用于肯定句，常可替换，通常放在句末。
7、be made of: 在制成成品后，材料本身性质并不发生变化，成品中仍能看出原材料。
如wood, iron, stone, cotton, silk 等，有时可指若干种成份构成的混合物。
The Great Pyramid is made of huge stones. 大金字塔是由巨大石块砌成的。
8、be made from 某材料制成成品后，原料的性质通常已发生变化，成品中已看不出原料
是什么。
Glass is made from sand and lime. 玻璃是砂子和石灰炼成的。
9、be made in 由…制造
These machines were made in China.这些机器由中国制造。
10、hold up: stop, delay 阻止，阻塞
11、be worried about: 动词形式worry about
12、will be without = will not have
13、 with the rise of …随着……的提高在句中通常作伴随或方式状语。
e.g. With the rise of supermarkets and shopping centres, Chinese society has changed a lot. 随着超级市场和购物中心，中国社会起了很大变化。
类似的搭配还有：with the help of ……在……帮助下；with the development of ……随着……的发展；with the change of ……随着……的变化
e.g. With the development of modern industry, more and more waste is produced. 随着现代工业的发展，愈来愈多的废物也产生了。
14、 the number of ……数量为……
要注意与a number of 的区别。试比较：
The number of the students in this school is over one thousand. 这所学校学生的数量超过了1千。
A number of students are standing outside the classroom. 许多学生站在教室外面。
注意：the number of表示“…的数量”，of与后面的名词复数构成介词短语作定语，修饰the number。作主语时，谓语动词是单数形式；a number of表示“若干，不少，很多，”是一个作定语修饰可数名词复数的词组，故谓语动词通常是复数形式。
15、⑴enough: n.[U] (quantity or number) as great as is needed (数量或数目)足够，充分
e.g. Enough has been said on his subject. 关于这个问题说得已够多了。
△ [USAGE: 作名词用时enough的句型为：~ of the /this/that/his etc. + noun (for sb. or for sb. to do sth. ): Have you had ~ of this TV programme yet?这个电视节目你看够了吗? Will ￡5 be ~ for you ( to cover journey) ? 五英镑够你（旅行）用吗？
I have had ~ of your grumbling and groaning. 我已听够你的抱怨和牢骚了。]
⑵ enough: adj. as many or as much as necessary 足够的，充分的：
e.g. There is enough food for ten people.有足够十人吃的食物。
△ [USAGE：①无比较级和最高级②enough 可以置于复数名词或不可数名词的前面或后面，但置于前面更常见：We have ~ time to do the work.我们有足够的时间做这工作。]
⑶ enough: adv. to the righ or necessary degree 足够地，充分的：
e.g. The book is easy ~ for me to read. (= This book is so easy that I can read it.)
这本书很容易读，我可以看懂。
△ [USAGE：①置于形容词、副词或分词之后：I was foolish ~ to believe her.我相信了她，真是够傻的了。②cannot do ~ (= cannot do too) 即使…也不嫌过分： You can never be careful ~. 你怎么小心也不过分（越小心越好）。③well ~, not very but only; 还好，还可以：He swims well ~ but he would swim very well if he tried harder. 他游泳游得相待好，不过再努力点会游得更好。]
16、more than = over: He is more than fifty. = He is over fifty.
17、make arrangements 作安排：I’ll make arrangements for a car to meet you at the airport.我将安排一辆汽车去机场接你。
18、give one’s advice on (about) sth. 对……提出建议
on (about) 后面也可跟不定式，但不定式前必须有疑问词
what to eat
advice on (about) how to do it
when to set out
where to spend our holiday
19、 link v. 证明是，原来是，结果是
Prove e.g. A rumour does not always ~ (to be) a fact.传闻弄到最后不一定是事实。
Vt. 跟名词，跟从句，跟复合结构
e.g. These facts prove the truth of his words. 这些事实证明他的话是正确的。
20、try out 试用，考验，试验：I’m going to try the new car out. 我去试一下新车。
21、dream of (doing sth. 或sth. ) 梦想，幻想，向往
that
22、ever since 从那时起直至今日，此后一直
23、be on fire 着火了
24、deserve: vt. , vi. be worthy of; be fit for应该得到
e.g. “You’ve been working all morning. You ~ a rest.”
“你已干了整整一个上午。你应该休息一下。”
[USAGE：① deserve不用进行时。词组be deserving of … 值得…, 应受到…中的deserving是adj. ② deserve后面通常接不定式： He deserves to be punished. 他理应受到惩罚。有时可接形式上主动而意念上是被动的动名词：The old man deserves looking after. 那个老汉应得到照顾。③ deserve 后面有时接以that 引起的宾语从句，从句里用should: Does he ~ that you should treat him like this? 他值得你这样对待他吗？]
△ [V&C：V ~ first prize 应得一等奖 ~ the praise 应受到表扬 ~ punishment 应受到惩罚 MN a deserved honour 应得的荣誉 a deserved punishment 应受的惩罚 a deserving student 值得奖励的学生 OC ~ well of 应受 …的奖赏，有功于 ~ ill of 应受…的惩罚，有罪于]
△ S earn, win
△ D deserving adj. 该受的，值得…的，n. 功过，赏罚 deservedly adv. 理所当然地，应得的。
25、fellow: n. ①[C] man or boy家伙；小伙子
e.g. He’s a pleasant ~ . 他是个和气的人。
poor ~ 可怜的家伙 my dear ~ 老兄，老朋友
②[C] ( usually pl.) comrade, companion 同伴，同事
e.g. school fellows 同学 fellows in misery 共患难的伙伴
fellow: adj. another(of two or mare things or people like oneself) 同类的，同等的
e.g. a ~ creature 同类，同胞 a ~ soldier 战友 a ~ traveller 旅伴
~ feeling 同情
26、pretty: adj. ①pleasing and attractive 漂亮的，精致的：He has a ~ daughter.他有个可爱的女儿。She looks prettier with long hair.她留长发看起来更加漂亮。
②considerable in amount or extent 相当多的，相待大的：
e.g. It will cost you a ~ penny. 它会花费你不少钱。
pretty: adv. fairly, moderately but not completely 相当地，颇：
e.g. It’s ~ clod outdoors today. 今天室外很冷。
27、while: n. a length of time, esp. a short one 一会儿，一段时间：
e.g. Just wait for a ~ and then I’ll help you. 稍等一会儿，我就来帮你。
while:①during the time that; for as long as; at the same time as 当…的时候，在
…之时，和…同时：
e.g. He fell asleep ~ (he was) doing his English exercises. 他在做英文练习的时候睡着了。While there is life there is hope. 只要有生命就有希望。
②（implying a contrast）whereas (含相对之意)而，却，其实，反之：
e.g. One lost a leg, another an arm, ~ a third was killed. 一个人失去一条腿，另一个丢了一条胳膊，第三个人被杀了。
③(implying a concession) although (含有让步之意) 虽然:
e.g. While respected, he is not liked. 他虽受人尊敬，但并不被人喜爱。
28、lesson: n. [C] ①period of time a pupil or class studies a subject, esp. as one of
many such periods课，课程：
e.g. Each history ~ lasts 40 minutes. 每节历史课持续40分钟。
②something, such as a warning example or experience, from
which one should learn 教训:
e.g. That accident taught me a ~. 那次事给了我一次教训。
29、ignorance: n. [U] ①lack of knowledge 无知，愚昧
e.g. Some species have been wiped out through ~.
有些物种由于人们的无知而灭绝了。
②unaware, without knowing 不知：
e.g. We’re in complete ~ of/about his plans to go abroad.
我们完全不知道他的出国计划。
ignore: v. vt. take no notice of, refuse to take notice of 不理，不顾，忽视：
e.g. You’d better ~ the rude woman, or she’ll make more trouble.
你最好别理睬那泼妇，否则她会制造更多的麻烦。
[USAGE: ~ sth. 是假装不知道或假装未见：She saw him coming but she ignored him. 她看见他走来，但没有理睬他。而be ignorant of sth. 则是“不知道某事”：He was ignorant of the fact. 他不知道这个事实。]
30、Don’t mention it. 不用谢，不要这样说，哪里哪里（客套话）。是对别人感谢的有礼貌而文雅的答复。
31、think nothing of it. 不用谢，没关系
32、I am glad to have been of help.我很高兴我能帮助你。
33、take advantage of 利用（时机，他人的无知、弱点等）
e.g. He took advantage of her kindness. 他利用了她的善良。
34、as a result 结果，因此
e.g. Harold was fond of gambling, as a result, he lost almost all his money. 哈罗德嗜赌的结果是几乎输掉了所有的钱。
35、pretty soon = very soon
36、make off 走开，逃走；突然离开（尤其做错事后）
37、leave…alone 别惹，不管，撇下……一个人
38、learn a good lesson 得到了一个很好的教训
39、in one’s turn 轮到某人也（做某事），也
40、in turn 轮流地，挨个
41、outdoor: adj. -- done or used outside a house 户外的，用于户外的
indoor (反义词)--done or used inside a house 户内的，用于户内的
这两个形容词都仅作定语用
⑴outdoor / indoor sports 室外/室内运动
⑵outdoor / indoor photography 室外/室内摄影
outdoors adv. --outside 户外，在户外
indoors (反义词)--inside 室内，在室内，在句中作地点状语。
e.g. Children like playing games outdoors on fine days.
好天气时，孩子们喜欢在室外做游戏。
42、⑴have trouble with sth or sb.
① have trouble with + 身体的某一部分 ……有毛病；……痛
have trouble with one’s teeth 牙痛
② have trouble with sb 应付……有困难；同……闹纠纷；跟……有了点麻烦：This was the first time I had serious trouble with an employer. 这是我第一次与一个雇主之间游乐大的麻烦。
③ have trouble with sth. 做某事有难处
I hope you won’t have any trouble with the work. 我希望你在做这项工作中没有任何麻烦。
⑵have trouble (in) doing sth
也可说have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦、有困难
trouble, difficulty 在此都作不可数名词
例如：Did you have much trouble getting tickets for the opera?
你购买这个歌剧的票子很困难吗？
43、as well as:
⑴等于besides 除……外，还……；不但……而且…… 连接两个并列成份
e.g. John can speak Chinese as well as French. 约翰不但会讲法语还会讲中文。
⑵连接两个主语，谓语动词根据前者来定。
Not only…but also 两个主语根据邻近的主语而定。
e.g. The teacher as well as the students has visited the museum.
那位老师和学生都曾参观过那个博物馆。
44、add to: v.+ prep. increase 增加：
e.g. This added to your difficulties. 这增添了你们的困难。
45、filled these requirements 满足这些要求
也可说answer these requirements
meet these requirements
satisfy these requirements
46、regret: v.
⑴跟名词或代词：He regretted his decision. 他后悔他的决定。
⑵跟从句：I ~ that I shall not be able to come. 我很遗憾我不能来。
⑶跟动名词：He regretted being unable to help us.
他为不能帮助我们而感到抱歉。
⑷跟不定式：（指对发生的事表示“抱歉”，“遗憾”）遗憾地（说，告诉等）
I ~ to say that I can not go with you. 很遗憾我不能和你一起去。
n.
⑴遗憾、懊悔（不可数）：I felt no ~ for it. 这件事我不觉得后悔。
注：有时用复数形式表示“遗憾”、“歉意”
Please accept my regrets. 请接受我的歉意。
⑵感到遗憾的事：
His ~ was that he had never learned German. 他遗憾的是他从未学过德语。
regrettable: adj. 值得遗憾，令人遗憾
47、object: v. ①vi. be against, feel dislike反对，不喜欢
②vt.（…that）give as an objection (接从句) 提出…作为反对的理由，反对说
USAGE：n.
⑴物件，东西（可数）
What objects do you see in the picture?在这画中你看见什么物体？
⑵目标，目的（可数）
What is his ~ in doing that?他这么做的目的是什么？
⑶宾语
The receiver of these actions is called the ~. 这些行为的接受者称为宾语。
vi. & vt.
⑴与to 连用：
a) 跟名词：
No one ~ to the idea. 没有人反对这意见。
b) 跟动名词：
Do you ~ to smoking?你反对吸烟吗？
⑵跟不定式：（非正式体）
Would you ~ to let him go?你反对他去吗？
objection n. 反对（不可数）反对理由（可数）
I’m sure she will have no ~. 我确信她不会反对。
48、arrange: ①vi. make planes in advance; see to the details of sth.预做计划，筹
备，安排细节：I can’t ~ for everything. 不能一切都靠着我办。
②vi. come to an agreement 约定，商定：
e.g. Shall we ~ about the meeting?我们协商一下那个会议怎么样？
③vt. put in order安排，排列，布置，整理：
e.g. She arranged flowers well. 她插花插得好。
④vt. adapt 改编：
e.g. They are arranging a novel for the stage.
他们在把一本小说改编成剧本。
△ [USAGE：arrange 的常用结构为① ~ to do sth. 安排做某事② ~ for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事③ ~ + that 引导的从句]
49、 desire: vt. long for; wish; have a desire for渴望
e.g. He doesn’t desire fame. 他不求名。
⑵跟不定式：She had never desired to do anything like it. 她从不期望做那样的事。
⑶跟从句：I desire that you shall be there. 我希望你去那里。
⑷跟由动词不定式构成的复合结构：I desire you to go at once. 我希望你立即去。
50、turn to: v. +prep. ①go to someone for help 求助于：The child turned to its mother for help. 这孩子找他妈妈帮忙。②change to 变成：Blue turns to green when you mix it with yellow. 蓝颜色调上黄颜色就会变成绿颜色。③take a different course or direction towards 转向：The main road turns sharply to the left. 大路向左急转弯。
51、help out: 帮助某人克服困难，尤其是在对方急需时的暂时帮忙。
Please help me out with this problem. 请帮我解释这题目。
52、a store’s throw 一小段距离
53、arrange to do 安排做某事：Martin arranged to meet him next day. 马丁安排了第二天与他见面。
54、recognize: vt. know again (somebody) or something one has met before) 认出；识别
CF：recognize, know：recognize 是瞬间动词，表示能认出曾经见过或原来认识的人和物： Do you recognize him? 你认得他是谁吗？know 是持续性动词。作“认识”解时，可以表示认识或熟悉某人，也可以是表示认识某人是谁，即可用于人，也可用于物：Do you know him? 你认识他吗？
55、nearby: adj. near, close by 附近的：
We went to a ~ town. 我们到附近的一个镇上去了。
[USAGE：(1) 无比较级和最高级。(2) BrE中多用neighbouring替代nearby, 或将nearby放在所形容的名词之后：a neighbouring village 或a village nearby]
nearby: adv. close by, close at hand 在附近，在手边：
There is a football match being played ~. 附近正在举行一场足球比赛。
[USAGE：nearby 用作副词时多为AmE]
△ A far
near: v. (1) vi. come closer in distance or time (to) 接近：The harvest season nears. 收获季节快到了。 (2) approach 走近，靠近：The ship was nearing the port. 船正驶近港口。
near: adj. (1) not far, not as much distance 近的，不远的：Go and pick an apple from the nearest tree. 到最近的树上去摘苹果。(2) closer 较近的：He stood on the ~ bank of the river. 他站在较近的河岸上。(3) close in relationship or affection, dear近亲的，亲密的，亲近的：He is a ~ and dear friend. 他是个极亲密的朋友。
△[USAGE：①near用作“近的”解释时，只能作定语形容词，而且无比较级。②near和close的意义几乎相同，但在某些短语中不能相互替换：the ~ future不久的将来 the ~ distance近距离 a close friend 亲密的朋友]
near: adv. (1) at or within a short distance 附近：He lives quite ~. 他住得很近。
The houses stand ~ to each other. 两座房子互相靠近。
(2) (of times and seasons) not far off 接近，来临：
The summer holidays are drawing ~. 暑假快到了。
△[USAGE：①~ at hand = close 临近：We move to a new house where there are some shops ~ at hand. 我们搬进附近有些商店的新居。②nowhere ~ = not near(ly) / well；away from. 离……很远：The arrow was nowhere ~ the target. 箭根本没有射到靶子。③~ upon/on = not far in time from 将近： It was ~ upon/on 2 o’clock. 将近2点钟。④~ to = almost 几乎： I came very ~ to hitting him. 我几乎要揍他。]
near: prep. (1) within a short distance of 近，接近：Near the house stands an old well. 房子附近有一口古井。(2) within a short time of临近，将近：It is ~ ten o’clock. 几乎要10点钟了。(3) within a small amount or degree of 接近（表示程度或数量）：This new freighter is ~ completion. 这艘新货轮即将完工。
△ [USAGE：① ~ to 用于场所和时间时，着重“向……接近”的意味，此外引伸地表示接近关系或接近程度：Jack is ~ to the minister. 杰克和部长的关系是接近的。]
△ A far from
56、dare: (1) vt. be brave enough to do 敢于（做）
(2) vt. face, take the risk of 敢于面对，敢于尝试
(3) v. aux. be brave enough to 敢
USAGE：
(1) 作情态动词：
a) 用于否定句：
e.g. I daren’t have done it yesterday, but I think I dare now. 我昨天不敢做，现在我想我敢了。
b) 用于疑问句及条件从句：
e.g. How dare you ask me such a question?你怎么敢问我这问题？
(2) 作及物动词：
a) 敢
e.g. I didn’t dare too move. 我不敢动。
b) 敢于面对、敢于尝试
e.g. He will dare any danger. 他敢于面对危险。
57、favour: n. (1) [C] kind act恩惠；帮助：
I regard this as a very great ~.我把这看成是极大的恩惠。
(2)[U] liking or thinking well of somebody or something喜爱，好感，欢心：The girl did all she could to win her mother’s ~.那个女孩千方百计地讨母亲的欢心。
(3) [U] unfairly kind treatment to somebody or something 偏爱，偏袒：A teacher should not show too much ~ to on of his students. 教师不应该偏爱某一学生。
(4) [U] encouragement and approval 支持，赞成：They will look with ~ on your plan.他们会以赞赏的态度看待你的计划。
△ [USAGE：①AmE中拼写为favor ②在ask sb. a ~ (求某人帮个忙)这一短语中如把间接宾语放到后面时，介词应该用of，表达成ask a ~ of sb. ；而在do sb. a ~ (帮某人一个忙)中，则表达成do a ~ for sb. ]
favour: vt. (1) show more favour to 偏爱，袒护：Mary is unhappy because her mother favours her brother. 玛丽感到不高兴，因为母亲袒护她弟弟。
(2) do something for帮助，为某人做某事：Will you now ~ us with a song? 请你为我们唱首歌好吗？
(3) believe in (a plan, or idea) 赞成，支持：
Did he ~ your plan? 他赞成你们的计划吗？
(4) (of conditions) make possible or easy（指情况）便于，对……有利：
The conditions there all ~ you.那儿的条件都对你有利。
(5) (of a child) look like容貌像：The boy favours his father.那个孩子像他的父亲。
[USAGE：favour后不能接双宾语，不可说：Please ~ me an early reply. 该在“me”后面加上介词“with”]
58、accomplish: vt. succeed in doing finish successfully, perform 实行；完成
e.g. The builders have accomplished the difficult piece of work.
建设者们已完成了这项困难的工作。
All this was accomplished in a year. 所有这些是杂七杂八一年中完成的。
They didn’t ~ the purpose desired. 他们没有达到期望的目标。
59、worthwhile: adj. worth doing值得的
（做表语、定语。作定语时常为前置定语）
e.g. The visit to Paris was ~. 去巴黎参观是值得的。
He thinks teaching foreign languages is a ~ job.
他认为教外语是值得做的工作。
worth (one’s) while（俗）值得，作表语或宾语补足语，作定语时（为后置定语），须放在所修饰名词的后边，如果放在前边，则须用worthwhile.
e.g. It’s not worth your while reading this book. 你不值得读这本书。
worth: n. [U] value 价值：The ~ of the discovery of that small island wasn’t realized until late in the 1830s.发现那个小岛的价值一直到19世纪30年代才被认识。
worth: adj. (1) of the value of值…的，相当于…价值的：
This pen isn’t ~ all the trouble. 这支笔不值那个价。
(2)deserving 值得的：What is ~ doing is ~ doing well.
值得干的就必须干好。
60、prepare: v. -- make ready 准备，筹备
⑴prepare for …做好……准备
Will you help me (to) prepare for the dinner?你能帮我为晚宴做好准备工作吗？
⑵prepare sb. / oneself to do sth. 让某人做好……的准备。
He prepared himself to accept the failure. 他做好了失败的准备。
⑶prepared adj. -- be prepared for…为……作好（思想）准备（系表结构），与be ready for 意义相同，强调事物的状态。
He was well prepared for the party. 他为晚会做了充分的准备。
61、bother: vt. to cause to be nervous, annoy of trouble, esp. in little ways打扰；烦恼
e.g. I’m busy, don’t bother me. 我正忙着，不要打扰我。
vi. take trouble 麻烦：Don’t bother about getting dinner for me today, I’ll eat at a restaurant in town. 今天不必为我预备晚饭了，我在市里的饭店吃饭。
62、improve: vt. make better改进
e.g. We will use computers to ~ our work. 我们将用计算机来改善我们的工作。
This is not good enough, I want to ~ it. 这还不够好，我要加以改进。
vi. get better 变得更好：
e.g. His health is improving. = He is improving in health. 他的健康状况正在好转。I hope the weather will ~ . 我希望天气会变好。
63、that is = that is to say
e.g. They left two weeks ago, that is to say, on July 27.
他们两星期前离开的，也就是说7月27日。
It will also be teaching them to think, that is to say, to think clearly and to think deeply.这将教会他们去思考，也就是说深思熟虑。
64、prevent: vt. keep ( something) from happening or stop ( someone) from doing something阻止；妨碍
[USAGE: 1）prevent … from … 阻止
e.g. The delay prevented your letter from being sent. 这延迟使你的信不能寄出。
I wonder what prevented him from coming. 我不知何事使他不能来。
Bad weather prevented me from my starting. 因天气不好我不能动身。
2）prevent sb. (one’s) doing sth.
e.g. Who can ~ our getting married now that you are of age?
既然你已成年，谁能阻止我们结婚呢？
prevention: n. 阻止，防止
keep … from … 阻止 stop … from … 阻止
65、suppose: vt. let it be thought that; take it as a fact that假定；猜想
[USAGE：1）想认为、猜测、设想
e.g. He supposed it was too late to change his mind. 他认为要改变主意太晚了。
I don’t supposed I’ll trouble you again. 我猜想我不会再麻烦你了。
2) 假定：
e.g. Suppose your father saw you, what would he say?
假定你父亲看见你，他会说什么？
~ a war broke out, what shall we do?假定战争爆发，我们该做什么？
3) be supposed to 应，理当
e.g. He is supposed to arrive here at seven. 他应该七点到达这里。
be not supposed to do （口语）不应当
e.g. You are not supposed to smoke on the bus. 你不应该在车上吸烟。
He’s not supposed to do that. 他不应该那样做。
注：suppose可用来表示一种假想的条件，近似于“if”的意思，这类句子要用虚拟语气，动词为过去式。
66、seem: vi. ①give the idea or effect of being, appear似乎
②appear to be true好像
(1) seem 跟不定式：
e.g. I don’t seem to lack anything. 我好像没有漏什么东西。
He seems to have lost all desire to write. 他似乎已完全失去了写作的信心。
Several people in the crowd seemed to be fighting.
人群中有几个人好像在打架。
Something seemed to be wrong with him. 他好像有什么麻烦。
(2) link v. 看来，似乎是（什么样子）
e.g. He seems quite happy. ( 跟形容词)他看来很幸福。
Arthur seemed embarrassed by the question. （跟分词）
亚瑟似乎被这问题卡住了。
She seems an unusually clever girl. (跟名词)她看来是个不寻常的聪明女孩。
You seem in high spirits, Mary. （跟介词短语）玛丽，你似乎情绪很高。
(3) 用于此结构：It seems that … 似乎，仿佛感到（觉得）
e.g. It seems that this big ocean has grown smaller. = This big ocean seems to have
grown smaller. 这海洋仿佛变得小了。
It seemed that he regarded it as a small success. = He seemed to regard it as a small
success. 他似乎把它看作是一个小小的成功。
There seems/seemed (to be) … 好像有，似乎有
e.g. There seemed to be something the matter with her.她似乎有什么事。
There seemed nothing wrong with his feet. 他的脚好像没有什么。
67、provide: vt. , vi. give things that someone needs供给；提供
1) provide sb. sth.
e.g. The hotel provides good meals. 那家旅馆供应优质饭菜。
Tom provided her a pretty hat. 汤姆给他一顶漂亮的帽子。
2) provide sb. with sth.
e.g. The school provides lunches for students who live far a way.
学校给住得远的学生提供午餐。
Sheep provide us with wool. 羊供给我们羊毛。
3) provide sth. for (to) sb.
e.g. The Red Cross provides food, clothing and medicine for disaster victims.
红十字会为遇难的人提供食物、衣着、药品。
I must provide food and clothes for my family. 我必须给家里提供衣食。
68、available: adj. able to be got, used etc. 可取得的；可采用的
e.g. Every bit of ~ equipment was being used to fight the fire.
所有可用以救火的器具都用来救火了。
The washing machine is still available. 这台洗衣机还能使用。
Tickets for concert are now ~ . 音乐会的票子能够买到。
All sizes of shirts are ~ in this shop. 这家商店里各种号码的衬衣都有。
The ticket is ~ for a month. 这个票子有效期为一个月。
69、assure: vt. try to cause (someone) to believe or trust in something, promise, try to
persuade使（某人）相信
USAGE：
(1) assure sb. that…
I ~ them that I’ll do my best. 我向他们保证我们将尽力而为。
The pilot assured us that the plane would land safely in an hour.
飞行员向我们保证，飞机将在一小时后安全着陆。
(2) assure sb. of … 向某人保证……
I ~ you of his honesty. 我向你保证他的诚实。
He assured us of his full support for our plan. 他向我们保证他完全支持我们的计划。
70、make sure (certain)
(1) make sure / certain 必须做到，一定要做到，使有把握，确定，查明
Make sure he comes at once. 务必叫他马上来。
Make certain that both doors are locked when you go out.
你出走时，一定要把两扇门锁好。
Can you make sure whether he is on our side?你能查一查他是否站在我们一边吗？
To make certain you get there in time, I will fetch you in the car.
为了保证你及时来到，我要开车去接你。
(2) make sure of 弄确切，弄清，使肯定
If you want to make sure of a seat you had better book in advance.
如果想肯定弄到一个座位，你最好预先订购。
Make sure of your facts before you write your report on the life of New York.
在写纽约生活的报道之前，一定要先弄清事实。