quit [ ]
vt. 过去时，过去分词quit或 quitted，现在分词quitting
1. 离开;退出
He quitted Paris after a week.
他一周后离开了巴黎。
2. 放弃，停止 [+v-ing]
He has quit smoking.他已戒了烟。
She asked them to quit talking.她要求他们不要说话
quit a job.辞去工作
advised them to quit their dissipated ways.
劝导他们撇弃放荡的生活方式
vi.
1. 离开;迁出
If he doesn't pay his rent, he will receive notice to quit.
如果他不付房租,他将被通知搬出去。
2. 停止
It's almost 5 o'clock; time to quit.都快五点钟了;该下班了。
3. 放弃斗争,认输
4. 【口】辞职
I'm going to quit next week.我将在下周辞职。
apply [ ]
vt.
1. 涂,敷;将...铺在表面 (+to)
The nurse applied the ointment to the wound.
护士把药膏敷到伤口上。
2. 应用;实施 (+to)
We should apply both theories in the language classroom.
我们应把两种理论都运用到语言教室中去。
使用，运用：
He applied the brakes.他踩刹车
3.使起作用;使适用(+to)
This rule can not be applied to every case.
这条规则并不是在每种情况下都能适用的。
4. 把...用(于)[(+to)]
She applies all her money to her mortgage（抵押）.
她将她所有的钱都用来付抵押贷款
5.专心；集中精力
apply oneself to
专心从事，埋头于…
The new comer applied his mind to the job.
新来的职员工作专心致志。
Students should apply themselves to their study.
学生们应该专心致志地学习。
注意：He applied to the company for the position.他向公司申请这一职位。
add up 把...加起来
Add up 3, 4 and 5 and you'll get 12.
把三、四、五相加,总数是十二。
Add up these figures, please.
请把这些数字加起来。
He wrote down the weight of each stone and then added up all the weights.
他把每一块石头的重量记下来，然后把所有的重量加在一起。
add up to
总计为，总数达
His education added up to no more than one year.他受的教育加起来不过一年。
circumstance [ ]
n.情况,环境;情势
In normal circumstances I would have resigned immediately.
在正常情况下,我本会马上辞职的。
under no circumstances ，in no circumstances，无论如何不；决不
词组：under the circumstances或in the circumstances
在这些情况下；情况既然如此
The circumstances forced me to accept.
环境迫使我不得不同意。
Maybe under these circumstances we may say that man can conquer nature.
也许在这样的情况下我们可以说人定胜天。
Don't lose heart.
别泄气。
assessment [ ] n.
评价;估计[C]
He made a careful assessment of the situation.
他对形势作了细致的评估。
assess [ ] vt. assessed， assessing， assesses
估定, 评定对...进行估价,评价
It is too early to assess the effects of the new legislation.
现在来评价新法规的效果为时尚早。
take it easy别着急，别紧张，慢慢来，多休息（从容, 不紧张, 松懈, 轻松）
Take it easy. We'll take care of everything.
别着急。一切由我们照料。
Our teacher told us to take it easy before the examination.
老实交待我们考试前要放松。
---I’ve caught a bad cold,and had a headache.
---Take it easy and drink more water.
keep up保持，维持，坚持；持续，继续：
We asked her to stop talking, but she kept up.
我们请她别再说话了，但她依旧说下去.
Keep up! 坚持！
keep up a good state of mind 保持一个良好的心态
Keep up your courage!鼓起勇气
Keep up your spirits! 振作精神
I don’t know how long the rain will keep up.不知道这雨会持续多久。
I have formed the good habit of getting up early, but I don’t know if I can keep it up.不知道是否能坚持下去
survival [ ]n.
1. 幸存;残存[U]
2. 幸存者;残存物[C]
The old man is a survival of the past age.
这老人乃上一个时代的遗老。
survive [ ]
vt.
1. 在...之后仍然生存,从...中逃生
Only two passengers survived the air-crash.
这次飞机失事只有两名乘客幸免于死。
2. 比...活得长;丧失(配偶,亲人等)
She survived her husband by twenty years.
她丈夫去世后她又活了二十年。
vi.
1. 活下来,幸存;残留[(+on)]
Few survived after the flood.
洪水后极少有人生还。
beyond [ ] 介词 prep.
1.在（到）…较远的一边
What lies beyond the mountains?
山的那一边有什么？
2.晚于；超过
This work is beyond my grasp.
这件工作非我力所能及。
Don't stay there beyond midnight.
不要过了午夜还留在那儿。
3.为…所不能及；多于；超出
Understanding this article is beyond my capacity（能力）.
我看不懂这篇文章。
It's quite beyond me why she married such a heavy smoker.
我实在无法理解为什么她会嫁给这样一个烟鬼。
The fruit is beyond my reach.
那个果子我够不着。
4. (常用于含疑问或否定意义的结构中)除...之外
He has nothing beyond the house.
除这幢房子外,他别的什么也没有。
leave behind忘了带;留下
I've left my pen behind.
我忘了带笔。
burden负担；责任，义务：
The old man bent with a heavy burden on his back.
老人因背着重负而弯腰。
He could not carry the burden alone.
他一人挑不起这副担子。
The burden of organizing the campaign fell to me.
组织这次活动的责任落到了我头上
desperate [ ] a.危急的;绝望的，极严重的
He was desperate when he lost all his money.
当他丢了所有的钱时,他绝望了。
the desperate look of hunger; a desperate cry for help.
饥饿者脸上那绝望的样子；绝望的呼救声
a desperate illness; 绝症；a desperate situation. 危险境地
accustomed [ ] a.
1. 惯常的,通常的
2. 习惯的,适应了的
her accustomed smile她惯常的微笑
He is accustomed to work hard一向勤奋工作
I am accustomed to sleeping late.我习惯于睡得很晚
I'm not accustomed to getting up so early to do morning exercise.
我不习惯这么早起床进行晨练。
starvation [ ]n.
1. 饥饿;挨饿;饿死[U]
The old woman died of starvation.
老妇人被活活饿死。
starve [ ] vi.
1. 饿死
The explorers starved to death in the desert.
探险者们在沙漠中饿死了。
2. 挨饿
3. 【口】饿得慌
Let's get something to eat; I'm starving.
我们吃点东西吧;我饿坏了。
4. 渴望;极需要 (+for)
The plants are starving for water.
这些植物极需要水。
anxiety [ ] n.
1. 焦虑,挂念[U][C][(+about/for)]
The mother was filled with anxiety about her daughter's health.
母亲为女儿的健康忧心忡忡。
2. 焦虑的原因;令人焦虑之事[C][(+to)]
That is a great anxiety to me.
那是一件使我深感焦虑的事情。
3. 渴望[C][(+for)][+to-v]
Their anxiety to go was obvious.
他们想去的急切心情是显而易见的。
come to an end 结束
The meeting came to an end at last.
会议终于结束了。
come to a stop 停止
come to a decision 作出决定
come to a conclusion 得出结论
relief [ ] n.
1. (痛苦,负担等的)缓和,减轻;解除[U][S1][(+of/from/on)]
The pills gave her some relief.
药片减轻她一些痛苦。
2. 轻松,宽心,慰藉[U][S1]
Hearing the news, he breathed a sigh of relief.
一听到消息,他如释重负地松了口气。
I felt great relief when I heard I had passed the examination.
听说我已经通过了考试，感到轻松多了。
2. 救济;补助;解救[U]
to send relief to flooded areas
将救济物资运送给灾区
deliver [ ] vt. n.
1. 投递;传送;运送[(+to)]
The mailman delivered the letters promptly.
那个邮差准时地投递信件。
Some new books have been delivered to the school.
一些新书已被送到学校。
2. 发表;讲;宣布
He delivered an important report at the meeting.
他在会上作了重要报告。
3. 给...接生;生(婴儿)
She delivered twins in the evening.
晚上她生了一对双胞胎。
Which doctor delivered the baby?
哪位医生接生了这个婴儿？
tough [ ] a.
1. 坚韧的,牢固的,折不断的
This material is as tough as leather.
这料子像皮革般坚韧。
2. (肉等)老的,咬不动的
The steak was so tough I couldn't eat it.
牛排太老了,我咬不动它。
3. 困难的 the toughest questions.最困难的问题
*wrap [ ] vt. wrapped， wrapped
1. 包,裹[(+up/in)]
I wrapped the book in brown paper before I mailed it.
我先把书用牛皮纸包好,然后邮寄。
2. 缠绕,披[O][(+around/about)]
She wrapped a scarf around her neck.
她把一条围巾围在脖子上。
3. 覆盖;遮蔽
The skyscraper was wrapped in fog.
摩天大楼为雾所笼罩。
tie up [ ]
1. 系住
He tied up the horse and went into the inn.
他系住马,走进了小酒店。
2. 使受阻
The traffic had been tied up for three hours.
交通阻塞已有三个小时。
packet [ ] n.
1. 小包(裹);小捆;小袋[C][(+of)]
The mailman brought a small packet.
邮差送来了一个小邮包。
He bought a packet of cigarettes.
他买了一包香烟。
go for为…而去，努力争取 He is going for a job.他正在求职。