Unit5 知识归纳(人教版高一英语上册教案教学设计)

发布时间:2016-9-10编辑:互联网

(一)如何使用marry一词

(1)marry在大多数情况下是及物动词,需要宾语或用被动语态。

e.g.When did she get married?

她是什么时候结婚的?

(2)在有副词修饰时,marry可作不及物动词用。

e.g.She married very early.

她结婚很早。

(3)“和某人结婚”不能说“marry with sb.”,应该说“marry to sb.”也可以不与介词搭配,将marry用作及物动词。

e.g.She married a doctor.

or:She was married to a doctor.

她和一个医生结了婚。

(4)marry和get married都是非延续性动词,因此不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,表示结婚已有一段时间应该用be married。

e.g.They have been married for ten years.

他们结婚已经10年了。

(5)问现在的婚姻状态时,可以说“Is she married (or single)?”但不能说“Has she married?”

(二)keep一词用法小结

keep是高考常考词汇之一,其含义丰富,与其搭配的短语也很多,其主要用法如下:

用作及物动词

(1)保留,保存,保持,留下

e.g.We’d better keep a seat for him.

我们最好给他留个座位。

He kept all the money in the bank.

他把所有的钱都存入了银行。

(2)履行(诺言),遵守

e.g.One should keep one’s promise.

一个人应当遵守自己的诺言。

Everyone must keep the law.

人人都必须守法。

(3)赡养,养活,饲养

e.g.He has a large family to keep.

他有一大家人要养活。

The old man kept many animals like dogs,pigs and cats.

这位老人养了许多动物,像狗、猪、还有猫等。

(4)经营,管理

e.g.He kept a hotel in this city.

在这座城市里,他开了一家旅店。

She is good at keeping house.

她擅长管理家务。

(5)保守(秘密),记(日记、账)

e.g.Can you keep a secret?

你能保守秘密吗?

The boy keeps a diary every day.

这个男孩每天记日记。

(6)使……处于某种状态(情况)

在这种情况下,keep常跟复合结构(keep+宾语+补语)。用作宾语补足语的词有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。

e.g.He kept me waiting for half an hour.

他让我等了半个小时。

Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.

少说话,多观察。

The doctor kept me in for a week.

医生一周没让我出去。

He always keeps his books in good order.

他总是把书放得整整齐齐。

用作不及物动词

(1)保持,继续(处于某种状态)(keep为系动词)

e.g.Please keep quiet.

请保持安静。

We’re keeping in very good health.

我们身体非常好。

(2)(食物)保持良好状态。

e.g.Will this fish keep till tomorrow?

这鱼能放到明天吗?

keep构成的一些短语

keep(sb.)away(from sth.)(使)离开(某物)

keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事

keep sth.in mind记住某事

keep sb./sth. out(of sth.)不让……入内

keep back忍住(眼泪),扣下,隐瞒

keep in touch with 与……保持联系

keep(on)doing sth.继续做某事

keep off远离,避开

keep up 保持(不低落),继续

keep up with 跟上,不落在后面

(三)afford的用法

及物动词,其主要用法如下:

(1)“担负得起(……的费用、时间)”,常与can,could,be able to连用,表示“有足够的(时间、金钱等)条件(做某事)”。

afford +n./pron.

e.g.Now many people can’t afford the medical treatment in the country.

现在在农村许多人看不起病。

I can’t afford the time for it.

这时间我花不起。

afford to do sth.

e.g.Before liberation many people couldn’t afford to go to school.

解放前,许多人上不起学。

We can’t afford to buy this new house.

我们买不起这新房子。

(2)提供,供给,给予(正式用语)

afford sth.

e.g.The trees afford a pleasant shake.

这些树提供阴凉。

afford sb.sth./afford sth.to sb.

e.g.Reading affords us pleasure.

阅读使我们快乐。

History affords lessons to us.

历史给我们提供经验教训。

(四)关系副词when/where不能替代“介词+which”的场合归纳。

在定语从句中,when/where往往可以代替某些“介词+which”。

e.g.Tell me the time when/at which the train leaves.

告诉我火车发车的时间。

You’ll have some spare time when/during which you can learn English at home.

你会有些在家你可以学习英语的业余时间。

This is the school where/at which I used to study.

这就是我过去上学的那所学校。

Think of a place where/to which we can go for dinner.

想出一个我们可以去吃晚饭的地方。

但在下列情况下,when/where不能代替“介词+which”。

(1)当since,until,after,before+which时,不能被when代替。

e.g.I met Jack in 1980,since which I have never seen him.

我是在1980年见过杰克的,自从那时以来再也没见他。

He came back at ten,until which we worked.

他十点钟回来的,直到那时我们还在劳动。

He went to school at 8,before which he read English.

他八点钟上学,这之前他读了英语。

(2)当on,behind,in front of,through,from,beside,around+which时,不能被where代替。

e.g.I saw a desk on which was a book.

我看见一张桌子上有本书。

The house,in front of which there is a tree,is my home.

那所房子是我的家,其前有棵树。

This is the window through which the thief came in.

这就是贼从那进来的那个窗户。