一、单元考点提示
1.单词
lose the path for ever get away wherever succeed in had best(do) set…on fire blow out as long as clear up at one’s own expense on(the)one hand…on the other(hand) end up(in) (be)suited to/for (be)worth doing open up personally be used to(doing) rely on further prevent from remind although
however
2.句型
I guess/believe… It seems(that)…
It looks as if… It certainly is.
She/He/They must have done…
Will you be free All right. See you then.
On Monday/tomorrow? Yes, I’ll be free then.
How about tomorrow morning/afternoon?
Yes, that’s all right. No, I won’t be free
Shall we meet at 4:30…at? Then, but I’ll be free at…
3.语法
复习句子的成分--状语
复习状语从句
二、考点精析与拓展
1.fine adj./adv./n./v.
(1)adj.美好的，天气晴朗的，（身体）好的，细的
It’s fine today.今天天气很晴朗。
What a fine view it is!多么美丽的风景！
-How are you？
-你好吗？
-Fine, thank you.
-很好，谢谢！（不可用于否定句及疑问句）
First there was a fine rain but then it rained heavily.
开始是毛毛细雨，接着就下大了
(2)adv.很好
Everything went fine.一切顺利
(3)[c]罚金a traffic violation fine违反交通规则罚款
(4)v.处罚金
If you make such a mistake again, you’ll get fined.
如果你再犯这样的错误，你就会挨罚。
短语：fine and 非常，极（强调后面所接的形容词）
one fine day/morning有朝一日
2.find
(1)vt.发现，发觉
She found a wallet lying on the ground.
她发现地上有个钱包。
We found her still asleep.
我们发现她还在睡觉。
He found her left behind.
他发现她被落在后面。
(2)n.发现，发现物（尤指贵重或悦人的）
I made a great find in a second-hand bookshop yesterday.
昨天在旧书店里我有重大发现。
对比：find多指偶然发现，碰见；后可接名词、复合结构或从句。find out指通过观察、探索而发现事实的真相、真情，通过调查找出原因，或发现秘密、错误等；一般接名词、代词或从句。discover指发现客观事物的存在，发现已存在而不为人知的事情；多用于好的事物。
Have you found the book you have been looking for?
你一直找的书找到了吗？
Have you found out why he was late?
你弄清他为什么迟到吗？
Columbus discovered America.
哥伦布发现了美洲。
3.age
(1)n.年龄，时代，时期
The old man died at the age of 80/when he was 80 years of age/when he was 80 years old.
那位老人80岁时去世了。
He is young for his age.
就他的年龄而论，他是年轻的。
What is the age of the church?
这座教堂多少年了？
He was the greatest poet of the age.
他是那个时代最伟大的诗人。
(2)vi./vt. 变老
He is aging fast. Worry ages a man.
他老得很快。忧虑令人老！
I found him greatly aged.
我发现他老多了。
拓展：（1）adj. aged……岁的，年老的
a boy aged ten 一个10岁的男孩
an aged man老人
(2)人生的七期
baby→infant→child→youth→manhood→middle age→old age
婴儿/0→幼儿7→儿童12→青年28→壮年40→中年65→老年
4.come down下来，流传下来，倒塌，没落，病倒，减价
The song comes down to us from the 10th century.（流传下来）
这首歌是从10世纪流传到我们这一代的。
The roof of the house came down during the night.
我听说计算机要降价。
5.clear up（天气）放晴，使明了，收拾整理，解决，了结
The sky cleared up just after the rain.
雨过天晴。
Don’t expect me to clear up after you.
别期望我在你后面收拾东西。（收拾不要的东西）
The police haven’t cleared up the murder case.
警察还没查清那件谋杀案。
His face cleared up as she heard the news.(引申义)
听到这个消息她脸上露出喜悦之情。
对比：clean up打扫干净，整理，获利，赚钱
The students cleaned up the classroom after class.（打扫干净）
下课后学生们打扫教室。
6.as long as/so long as只要
(1)引导条件状语从句
You may borrow the book as / so long as you keep it clean.
只要你不把书弄脏，你就可以借。
As long as you study hard, you’ll make great progress.
只要你努力学习，你就会取得很大进步。
(2)和……一样长
This rope is as long as that one.这条绳子和那条一样长。
This bridge isn’t so/as long as that one.这座桥和那座不一样长。
(3)长达……（表时间）
The old couple have been living in the small town as long as 50 years.
这对老夫妇已在这个小城镇里住了长达50年。
7.tear out撕下，撕掉
He tore some of the papers out of the book.他从书中撕下了几页。
对比：tear up撕碎，撕毁，连根拔起
She tore up the letter.
她把信撕碎了。
The trees were torn up by the hurricane.
树木被飓风连根拔起。
另：tear down拆除（建筑物等） tear sth. in two/half 把……撕成两半
8. get sb. / sth. doing使某人/某物开始活跃或使某物开始工作
Let me try now, I will get the car going
现在让我试试，我会把汽车发动起来。
拓展：get sb. to do sth. = have sb. do sth.让/使某人做某事
get sth. done = have sth. done请人做某事
I’ll get him to do the job.我会让他做这项工作。
When did you get your hair cut?
你什么时候理的发？
9.date back to / date from
追溯到（某个时期），起始于（某个时期），从……时候就存在
The tower dates back to 1173.
这座塔起始于1173年。
The old church dates from the first century A.d.
这座古老的教堂起始于公元1世纪。
My interest in stamp collecting dates from my schooldays.
从学生时代起，我对集邮就开始感兴趣。
10.find one’s way（to sp.）找到；设法找到去……的路
Can you find your way to the post office?
你能找到去邮局的路吗？
Rivers find their way to the sea.
条条江河通大海。
拓展：make one’s way非常困难地前进
feel one’s way 摸索着前进
force / fight one’s way突破……而前进
push one’s way排开……而前进
11.congratulate v.
祝贺，庆贺
常用短语：congratulate sb. on / upon sth. / doing sth.为某事向某人祝贺
congratulate oneself that…因……而自己庆幸
congratulations常用于祝贺语，后可接on，也可单独用。
I’d like to congratulate you on your success.
对你的成功我表示祝贺。
I’d like to offer my congratulations on your success.
对你的成功我表示祝贺。
You really should congratulate yourself on your appearance.
(= You really should congratulate that you are so handsome.)
你真该为自己的外表而庆幸。
对比：celebrate sth.庆贺某事
We’ll celebrate the New Year with a dance party.
我们将举行跳舞晚会以庆贺新年。
拓展：in celebration of… 庆祝……
hold a celebration举行庆祝（会）
12.admire（= respect / praise）vt.羡慕，钦佩，夸奖
admire sb.（for sth.）佩服某人某事
Visitors to Beijing greatly admire our Palace Museum.
去北京的游人极其羡慕我们的故宫。
I admire him for his wisdom.我佩服他的智慧。
别忘了夸奖孩子。
对比：envy（= jealous）vt.嫉妨，羡慕
envy sb.（sth.）嫉妒/羡慕某人某事
We all envy you your good future.
我们都很羡慕你的好运。
13.personally
(1)就我个人来说(= in my personal opinion)，用于表示个人的意见，通常于句首。
Personally, I don’t see much difference between the two.
就我个人来讲，这两者没多大差别。
(2)亲自
The manager went personally to the hospital to see the worker who was seriously ill.
经理亲自去医院看望患重病的工人。
拓展：person/ c. /人personal adj.个人的
personality / c. u. / 个性，品格；人物
14.end up 结果，结束
He started as an employee and ended up as head of the firm.
他以职员开始而最后成为公司的主管。
The party ended up with a song.
晚会以一首歌曲结束。
If you continue to drive so carelessly, you’ll end up in hospital.
如果你继续这样不小心开车，你会进医院的。
对比：end指完结或终止，为意义最单纯的用语；
close指把已开始的事物像关闭似的加以结束；
finish尤指最后的修饰工作，或把已经做的加以完成；
complete指把不完美的各点或有缺陷的部分加以补充完成。
Let’s end the discussion.
The meeting was closed by the chairman’s speech.
Try to finish your homework before 9 o’clock.
Have you completed your new programme?
15.open up
(1)开门，展开，打开
open up = open the door开门
open up the parcel打开包裹
(2)（景色等的）展现
A beautiful view opened up before us.
一幅美景展现在我们面前。
(3)开发，开辟，创建
open up a new situation / a bright future / more waste land
开创一个新局面/美好的前程/开辟更多荒地
(4)吐露真情
She never opened up to me on the subject.
关于那个问题，她从未对我开诚布公。
16.rely on / upon相信，信赖
He relied on his parents’ advice.
他相信父母的劝告。
I rely on you to tell me all about it.
我要靠你把这件事的来龙去脉告诉我。
Such people are not to be relied on.
这样的人是靠不住的。
对比：rely on / upon指由过去的经验，使人相信对方必定能完成所交代的事情；depend on指依赖别人的支持或援助；trust(in)指深信绝对不会发生被出卖或令人失望的事情。
I rely on his ability.我相信她的能力。
She depends on her friends to make a decision.
她依靠朋友帮她做决定。
He is a man to be trusted.
他是一个可以信赖的人。
It depends on whether you want to do it or not.这得看你是否想做。
17.be worth doing = be(well)worthy of being done / to be done(很)值得做
The city is worth visiting.这个城市值得参观。
(= The city is worthy of being visited. = The city is worthy to be visited.)
18.as we say正如我们所说
关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，代埒后面整个句子。
而which引导的非限制性定语从句，没有“正如”的含义，也不能置于主句前面。
As we know, the earth is round.
我们知道，地球是圆的。
Leaves are turning yellow, which means autumn is coming.
树叶正在变黄，这意味着秋天就要来了。
19.as is the case with = as with ……就和……的情况一样
As is the case with his mother, he is fond of music.
跟母亲一样，他喜欢音乐。
As with human, animals also love their babies.
同人一样，动物也爱它们的幼仔。
三、精典名题导解
题1 （2003 上海春）
Unless to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
分析：A。此句考查非谓语动词在省略句中的用法，完整的表达方式为unless you are invited,…
题2 （NMET 2002上海）
Though money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
分析：C。本题同样考查非谓语动词在省略句中的作用，但此题主语与非谓语动词是一种主动关系，故先排除A、D；lack为及物动词，不需用of。
题3 （NMET 2003 北京，31）
I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While
分析：C。as long as 表示“只要”。句意为：只要我知道钱是安全的，我就不会担心。even though即使;unless如果不；while当……的时候。
题4 （NMET 2003 上海，33）
-How far apart do they live?
- I know, they live in the same neighborhood.
A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as
分析：B。as far as 表示程度，范围，意思是“就……，尽……，至于……”，as far as I know 就我所知；as long as 表示时间长度或表示“只要”；as well as 和……一样好；as often as和……一样经常。
题5 （2002上海春）
The famous scientist grew up he was born and in 1980 he came to Shanghai.
A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever
分析：C。 where引导的是地点状语从句。
题6 （NMET 2003 北京 30）
He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation it got worse.
A. until B. when C. before D. as
分析：C。before在……这前，句意为：在形式变得糟糕之前纠正了错误。
题7 （NMET 2003 上海，35）
A good storyteller must be able to hold his listener’s curiosity he reaches the end of the story.
A. when B. unless C. after D. until
分析：D。until用于肯定句时，表示“直到……为止”。全句意为：一个好的讲故事的人只能够使听众的好奇心保持到故事的结尾，才能使他们对故事感兴趣。
题8 （2001 上海，37）
He’s got himself into a dangerous situation（境遇） he is likely to lose control over the plan.
A. where B. which C. while D. why
分析：A。首先理解句意“他使自己陷入一种危险的境地之中，他很可能对飞机失去控制”。在此where引导状语从句。
题9 John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes .
A. open B. to be opened C. to open D. opening
分析：A。该题考查考生对形容词作宾语补足语的掌握情况。当open作宾补时，一般用它的形容词，不用它的现在分词。如：with the windows open/closed
题10 You will succeed in the end you give up halfway.
A. even if B. even though C. as long as D. unless
分析：D。这是一个条件状语从句，unless意为“如果不”，全句意思是“如果你不中途放弃，你最终会成功”。